patients were registered in 1999 from 66 hospitals in Beijing, including 3 362 hemodialysis(HD) cases(91% )and 314 peritoneal dialysis(PD) cases(9% ). Of them 1 966 cases received dialysis newly within 1999. Median ag...patients were registered in 1999 from 66 hospitals in Beijing, including 3 362 hemodialysis(HD) cases(91% )and 314 peritoneal dialysis(PD) cases(9% ). Of them 1 966 cases received dialysis newly within 1999. Median age was 54 in HD and 62 in PD. There were 655 HD machines. 97% dialysate belonged to bicarbonate. 69 835 dialysers had been used and mean time of reuse was 5. 3 times. The consumption of synthesis membrane dialysers increased from 36% in 1998 to 49% in 1999. 95% patients underwent HD with autologous arteriovenous fistula. There were 19 hospitals with PD patients in 1999. 307/314(98% ) cases received CAPD therapy. Twin bag set accounted for 82% in PD connection in 1999, as compared to 0% in 1998. Baxter PD dialysate was commonly used in 18 hospitals. Catheters of 74% patients were Tenckhoff, 24% patients Swanneck. Incidence of peritonitis was 0. 1 patient per year. In patients who received dialysis adequate evaluations, 17% HD cases were inadequate. The levels of hematocrit in all the patients with erythropoietin treatment were below normal. Until 1999. 12. 31, 1 909/3 676 dialysis patients survived accounting for 52%. The longest dialysis duration was 9. 5 years. The first cause of dialysis was glomerulonephritis (40%), then diabetic nephropathy( 11%) . 3% HD and 6% PD patients presented abnormal SGPT. 5% HD and 6% PD patients possessed positive HBV markers. 7% HD and 4% PD cases possessed positive HCV markers. Total mortality of dialysis patients was 9% in 1999; of HD 8% and of PD 13. 4% respectively. The first cause of death was cardiac factor. 14% dialysis patients underwent renal transplantation.展开更多
There were 3 474 dialysis patients and their average age was 49. 1 years. The first primary disease was glomerulonephritis (38. 1%), then diabetic nephropathy (17. 6%) . There were 360 HD machines. 15511 dialysers wer...There were 3 474 dialysis patients and their average age was 49. 1 years. The first primary disease was glomerulonephritis (38. 1%), then diabetic nephropathy (17. 6%) . There were 360 HD machines. 15511 dialysers were used in 1999. 99% dialyser were imported, of them hemophan membrane accounted for 60%. The longest dialysis duration was 16 years. 382 (13. 1% ) cases died. The main death causes were cardiovascular disorder (38. 1% ) and cerebrovascular disorder (24. 2%). 12. 8% patients died of dialysis interruption automatically. Positive HBV markers were found in 8. 1% HD and 4. 9% PD cases. Positive HCV markers were found in 4. 7% HD and 2. 7% PD cases. 6. 0% HD and 9. 0% PD patients presented abnormal SGPT. Incidence of peritonitis was one time per 28 patient months. A great part of patients was inadequate and their hematocrit levels were below normal. Until 1999. 12. 31, 1 157 patients had received renal transplantation and the survival rate was 61. 7%.展开更多
There were 475 hemodialysis (HD) machines in 50 hospitals providing HD treatment and 1 7of above 50 offered peritoneal dialysis (PD) as well. Dialysers were reused by manual wash methods in 94% HD units and mean reuse...There were 475 hemodialysis (HD) machines in 50 hospitals providing HD treatment and 1 7of above 50 offered peritoneal dialysis (PD) as well. Dialysers were reused by manual wash methods in 94% HD units and mean reuse time was 5. 2 times for import dialysers, 4. 3 times for local ones. 88. 2% patients received CAPD and 59% cases used twin bag set. Baxter peritoneal dialysate and Tenckhoff catheter were applied to 94% and 99% PD units respectively. 2 5 18/2 618 (96. 2% ) patients with permanent vessels received autogolous arteriovenous fistula. There were 3 357 HD cases in 1999 including 1 664 new cases within 1999. Until 1999. 12. 31, 2 099 patients survived. There were 415 PD cases in 1999 including 148 new cases within 1999. Until 1999. 12. 31, 347 PD patients survived. 432 cases underwent transplantation in 1999. Glomerulonephritis (54. 6%) was still the first primary disease of dialysis, then diabetic nephropathy (13. 1%). Mean URR value of 1106 HD patients was 0.64. Mean Kt/V values of 1 460 HD cases and 320 PD cases were 1. 42 and 1. 75 respectively. With erythropoietin therapy, hematocrit levels of 1064 HD and 222 PD patients were 0. 243 ± 0. 032 and 0. 262 ± 0. 035 respectively. Positive HBV markers were found in 256(12. 1% ) HD patients and 40 (11. 3%) PD patients; positive anti-HCV antibody in 248 (11. 9% HD cases and 18 (5. 1% ) PD cases. 79 peritonitis infections occurred in 415 cases. 88 HD patients, but only one PD patients, survived more than 10 years. 77 acute HD and 161 maintenance HD patients were dead. Cardiac failure and cerebrovascular disorder were main causes of death. 3 acute PD and 25 maintenance PD patients were dead. Organ failure and infection were common causes. Total 266 cases died accounting for 7. 1%. 28 transplantation patients were dead accounting for 6. 5%.展开更多
hospitals were registered in 1999. There were 629 hemodialysis (HD) machines in 59 hospitals providing HD therapy. 37 hospitals offered peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. 3 975 HD patients were registered in 1999 inc...hospitals were registered in 1999. There were 629 hemodialysis (HD) machines in 59 hospitals providing HD therapy. 37 hospitals offered peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. 3 975 HD patients were registered in 1999 including 1 769 new cases within 1999. The annual incidence rate was 135 pmp and point prevalence (1999. 12. 31) was 180 pmp. 670 PD patients were registered in 1999 including 268 new cases within 1999. The annual incidence rate was 20 pmp and point prevalence (1999. 12. 31) was 34 pmp. The first cause of chronic renal failure was glomerulonephritis (61. 0% in HD and 55. 5% in PD respectively), then diabetic nephropathy. Of HD, 369 patients (9. 3% ) were dead; 368 (9. 3% ) underwent renal transplantation and 772 (18. 2% ) left registered hospitals. Of PD, 108 patients (16. 1% ) were dead; 23 (3. 4%) underwent renal transplantation and 42 (6. 3%) left registered hospitals. The first cause of death was cerebrovascular accident in HD and PD. Until 1999. 12. 31, positive HBV markers were found in 14. 1% HD patients and 14. 4% PD patients; positive anti-HCV antibody in 28. 6% HD cases and 8. 0% PD cases. In HD patients, the mean URR value was 0.63 (1 285 cases)and the mean Kt/V was 1. 34 (1 227 cases) . In PD patients, the mean Kt/V value was 1. 7 (347 cases) and the mean weekly Ccr was 58. 2 L week’ (1. 73m2) 1(325 cases). The hematocrit level of all the patients was below normal. 97% patients underwent HD with autologous arteriovenous fistula. 82. 8% patients received CAPD and twin bag set accounted for 52. 8%. 83. 8% hospitals used Baxter peritoneal dialysate and 43. 2% hospitals used peritoneal dialysate produced in Shanghai. Incidence of peritonitis was one time per 41. 4 patient-month in cases with twin bag set. In 1999, there were 10 hospitals providing renal transplantation and 435 patients received transplantation(annual incidence rate 32 pmp) . Until 1999. 12. 31, 2 764 transplantation patients survived totally (point prevalence 210 pmp).展开更多
文摘patients were registered in 1999 from 66 hospitals in Beijing, including 3 362 hemodialysis(HD) cases(91% )and 314 peritoneal dialysis(PD) cases(9% ). Of them 1 966 cases received dialysis newly within 1999. Median age was 54 in HD and 62 in PD. There were 655 HD machines. 97% dialysate belonged to bicarbonate. 69 835 dialysers had been used and mean time of reuse was 5. 3 times. The consumption of synthesis membrane dialysers increased from 36% in 1998 to 49% in 1999. 95% patients underwent HD with autologous arteriovenous fistula. There were 19 hospitals with PD patients in 1999. 307/314(98% ) cases received CAPD therapy. Twin bag set accounted for 82% in PD connection in 1999, as compared to 0% in 1998. Baxter PD dialysate was commonly used in 18 hospitals. Catheters of 74% patients were Tenckhoff, 24% patients Swanneck. Incidence of peritonitis was 0. 1 patient per year. In patients who received dialysis adequate evaluations, 17% HD cases were inadequate. The levels of hematocrit in all the patients with erythropoietin treatment were below normal. Until 1999. 12. 31, 1 909/3 676 dialysis patients survived accounting for 52%. The longest dialysis duration was 9. 5 years. The first cause of dialysis was glomerulonephritis (40%), then diabetic nephropathy( 11%) . 3% HD and 6% PD patients presented abnormal SGPT. 5% HD and 6% PD patients possessed positive HBV markers. 7% HD and 4% PD cases possessed positive HCV markers. Total mortality of dialysis patients was 9% in 1999; of HD 8% and of PD 13. 4% respectively. The first cause of death was cardiac factor. 14% dialysis patients underwent renal transplantation.
文摘There were 3 474 dialysis patients and their average age was 49. 1 years. The first primary disease was glomerulonephritis (38. 1%), then diabetic nephropathy (17. 6%) . There were 360 HD machines. 15511 dialysers were used in 1999. 99% dialyser were imported, of them hemophan membrane accounted for 60%. The longest dialysis duration was 16 years. 382 (13. 1% ) cases died. The main death causes were cardiovascular disorder (38. 1% ) and cerebrovascular disorder (24. 2%). 12. 8% patients died of dialysis interruption automatically. Positive HBV markers were found in 8. 1% HD and 4. 9% PD cases. Positive HCV markers were found in 4. 7% HD and 2. 7% PD cases. 6. 0% HD and 9. 0% PD patients presented abnormal SGPT. Incidence of peritonitis was one time per 28 patient months. A great part of patients was inadequate and their hematocrit levels were below normal. Until 1999. 12. 31, 1 157 patients had received renal transplantation and the survival rate was 61. 7%.
文摘There were 475 hemodialysis (HD) machines in 50 hospitals providing HD treatment and 1 7of above 50 offered peritoneal dialysis (PD) as well. Dialysers were reused by manual wash methods in 94% HD units and mean reuse time was 5. 2 times for import dialysers, 4. 3 times for local ones. 88. 2% patients received CAPD and 59% cases used twin bag set. Baxter peritoneal dialysate and Tenckhoff catheter were applied to 94% and 99% PD units respectively. 2 5 18/2 618 (96. 2% ) patients with permanent vessels received autogolous arteriovenous fistula. There were 3 357 HD cases in 1999 including 1 664 new cases within 1999. Until 1999. 12. 31, 2 099 patients survived. There were 415 PD cases in 1999 including 148 new cases within 1999. Until 1999. 12. 31, 347 PD patients survived. 432 cases underwent transplantation in 1999. Glomerulonephritis (54. 6%) was still the first primary disease of dialysis, then diabetic nephropathy (13. 1%). Mean URR value of 1106 HD patients was 0.64. Mean Kt/V values of 1 460 HD cases and 320 PD cases were 1. 42 and 1. 75 respectively. With erythropoietin therapy, hematocrit levels of 1064 HD and 222 PD patients were 0. 243 ± 0. 032 and 0. 262 ± 0. 035 respectively. Positive HBV markers were found in 256(12. 1% ) HD patients and 40 (11. 3%) PD patients; positive anti-HCV antibody in 248 (11. 9% HD cases and 18 (5. 1% ) PD cases. 79 peritonitis infections occurred in 415 cases. 88 HD patients, but only one PD patients, survived more than 10 years. 77 acute HD and 161 maintenance HD patients were dead. Cardiac failure and cerebrovascular disorder were main causes of death. 3 acute PD and 25 maintenance PD patients were dead. Organ failure and infection were common causes. Total 266 cases died accounting for 7. 1%. 28 transplantation patients were dead accounting for 6. 5%.
文摘hospitals were registered in 1999. There were 629 hemodialysis (HD) machines in 59 hospitals providing HD therapy. 37 hospitals offered peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. 3 975 HD patients were registered in 1999 including 1 769 new cases within 1999. The annual incidence rate was 135 pmp and point prevalence (1999. 12. 31) was 180 pmp. 670 PD patients were registered in 1999 including 268 new cases within 1999. The annual incidence rate was 20 pmp and point prevalence (1999. 12. 31) was 34 pmp. The first cause of chronic renal failure was glomerulonephritis (61. 0% in HD and 55. 5% in PD respectively), then diabetic nephropathy. Of HD, 369 patients (9. 3% ) were dead; 368 (9. 3% ) underwent renal transplantation and 772 (18. 2% ) left registered hospitals. Of PD, 108 patients (16. 1% ) were dead; 23 (3. 4%) underwent renal transplantation and 42 (6. 3%) left registered hospitals. The first cause of death was cerebrovascular accident in HD and PD. Until 1999. 12. 31, positive HBV markers were found in 14. 1% HD patients and 14. 4% PD patients; positive anti-HCV antibody in 28. 6% HD cases and 8. 0% PD cases. In HD patients, the mean URR value was 0.63 (1 285 cases)and the mean Kt/V was 1. 34 (1 227 cases) . In PD patients, the mean Kt/V value was 1. 7 (347 cases) and the mean weekly Ccr was 58. 2 L week’ (1. 73m2) 1(325 cases). The hematocrit level of all the patients was below normal. 97% patients underwent HD with autologous arteriovenous fistula. 82. 8% patients received CAPD and twin bag set accounted for 52. 8%. 83. 8% hospitals used Baxter peritoneal dialysate and 43. 2% hospitals used peritoneal dialysate produced in Shanghai. Incidence of peritonitis was one time per 41. 4 patient-month in cases with twin bag set. In 1999, there were 10 hospitals providing renal transplantation and 435 patients received transplantation(annual incidence rate 32 pmp) . Until 1999. 12. 31, 2 764 transplantation patients survived totally (point prevalence 210 pmp).