朱熹道德伦理学说建构初探

通过对朱熹伦理学说建构中具有重要意义的几个环节的分析 (如从学李侗、《近思录》编纂、鹅湖之会、《四书章句集注》完成等),阐发朱熹道德伦理学说形成的基本过程和基本框架,即:朱熹道德伦理学说的出发点是解决求为圣贤与做圣贤难之间的矛盾;其道德伦理学说建构的起点是对“未发已发”问题的探索;其伦理学说的基本框架是:围绕“成德目标”(理想人格)对“成德工夫”作重点阐发,形成以解决本体论问题为前提、突出道德认知、致知与力行并重的道德伦理学说。

“哲学”与“经学”之争:中国传统伦理的历史拐点

中国传统经学的根本特征在于包含一套完整的伦理道德学说,它是中国传统学术体系的统领和灵魂。20世纪初期,西方哲学被纳入中国学术体系,并取代经学成为中国知识体系的统领;中国学术体系至此被逐渐全盘西化,中国知识体系原有的伦理道德品格也逐渐消失。中西文化具有截然不同的特征:西方学者可以一方面在知识体系之中进行科学研究,另一方面去教堂获得伦理道德素养;而中国学界的伦理道德品质并无宗教信仰可以依托,因此,剥去知识体系的伦理道德品格就从根本上为中国学界的道德大滑坡埋下了伏笔,而且其不良后果在当代已经清晰地显现出来了。中国知识体系需要重构,恢复伦理道德学说(不一定是照搬传统经学)的统领与灵魂地位。

Love Is As Ethical Love Does

In their article ＂Love Is As Ethical Love Does＂, CHEN Xi and SH1 Xuan discuss Toni Morrison＇s Love and assert that this novel is essentially an ethical tragedy of black women. From the perspective of ethical literary criticism, they analyze the dislocated ethical identity of the two main heroines and alignment of their ethical choices to illustrate that other than race and gender, Heed＇s and Christine＇s tragedies originate from their uncontrollable irrational willJ Moreover, this novel lays stress on love regarded from an ethical perspective, illuminating ＂we choose to love＂, that is, to love while bearing in mind the importance of ethical order and moral norms. Thus, this novel offers moral enlightenment for black women in the process of pursuing love, equality and of reconstructing their ethical identity.