A 32-channel 50 GHz spaced arrayed-waveguide grating(AWG) with our innovative configuration has been designed and fabricated.The performance of the device has been fully tested by using a system that consists of a tun...A 32-channel 50 GHz spaced arrayed-waveguide grating(AWG) with our innovative configuration has been designed and fabricated.The performance of the device has been fully tested by using a system that consists of a tunable laser light source (TLS), an optical power meter and a polarization controller.The insertion loss (IS) of the device is 4.2-7.4 dB.The crosstalk is about -28 dB.The IS uniformity is less than 3.3 dB.With our configuration,the performance of the device has been enhanced effectively and the difficulty in alignment process has been decreased obviously.展开更多
Objerctive: To introduce the current status of implementing sexually transmitted infection (STIs)syndromic management in China. Methods: Data werecollected and analyzed from the literature. Possiblesolutions were sugg...Objerctive: To introduce the current status of implementing sexually transmitted infection (STIs)syndromic management in China. Methods: Data werecollected and analyzed from the literature. Possiblesolutions were suggested for the obstacles encountered inthe implementation process. Results: Validation of revised flowcharts for themanagement of three syndromes (urethritis, vaginaldischarge, and genital ulcers) has been conducted in China.The feasibility, effectiveness and acceptance of using asyndromic STI approach were investigated in a large studyin Hainan, Zhejiang and Hubei Provinces. Chief obstaclesto implementation included the following: lack of supportfrom government authorities; negative reaction by hospitals;lack of critical thinking and innovation; perceivedover-emphasis on treatment at the expense of prevention;and lack of coverage for several important pathogens withintreatment algorithms. Possible solutions may include policyadvocacy, adopting syndromic management into a Chinesecontext, ssemination and promotion, training of providers, encouraging use of syndromic approach, and conductingoperational rescarch. Conclusions: Syndromic STI management provides afeasible approach for the diagnosis and treatment of STIs inChina. Further efforts should be made for scaling up itsapplication in clinical settings.展开更多
This paper presents the testing results of three types of fire detectors： electrical heat sensing cable, optical fiber Raman temperature sensing detector, and optical fiber Bragg grating （FBG） temperature sensing d...This paper presents the testing results of three types of fire detectors： electrical heat sensing cable, optical fiber Raman temperature sensing detector, and optical fiber Bragg grating （FBG） temperature sensing detector, in two simulated fire scenes in a cable tunnel. In the small-scale fire with limited thermal radiation and no flame, the fire alarm only comes from the heat sensors which directly contact with the heat source. In the large-scale fire with about 5 ℃/min temperature rising speed within a 3-m span, the fire alarm response time of the fiber Raman sensor and FBG sensors was about 30 seconds. The test results can be further used for formulating regulation for early fire detection in cable tunnels.展开更多
基金Project supported by Nation Key Basic R&D Plan of China(G2000036602) ,and the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(No.69889701)
文摘A 32-channel 50 GHz spaced arrayed-waveguide grating(AWG) with our innovative configuration has been designed and fabricated.The performance of the device has been fully tested by using a system that consists of a tunable laser light source (TLS), an optical power meter and a polarization controller.The insertion loss (IS) of the device is 4.2-7.4 dB.The crosstalk is about -28 dB.The IS uniformity is less than 3.3 dB.With our configuration,the performance of the device has been enhanced effectively and the difficulty in alignment process has been decreased obviously.
文摘Objerctive: To introduce the current status of implementing sexually transmitted infection (STIs)syndromic management in China. Methods: Data werecollected and analyzed from the literature. Possiblesolutions were suggested for the obstacles encountered inthe implementation process. Results: Validation of revised flowcharts for themanagement of three syndromes (urethritis, vaginaldischarge, and genital ulcers) has been conducted in China.The feasibility, effectiveness and acceptance of using asyndromic STI approach were investigated in a large studyin Hainan, Zhejiang and Hubei Provinces. Chief obstaclesto implementation included the following: lack of supportfrom government authorities; negative reaction by hospitals;lack of critical thinking and innovation; perceivedover-emphasis on treatment at the expense of prevention;and lack of coverage for several important pathogens withintreatment algorithms. Possible solutions may include policyadvocacy, adopting syndromic management into a Chinesecontext, ssemination and promotion, training of providers, encouraging use of syndromic approach, and conductingoperational rescarch. Conclusions: Syndromic STI management provides afeasible approach for the diagnosis and treatment of STIs inChina. Further efforts should be made for scaling up itsapplication in clinical settings.
基金This work was supported by the Chinese National Science Foundation under Grant 51275373 and the Chinese Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University under Grant 2012-IV -019.
文摘This paper presents the testing results of three types of fire detectors： electrical heat sensing cable, optical fiber Raman temperature sensing detector, and optical fiber Bragg grating （FBG） temperature sensing detector, in two simulated fire scenes in a cable tunnel. In the small-scale fire with limited thermal radiation and no flame, the fire alarm only comes from the heat sensors which directly contact with the heat source. In the large-scale fire with about 5 ℃/min temperature rising speed within a 3-m span, the fire alarm response time of the fiber Raman sensor and FBG sensors was about 30 seconds. The test results can be further used for formulating regulation for early fire detection in cable tunnels.
