浅析林业生态工程与区域生态环境

森林资源作为人类赖以生存的能源物质组成部分,不仅为人类的生活环境提供有力的保护,也是我国经济发展的基础依托。但目前,生态系统遭到破坏,全球植被面积逐年减少,单靠增加植被面积,禁止滥砍乱伐已经不能从根本问题上解决森林生态系统的危机,需要建立更协调、更有效的生产生态系统。

Biomass Carbon Storage and Its Sequestration Potential of Afforestation under Natural Forest Protection Program in China

Based on the data from China′s Seventh Forest Inventory for the period of 2004–2008, area and stand volume of different types and age-classes of plantation were used to establish the relationship between biomass density and age of planted forests in different regions of the country. Combined with the plantation area in the first-stage of the Natural Forest Protection(NFP) program(1998–2010), this study calculated the biomass carbon storage of the afforestation in the first-stage of the program. On this basis, the carbon sequestration potential of these forests was estimated for the second stage of the program(2011–2020). Biomass carbon storage of plantation established in the first stage of the program was 33.67 Tg C, which was majority accounted by protection forests(30.26 Tg C). There was a significant difference among carbon storage in different regions, which depended on the relationship of biomass carbon density, forest age and plantation area. Under the natural growth, the carbon storage was forecasted to increase annually from 2011 to 2020, reaching 96.03 Tg C at the end of the second-stage of the program in 2020. The annual growth of the carbon storage was forecasted to be 6.24 Tg C/yr, which suggested that NFP program has a significant potential for enhancing carbon sequestration in plantation forests under its domain.

Using Organic Matter and pH to Estimate the Bulk Density of Afforested/Reforested Soils in Northwest and Northeast China

Regression models for predicting soil bulk density(BD) have usually been related to organic matter content, but it remains unknown whether soil acidity modifies this relationship, particularly for afforested/reforested soils. We measured soil BD along with organic matter content and pH in an afforested/reforested area in Northwest and Northeast China. Using these measurements, we parameterized and validated three BD models: the Adams equation, and exponential and radical models. Model validation showed that the Adams equation failed to predict the BD of the afforested/reforested soils, producing a large overestimation. Incorporation of soil pH into the Adams equation significantly improved its performance. The exponential and radical models parameterized by the measured data simulated soil BD quite well, particularly when soil pH was incorporated. However, incorporation of soil texture variables into these models did not improve model performance compared with the pH-modified models. This led to the conclusion that the Adams equation, exponential, and radical models with pH modification are applicable to afforested/reforested soils with various acidities.

Study of Priority Area Selection and Evaluation for Afforestation and Reforestation Project under CDM in China

This paper gives an expatiation on significance and specific requirements of developing afforestation and reforestation project under CDM in Kyoto Protocol. According to the international rules and the current forestry development situation in China, the priority area for CDM afforestation and reforestation （CDM A/R） project is finally found after scientific selection and assessment on indicators, including the non-forestland area in 1990, growth rate of tree, afforestation cost, biodiversity and community development. The outcome from the study provides a solid basis for finding and implementing CDM A/R carbon sequestration projects in China. The study also puts forward suggestions on the strategy to develop and manage CDM A/R projects in China

Practice and Use of Tree Species in Urban Forestry in Thailand

Urban forestry is now increasingly practiced in Thailand. This has gained impetus because ofgradual deterioration of visual amenity and environmental quality in many of the rapidly developing urbancenters. Various urban beautification programs are being implemented to rehabilitate blighted landscape,polluted atmosphere and deteriorating weather conditions, as well as to maintain a clean, healthy and pleasantenvironment so as to ensure a better quality of life. Planting of suitable trees for shade, climatic ameliorationand aesthetic values form the principal activity under these beautification programs. It is regarded as not onlyan important component of socio-economic development but also contributive to the restoration of the urbanecosystem. The responsibility of the implementation of most of these programs falls to the BangkokMetropolitan, Administration, Provincial and District Municipalities. The Royal Forest Department playsthe supporting role of supplying seedlings of the species required for planting and providing technical adviceon the growing of these trees. In this paper tree species commonly planted in urban and populated areas inThailand are identified. It is envisaged that with the vast amount of flora available in Thailand and through theintegrated efforts of all agencies involved, this program will achieve the target of beautifying the cities andtowns of Thailand.

Role of Trees in Urban Areas and Challenges of their Establishment

The trees in urban landscapes, independent of whether they are in urban forests or stand alone,can improve environment quality, enhance individual and community well-being, provide a wide range ofservices to individuals and communities, and produce a more healthful and comfortable environment forthe vast majority of the population. Knowledge of the potential significance of trees in urban landscapesis expanding rapidly as research continues to document the important role that urban forests and trees canplay in improving the quality of urban life. The environmental conditions in urban landscapes are, however,very different from the natural conditions that the tree species are adapted to. This poses big challenges tothe urban forestry in its efforts to create healthy and valuable trees in urban landscapes. Only throughimplementing some important measures we can ensure high survival rate of saplings and well-being andlongevity of urban trees.