进口速度分布对钝体稳定器贫油点熄火性能的影响研究

为了探究燃烧室不均匀进口速度分布对燃烧性能的影响,采用试验的方法,开展了0.101MPa,700K进口条件下四种进口速度分布对钝体稳定器贫油点熄火性能的影响研究,结合流场特性分析了贫油点熄火性能变化的原因,四种进口速度分布依次为:h/H=0,3/6,4/6和5/6(其中h为速度峰值距离通道底部的高度,H为试验通道的高度)。结果表明:整体而言,均匀进口贫油点熄火性能优于非均匀进口。当h/H=3/6时,贫油点熄火性能最差;而当h/H=5/6时,贫油点熄火性能最优。随着h/H由3/6增大到5/6时,贫油点火当量比下降7.39%,贫油熄火当量比下降18.45%。当进口速度分布为h/H=0和3/6时,钝体稳定器下游回流区基本对称;而当h/H=4/6和5/6时,钝体下游回流区不对称,且每个涡出现主副双涡心,存在流体由一个涡心向另一个涡心流动的现象。同时,当进口速度分布由h/H=3/6增大到h/H=5/6时,钝体下游回流区变长,其特征长度Lvc_A增大14.56%,Lvc_B增大50.70%。

Solution for Output Coordination Equations of Several Typical Parallel Six-Dimensional Acceleration Sensing Mechanisms

Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to generate the dynamic decoupling equation of the parallel six-dimensional acceleration sensing mechanism,two typical parallel six-dimensional acceleration sensing mechanisms are taken as examples.By analyzing the scale constraint relationship between the hinge points on the mass block and the hinge points on the base of the sensing mechanism,a new method for establishing the dynamic equation of the sensing mechanism is proposed.Firstly,based on the scale constraint relationship between the hinge points on the mass block and the hinge points on the base of the sensing mechanism,the expression of the branch rod length is obtained.The inherent constraint relationship between the branches is excavated and the branch coordination closed chain of the“12-6”configuration is constructed.The output coordination equation of the sensing mechanism is successfully derived.Secondly,the dynamic equations of“12-4”and“12-6”configurations are constructed by the Newton-Euler method,and the forward decoupling equations of the two configurations are solved by combining the dynamic equations and the output coordination equations.Finally,the virtual prototype experiment is carried out,and the maximum reference errors of the forward decoupling equations of the two configuration sensing mechanisms are 4.23%and 6.53%,respectively.The results show that the proposed method is effective and feasible,and meets the real-time requirements.

Study on virtual source method under complex overburden in horizontal well

In conventional seismic exploration,complex overburden prevents us from imaging the deeper underground structure,because near-surface velocity model cannot be efficiently simplified and accurately established. The virtual source method provides a promising solution,which images below a complex overburden without the knowledge of overburden velocities and near-surface changes. In this paper,the authors simulate the forward modeling under complex overburden with sources on the surface and receivers in the horizontal well,and reset the real sources into the horizontal well using the virtual source method,which subtly avoid the distortion effects of the complex overburden. Finally the underground structure can be imaged using Kirchhoff migration,so the feasibility and advantages of the virtual source method are verified.

Improved ultrasonic differentiation model for structural coal types based on neural network

In order to solve the difficulty of detailed recognition of subdivisions of structural coal types,a differentiation model that combines BP neural network with an ultrasonic reflection method is proposed.Structural coal types are recognized based on a suitable consideration of ultrasonic speed,an ultrasonic attenuation coefficient,characteristics of ultrasonic transmission and other parameters relating to structural coal types.We have focused on a computational model of ultrasonic speed,attenuation coefficient in coal and differentiation algorithm of structural coal types based on a BP neural network.Experiments demonstrate that the model can distinguish structural coal types effectively.It is important for the improved ultrasonic differentiation model to predict coal and gas outbursts.

Cellular Automata Models of Traffic Behavior in Presence of Speed Breaking Structures

In this article, we study traffic flow in the presence of speed breaking structures. The speed breakers are typically used to reduce the local speed of vehicles near certain institutions such as schools and hospitals. Through a cellular automata model we study the impact of such structures on giobal traffic characteristics. The simulation results indicate that the presence of speed breakers could reduce the global flow under moderate global densities. However, under low and high global density traffic regime the presence of speed breakers does not have an impact on the global flow. Further the speed limit enforced by the speed breaker creates a phase distinction. For a given global density and slowdown probability, as the speed limit enforced by the speed breaker increases, the traffic moves from the reduced flow phase to maximum flow phase. This underlines the importance of proper design of these structures to avoid undesired flow restrictions.

Phase-field simulation of lamellar growth for a binary eutectic alloy

Using general multi-phase-field model,detailed microstructures corresponding to different initial lamellar sets were simulated in a binary eutectic alloy with an asymmetric phase diagram.The simulation results show that regular or unstable oscillating lamellar structures depend on the initial lamellar widths of two solid phases.A lamellar morphology map associating with the initial widths has been derived,which is capable of showing the condition of forming various lamella structures.For instance,a regular lamella was formed with fast solidification while large lamella resulted from disorder growth with low interfacial velocity. The investigated interface velocities indicate that with fast solidification to form regular lamella,a disorder growth manner or a large lamellar spacing causes a low interface velocity.These results are in good agreement with those proposed by Jackson-Hunt model.

Human Comfort Evaluation of a Steel-Concrete Composite Building Subjected to Aerobics

The current steel-concrete composite floors design might be susceptible to the resonance phenomenon, causing undesirable vibrations in the frequency range that is the most noticeable to humans, i.e., 4 Hz to 8 Hz. This way, the main objective of this work is to investigate the dynamic structural behaviour of a steel-concrete composite multi-storey building when subjected to human rhythmic activities （aerobics）. The studied structural model represents a typical interior floor bay of a commercial building used for gym and is composed by three floor levels spanning 20 m by 20 m, with a total area of 3×400 m2. An extensive parametric study was developed aiming to obtain the peak accelerations, RMS （root mean square） accelerations and VDV （vibration dose value） values, based on two different mathematical formulations. The human comfort of the building was analysed and the vibration transmissibility related to the steel columns was verified. Based on the found results, the investigated structural model presented high vibration levels that compromise the human comfort.

Variation Characteristics of Focal Mechanisms of Small Earthquakes before Four Strong Earthquakes in Xinjiang

With the point source dislocation model and the velocity structure of a layered medium,focal mechanisms of small earthquakes are calculated using the maximum amplitude of the direct P- and S-waves in the vertical component. By system clustering,and using the vector synthesis method,the average focal mechanism solution is obtained. Using the above method,this paper analyzes the variation characteristics of the source ruptures and the P-axis azimuths of small earthquakes around the seismic zones before four strong earthquakes occurring since 2003 in the western part of north Tianshan and the middle part of Tianshan. The result shows that 2 ~ 3 years before the strong earthquakes,the focal mechanism types of small earthquakes are distributed randomly, and obvious dominant distributions are observed one year before the strong earthquakes. There are obvious changes in the P-axis azimuth.

Three-dimensional crustal velocity structure model of the middle-eastern north China Craton (HBCrust1.0)

Lithosphere thinning and destruction in the middle-eastern North China Craton(NCC), a region susceptible to strong earthquakes, is one of the research hotspots in solid earth science. All 42 seismic wide-angle reflection/refraction profiles have been completed in the middle-eastern NCC. We collect all the 2-D profiling results and perform gridding of the velocity and interface depth data, building a 3-D crustal velocity structure model for the middle-eastern NCC, named HBCrust1.0, by using the Kriging interpolation method. Our result shows that the first-arrival times calculated by HBCust1.0 fit well with the observations. The result demonstrates that the upper crust is the main seismogenic layer, and the brittle-ductile transition occurs at depths near interface C(the interface between upper and lower crust). The depth of interface Moho varies beneath the source area of the Tangshan earthquake, and a low-velocity structure is found to extend from the source area to the lower crust. Based on these observations, it can be inferred that stress accumulation responsible for the Tangshan earthquake may have been closely related to the migration and deformation of the mantle materials. Comparisons of the average velocities of the whole crust, the upper and the lower crust show that the average velocity of the lower crust under the central part of the North China Basin(NCB) in the east of the craton is obviously higher than the regional average. This high-velocity probably results from long-term underplating of the mantle magma.

Dynamic response of gravity dam model with crack and damage detection

Gravity dam is a typical structure that has been frequently used in the fields of water conservancy engineering, and the safety of the structure has received widespread attention recently. Due to earthquakes or other reasons, gravity dams normally have damage such as cracks in practical service. Damage in the structures can alter the structural dynamic behavior and seriously affect structural performance. Maintaining safety and integrity of the gravity dam structures requires a better understanding of dynamic response of structure with damage and associated damage detection method. In order to study thoroughly the dynamic behavior of gravity dam with damage, the sweep vibration responses of the gravity dam with and without damage are investigated. The experimental results show that the peak-peak acceleration responses all increase for the structure is with crack. At the same time, a structural damage detection method, i.e., the local damage factor (LDF) method, is considered in the study of gravity dam damage detection when the dam is subjected to the base excitation. It is shown that the LDF method can be used as a damage index and is capable of evaluating both the presence and relative severity of structural damage, and it can be used as a viable condition assessment and damage identification technique to detect and quantify the damage in the gravity dam.