The coding sequence of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vhb) was cloned with PCR technique from Vitreoscilla stercoraria Pringsheim. The plant expression vector with vhb gene under the control of CaMV 35S promoter was constru...The coding sequence of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vhb) was cloned with PCR technique from Vitreoscilla stercoraria Pringsheim. The plant expression vector with vhb gene under the control of CaMV 35S promoter was constructed and used in the transformation of Petunia hybrida Vilm by the Agrobacterium mediated procedure. The results of PCR amplification and Southern hybridization indicated that the vhb gene had been integrated into the petunia genome and the vhb gene expression had been detected by RT-PCR amplification. In hydroponic culture the transgenic petunias grew much better than non-transgenic controls. For further analysis of hypoxia tolerance of transgenic petunia, the petunia plants with vhb gene were submerged into liquid MS medium. The transgenic plants survived in hypoxic condition and grew out of the liquid surface in a few weeks, while non-transgenic plants were still submerged and suffocated in culture solution without ability to grow out of liquid medium in submersed culture for four to five weeks. The vhb gene transformed petunia plants had been planted and tested in a simulated flooding condition, and showed obvious tolerance to water-logging. It seen is that hemoglobin gene from Vitreoscilla might have the potential use in molecular breeding for the improvement of plant resistance to hypoxia and flooding.展开更多
Vitreoscilla hemoglobin is an oxygen-binding protein that promotes oxygen delivery and reduces oxygen consumption under low oxygen conditions to increase the effi ciency of cell respiration and metabolism.In this stud...Vitreoscilla hemoglobin is an oxygen-binding protein that promotes oxygen delivery and reduces oxygen consumption under low oxygen conditions to increase the effi ciency of cell respiration and metabolism.In this study,we introduced a Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene(vgb)into Chlorella vulgaris by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation(ATMT).PCR analysis confi rmed that the vgb gene was successfully integrated into the Chlorella vulgaris genome.Analysis of biomass obtained in shake fl asks revealed transformant biomass concentrations as high as 3.28 g/L,which was 38.81% higher than that of the wild-type strain.Lutein content of transformants also increased slightly.Further experiments recovered a maximum lutein yield of 2.91 mg/L from the transformants,which was 36.77% higher than that of the wild-type strain.The above results suggest that integrated expression of the vgb gene may improve cell growth and lutein yield in Chlorella vulgaris,with applications to lutein production from Chlorella during fermentation.展开更多
Exogenous Vitreoscilla globin gene (vgb), lytic genes of phage A with S amber mutation (S-RRz) and poly(B-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) biosynthetic genes (phbCAB) were cloned into a same Escherichia coli cell, simultaneousl...Exogenous Vitreoscilla globin gene (vgb), lytic genes of phage A with S amber mutation (S-RRz) and poly(B-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) biosynthetic genes (phbCAB) were cloned into a same Escherichia coli cell, simultaneously or respectively. Six novel strains containing phbCAB and vgb with or without lytic genes were constructed. Strain VG1 (pTU14), in which vgb, phbCAB and S-RRz could all be successfully expressed, has superior characteristics in cell growth and PHB accumulation, while the results of strains containing vgb and phbCAB without S- RRz were not better than that of strains harbored ph&CAB only. The simultaneous expression of vgb and S- RRz in the recombinant VG1 (pTU14) showed a great potential for low-cost production of PHB.展开更多
A full application of the new auditing law dated 2005 meant, among other things, an obligation for audit firms to present transparency reports. In the period of 2007-2010, audit firms overcame the barrier and started ...A full application of the new auditing law dated 2005 meant, among other things, an obligation for audit firms to present transparency reports. In the period of 2007-2010, audit firms overcame the barrier and started disclosing the data on their operations, being treated as confidential for a long period of time. A continuous period of four years might seem to be a short period to create a big picture of the developments in the audit profession in the Republic of Macedonia. However, the issue of who, how, and for what purposes these data were used remains open. Pursuant to Article 7 of the Statute of the Institute for Certified Auditors of the Republic of Macedonia （ICARM）, the institute is in charge of carrying out quality control. In 2010, ICARM carried out, for the first time, quality control over the operations of audit firms in 2009. Did ICARM use and how much did it use the data from the transparency reports in the process of selecting the entities to be subjected to quality control？ Is it possible to establish relation between transparency in the operations of the audit firms and improvement of quality of services they offer to their clients？ The authors will try to provide the answers to the abovementioned questions in this paper.展开更多
To promote spinosad biosynthesis by improving the limited oxygen supply during high-density fermentation of Saccharopolyspora spinosa, the open reading frame of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene was placed under the co...To promote spinosad biosynthesis by improving the limited oxygen supply during high-density fermentation of Saccharopolyspora spinosa, the open reading frame of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene was placed under the control of the promoter for the erythromycin resistance gene by splicing using overlapping extension PCR. This was cloned into the integrating vector pSET152, yielding the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene expression plasmid pSET152EVHB. This was then introduced into S. spinosa SP06081 by conjugal transfer, and integrated into the chromosome by site-specific recombination at the integration site ФC31 on pSET152EVHB. The resultant conjugant, S. spinosa S078-1101, was genetically stable. The integration was further confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting analysis. A carbon monoxide differential spectrum assay showed that active Vitreoscilla hemoglobin was successfully expressed in S. spinosa S078-1101. Fermentation results revealed that expression of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene significantly promoted spinosad biosynthesis under normal oxygen and moderately oxygen-limiting conditions （P〈0.01）. These findings demonstrate that integrating expression of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene improves oxygen uptake and is an effective means for the genetic improvement of S. spinosa fermentation. Saccharopolyspora spinosa, spinosad, Vitreoscilla hemoglobin, integrating vector, homologous recombination展开更多
Salecan is a novel exopolysaccharide produced by the strain Agrobacterium sp. 7__X09, and it is composed of only glucose monomers. The unique chemical composition and excellent physicochemical properties make Salecan ...Salecan is a novel exopolysaccharide produced by the strain Agrobacterium sp. 7__X09, and it is composed of only glucose monomers. The unique chemical composition and excellent physicochemical properties make Salecan a promising material for applications in coagulation, lubrication, protection against acute liver injury, and alleviating constipation. In this study, we cloned the Vitreosci/la hemoglobin gene into a broad-host-range plasmid pCM158. Without antibiotic selection, there was negligible loss of the plasmid in the host Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 after one passage of cultivation. The expression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin was demonstrated by carbon monoxide （CO） dif- ference spectrum. The engineered strain Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 increased Salecan yield by 30%. The other physi- ological changes included its elevated respiration rate and cellular invertase activity.展开更多
文摘The coding sequence of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vhb) was cloned with PCR technique from Vitreoscilla stercoraria Pringsheim. The plant expression vector with vhb gene under the control of CaMV 35S promoter was constructed and used in the transformation of Petunia hybrida Vilm by the Agrobacterium mediated procedure. The results of PCR amplification and Southern hybridization indicated that the vhb gene had been integrated into the petunia genome and the vhb gene expression had been detected by RT-PCR amplification. In hydroponic culture the transgenic petunias grew much better than non-transgenic controls. For further analysis of hypoxia tolerance of transgenic petunia, the petunia plants with vhb gene were submerged into liquid MS medium. The transgenic plants survived in hypoxic condition and grew out of the liquid surface in a few weeks, while non-transgenic plants were still submerged and suffocated in culture solution without ability to grow out of liquid medium in submersed culture for four to five weeks. The vhb gene transformed petunia plants had been planted and tested in a simulated flooding condition, and showed obvious tolerance to water-logging. It seen is that hemoglobin gene from Vitreoscilla might have the potential use in molecular breeding for the improvement of plant resistance to hypoxia and flooding.
基金Supported by the Ocean Public Welfare Scientific Research Special Appropriation Project(No.201005020)
文摘Vitreoscilla hemoglobin is an oxygen-binding protein that promotes oxygen delivery and reduces oxygen consumption under low oxygen conditions to increase the effi ciency of cell respiration and metabolism.In this study,we introduced a Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene(vgb)into Chlorella vulgaris by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation(ATMT).PCR analysis confi rmed that the vgb gene was successfully integrated into the Chlorella vulgaris genome.Analysis of biomass obtained in shake fl asks revealed transformant biomass concentrations as high as 3.28 g/L,which was 38.81% higher than that of the wild-type strain.Lutein content of transformants also increased slightly.Further experiments recovered a maximum lutein yield of 2.91 mg/L from the transformants,which was 36.77% higher than that of the wild-type strain.The above results suggest that integrated expression of the vgb gene may improve cell growth and lutein yield in Chlorella vulgaris,with applications to lutein production from Chlorella during fermentation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 29834103, 29876021).
文摘Exogenous Vitreoscilla globin gene (vgb), lytic genes of phage A with S amber mutation (S-RRz) and poly(B-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) biosynthetic genes (phbCAB) were cloned into a same Escherichia coli cell, simultaneously or respectively. Six novel strains containing phbCAB and vgb with or without lytic genes were constructed. Strain VG1 (pTU14), in which vgb, phbCAB and S-RRz could all be successfully expressed, has superior characteristics in cell growth and PHB accumulation, while the results of strains containing vgb and phbCAB without S- RRz were not better than that of strains harbored ph&CAB only. The simultaneous expression of vgb and S- RRz in the recombinant VG1 (pTU14) showed a great potential for low-cost production of PHB.
文摘A full application of the new auditing law dated 2005 meant, among other things, an obligation for audit firms to present transparency reports. In the period of 2007-2010, audit firms overcame the barrier and started disclosing the data on their operations, being treated as confidential for a long period of time. A continuous period of four years might seem to be a short period to create a big picture of the developments in the audit profession in the Republic of Macedonia. However, the issue of who, how, and for what purposes these data were used remains open. Pursuant to Article 7 of the Statute of the Institute for Certified Auditors of the Republic of Macedonia （ICARM）, the institute is in charge of carrying out quality control. In 2010, ICARM carried out, for the first time, quality control over the operations of audit firms in 2009. Did ICARM use and how much did it use the data from the transparency reports in the process of selecting the entities to be subjected to quality control？ Is it possible to establish relation between transparency in the operations of the audit firms and improvement of quality of services they offer to their clients？ The authors will try to provide the answers to the abovementioned questions in this paper.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2012CB722301 and 2011CB111605)the National High Technology Research and Development Project of China (Grant No. 2011AA10A203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31070006)
文摘To promote spinosad biosynthesis by improving the limited oxygen supply during high-density fermentation of Saccharopolyspora spinosa, the open reading frame of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene was placed under the control of the promoter for the erythromycin resistance gene by splicing using overlapping extension PCR. This was cloned into the integrating vector pSET152, yielding the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene expression plasmid pSET152EVHB. This was then introduced into S. spinosa SP06081 by conjugal transfer, and integrated into the chromosome by site-specific recombination at the integration site ФC31 on pSET152EVHB. The resultant conjugant, S. spinosa S078-1101, was genetically stable. The integration was further confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting analysis. A carbon monoxide differential spectrum assay showed that active Vitreoscilla hemoglobin was successfully expressed in S. spinosa S078-1101. Fermentation results revealed that expression of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene significantly promoted spinosad biosynthesis under normal oxygen and moderately oxygen-limiting conditions （P〈0.01）. These findings demonstrate that integrating expression of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene improves oxygen uptake and is an effective means for the genetic improvement of S. spinosa fermentation. Saccharopolyspora spinosa, spinosad, Vitreoscilla hemoglobin, integrating vector, homologous recombination
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.30920130121013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31300111)
文摘Salecan is a novel exopolysaccharide produced by the strain Agrobacterium sp. 7__X09, and it is composed of only glucose monomers. The unique chemical composition and excellent physicochemical properties make Salecan a promising material for applications in coagulation, lubrication, protection against acute liver injury, and alleviating constipation. In this study, we cloned the Vitreosci/la hemoglobin gene into a broad-host-range plasmid pCM158. Without antibiotic selection, there was negligible loss of the plasmid in the host Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 after one passage of cultivation. The expression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin was demonstrated by carbon monoxide （CO） dif- ference spectrum. The engineered strain Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 increased Salecan yield by 30%. The other physi- ological changes included its elevated respiration rate and cellular invertase activity.
