产权作为提供专用性投资激励机制的缺陷和通路管制理论

杨瑞龙和杨其静(2001)尽管看到了新经济的兴起和新型企业的出现对现代主流企业理论的挑战,但未能建立解释上述现象的正确途径。我们认为,企业与人力资本“互补性”的形成从根本上是由专用性投资导致的,并进一步成为实施对企业关键资源的通路进行管制的前提。因此,专用性投资仍然是个体分享企业剩余的讨价还价能力基础。选择具有负面效应产权作为提供专用性投资激励的机制,专用性投资会降低个体分享企业剩余的讨价还价能力,而通路是比产权更好地提供专用性投资激励的机制。

Specific effect of acupuncture on the neural pathway in the acute stage of migraine headache

To discuss the hazard of migraine in acute phase and analgesic effect, acupoint selection features, method as well as mechanism of acupuncture; to put forward relevant questions, answer these questions, propose relative specificity hypothesis on neural pathway of analgesic effect of acupoints in different nerve distribution areas（trigeminal nerve distribution area, occipital nerve distribution area, and spinal nerve distribution area） in treatment of migraine in acute phase, and analyze the deficiencies of hypothesis.