The inheritance of aroma of GHS was studied by crossing GHS with non-aromatic lines 9311, Xianhui 207, Yuefengzhan, Taihuangzhan, Yuexiangzhan and aromatic lines Yuxiangyouzhan, Xiangwanxian 17, Tianlongxiang 103, Xin...The inheritance of aroma of GHS was studied by crossing GHS with non-aromatic lines 9311, Xianhui 207, Yuefengzhan, Taihuangzhan, Yuexiangzhan and aromatic lines Yuxiangyouzhan, Xiangwanxian 17, Tianlongxiang 103, Xinwanxiang and Chuangxiang 5. For the grains of F1 generation, the performance of aroma was tested by chewing method, while for the plants of generations of F1, F2 and BC1 F1, the performance of aroma was tested by KOH solution method. The results showed that the non-aroma of restorer line is a dominant trait, but the aroma of GHS line is a recessive trait; the aroma genes of GHS, Yuexiangzhan and Xiangwanxian 17 were non-al elic; the aroma genes of GHS, Yuxiangyouzhan, Tianlongxiang 103, Xin-wanxiang and Chuangxiang 5 may have the same al elic loci. Among the combinations of GHS and non-aromatic restorer lines, the non-aromatic to aromatic ratios of the F2 plants and the BC1 F1 plants were 3∶1 and 1∶1, respectively, and the inheritance of aroma of GHS was control ed by a pair of recessive nuclear genes. In hybrid rice breeding, using GHS, Qiongxiang S has been bred out, and a series of aro-matic hybrid rice combinations have also been selected. Among the hybrid combi-nations, Qiongxiangliangyou 1, Qiongxiangliangyou 2 and other high-yielding and high-quality combinations have been approved by provincial government, and they have good application prospects.展开更多
Intramuscular fat （IMF）, an important flavor precursor of porcine meat, is closely related to pork quality traits such as pH, color, tenderness, water-holding capacity （WHC） and juiciness, and thus is one of the i...Intramuscular fat （IMF）, an important flavor precursor of porcine meat, is closely related to pork quality traits such as pH, color, tenderness, water-holding capacity （WHC） and juiciness, and thus is one of the important factors affecting pork quality. Pork IMF content is not only associated with swine breed on heredity, but also influenced by the alteration of nutrients in diet. These may give a possibility for researchers to improve the IMF content and pork quality by their work on swine breed or heredity, and nutrition regulation in diet. Therefore, this article summarizes the effects of swine breed and nutrition regulation on IMF content briefly to provide some information for future researches.展开更多
To improve grain quality of the high-yielding hybrid rice in China, we introduced the aromatic rice MR365, an improved Indian cultivar, from IRRI in 1984 and began to transfer its aroma and good quality characters int...To improve grain quality of the high-yielding hybrid rice in China, we introduced the aromatic rice MR365, an improved Indian cultivar, from IRRI in 1984 and began to transfer its aroma and good quality characters into the existing maintainer lines. In the meantime, the research on the inheritance of aroma for increasing the breeding efficiency was also conducted.It was found that the inheritance of aroma in MR 365 and its derivatives was controlled by one pair of recessive major genes based on the KOH-soaking method. There existed disparity in aroma degree among different grains of F2 generation, and different aromatic CMS lines derived from the same aromatic donor had also a little difference in the degree of aroma, which implies that, besides the major genes, aroma may also be affected by the genetic backgrounds or minor genes.Xiangxiang 2A, developed from the cross of V20A//V20B/MR365, is the first aromatic CMS line bred in China. It is not only aromatic but also has good grain quality and combining ability. Using it as female parent, Xiangyou 63 (Xiangxiang 2A / Minghui 63), the first quasi-aromatic hybrid rice combination in China, was developed, and released to farmers in 1995. Xiangyou 63 is characteristic of quasi-aromatic or partially aromatic (because only a portion of or not all grains are aromatic), good grain quality, high-yielding ability, good blast resistance and wide adaptability.展开更多
基金Supported by Province-City Joint Funds of Natural Science of Hunan Province(14JJ5025)Key Program of Hengyang City(2011KZ15,2013KN01)+1 种基金General Program of Hengyang City(2010KN02)Hengyang Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Rice Industry Technology System(CARS-01-03A)~~
文摘The inheritance of aroma of GHS was studied by crossing GHS with non-aromatic lines 9311, Xianhui 207, Yuefengzhan, Taihuangzhan, Yuexiangzhan and aromatic lines Yuxiangyouzhan, Xiangwanxian 17, Tianlongxiang 103, Xinwanxiang and Chuangxiang 5. For the grains of F1 generation, the performance of aroma was tested by chewing method, while for the plants of generations of F1, F2 and BC1 F1, the performance of aroma was tested by KOH solution method. The results showed that the non-aroma of restorer line is a dominant trait, but the aroma of GHS line is a recessive trait; the aroma genes of GHS, Yuexiangzhan and Xiangwanxian 17 were non-al elic; the aroma genes of GHS, Yuxiangyouzhan, Tianlongxiang 103, Xin-wanxiang and Chuangxiang 5 may have the same al elic loci. Among the combinations of GHS and non-aromatic restorer lines, the non-aromatic to aromatic ratios of the F2 plants and the BC1 F1 plants were 3∶1 and 1∶1, respectively, and the inheritance of aroma of GHS was control ed by a pair of recessive nuclear genes. In hybrid rice breeding, using GHS, Qiongxiang S has been bred out, and a series of aro-matic hybrid rice combinations have also been selected. Among the hybrid combi-nations, Qiongxiangliangyou 1, Qiongxiangliangyou 2 and other high-yielding and high-quality combinations have been approved by provincial government, and they have good application prospects.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Bureau of Aquatic Products and Animal Husbandry(GYMK201452035 and GYMK1304510)~~
文摘Intramuscular fat （IMF）, an important flavor precursor of porcine meat, is closely related to pork quality traits such as pH, color, tenderness, water-holding capacity （WHC） and juiciness, and thus is one of the important factors affecting pork quality. Pork IMF content is not only associated with swine breed on heredity, but also influenced by the alteration of nutrients in diet. These may give a possibility for researchers to improve the IMF content and pork quality by their work on swine breed or heredity, and nutrition regulation in diet. Therefore, this article summarizes the effects of swine breed and nutrition regulation on IMF content briefly to provide some information for future researches.
文摘To improve grain quality of the high-yielding hybrid rice in China, we introduced the aromatic rice MR365, an improved Indian cultivar, from IRRI in 1984 and began to transfer its aroma and good quality characters into the existing maintainer lines. In the meantime, the research on the inheritance of aroma for increasing the breeding efficiency was also conducted.It was found that the inheritance of aroma in MR 365 and its derivatives was controlled by one pair of recessive major genes based on the KOH-soaking method. There existed disparity in aroma degree among different grains of F2 generation, and different aromatic CMS lines derived from the same aromatic donor had also a little difference in the degree of aroma, which implies that, besides the major genes, aroma may also be affected by the genetic backgrounds or minor genes.Xiangxiang 2A, developed from the cross of V20A//V20B/MR365, is the first aromatic CMS line bred in China. It is not only aromatic but also has good grain quality and combining ability. Using it as female parent, Xiangyou 63 (Xiangxiang 2A / Minghui 63), the first quasi-aromatic hybrid rice combination in China, was developed, and released to farmers in 1995. Xiangyou 63 is characteristic of quasi-aromatic or partially aromatic (because only a portion of or not all grains are aromatic), good grain quality, high-yielding ability, good blast resistance and wide adaptability.
