为了描述城市区域水文过程,该文利用中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所开发的分布式水文模型Simulating Model for Urban Water Cycle(URMOD),以北京市四环路以内区域为例对不同下垫面蒸散发量进行了模拟计算。结果表明,城市区透水区...为了描述城市区域水文过程,该文利用中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所开发的分布式水文模型Simulating Model for Urban Water Cycle(URMOD),以北京市四环路以内区域为例对不同下垫面蒸散发量进行了模拟计算。结果表明,城市区透水区域和不透水区域的蒸散发规律有很大差别,模拟期2002-2005年,草地、林地和水面的年均蒸散发量分别为578.4、571.2和1130.5mm,而不透水区域的年均蒸散发为161.0～269.1mm。将模拟蒸散发量和遥感反演数据进行对比,模拟月蒸散发数据系列与遥感反演结果吻合度很好。该模型可以有效模拟城市区实际蒸散发量。展开更多
This study compares the aerosol optical depth (AOD) Level 2 Collection 5 products from the Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) with ground-based measurements from a Microtops II sun p...This study compares the aerosol optical depth (AOD) Level 2 Collection 5 products from the Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) with ground-based measurements from a Microtops II sun photometer over Sanya (18.23°N,109.52°E),a tropical coastal site in China,from July 2005 to June 2006.The results indicate that the Terra and Aqua MODIS AOD retrievals at 550 nm have good correlations with the measurements from the Microtops II sun photometer.The correlation coefficients for the linear regression fits (R2) are 0.83 for Terra and 0.78 for Aqua,and the regressed intercepts are near zero (0.005 for Terra,0.009 for Aqua).However,the Terra and Aqua MODIS are found to consistently underestimate AOD with respect to the Microtops II sun photometer,with slope values of 0.805 (Terra) and 0.767 (Aqua).The comparison of the monthly mean AOD indicates that for each month,the Terra and Aqua MODIS retrievals are matched with corresponding Microtops measurements but are systematically less than those of the Microtops.This validation study indicates that the Terra and Aqua MODIS AOD retrievals can adequately characterize the AOD distributions over the tropical coastal region of China,but further efforts to eliminate systematic errors are needed.展开更多
With increasing urbanization and agricultural expansion, large tracts of wetlands have been either disturbed or converted to other uses. To protect wetlands, accurate distribution maps are needed. However, because of ...With increasing urbanization and agricultural expansion, large tracts of wetlands have been either disturbed or converted to other uses. To protect wetlands, accurate distribution maps are needed. However, because of the dramatic diversity of wetlands and difficulties in field work, wetland mapping on a large spatial scale is very difficult to do. Until recently there were only a few high resolution global wetland distribution datasets developed for wetland protection and restoration. In this paper, we used hydrologic and climatic variables in combination with Compound Topographic Index （CTI） data in modeling the average annual water table depth at 30 arc-second grids over the continental areas of the world except for Antarctica. The water table depth data were modeled without considering influences of anthropogenic activities. We adopted a relationship between poten- tial wetland distribution and water table depth to develop the global wetland suitability distribution dataset. The modeling re- suits showed that the total area of global wetland reached 3.316× 10^7 km^2. Remote-sensing-based validation based on a compi- lation of wetland areas from multiple sources indicates that the overall accuracy of our product is 83.7%. This result can be used as the basis for mapping the actual global wetland distribution. Because the modeling process did not account for the im- pact of anthropogenic water management such as irrigation and reservoir construction over suitable wetland areas, our result represents the upper bound of wetland areas when compared with some other global wetland datasets. Our method requires relatively fewer datasets and has a higher accuracy than a recently developed global wetland dataset.展开更多
文摘为了描述城市区域水文过程,该文利用中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所开发的分布式水文模型Simulating Model for Urban Water Cycle(URMOD),以北京市四环路以内区域为例对不同下垫面蒸散发量进行了模拟计算。结果表明,城市区透水区域和不透水区域的蒸散发规律有很大差别,模拟期2002-2005年,草地、林地和水面的年均蒸散发量分别为578.4、571.2和1130.5mm,而不透水区域的年均蒸散发为161.0～269.1mm。将模拟蒸散发量和遥感反演数据进行对比,模拟月蒸散发数据系列与遥感反演结果吻合度很好。该模型可以有效模拟城市区实际蒸散发量。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2006CB 403702)
文摘This study compares the aerosol optical depth (AOD) Level 2 Collection 5 products from the Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) with ground-based measurements from a Microtops II sun photometer over Sanya (18.23°N,109.52°E),a tropical coastal site in China,from July 2005 to June 2006.The results indicate that the Terra and Aqua MODIS AOD retrievals at 550 nm have good correlations with the measurements from the Microtops II sun photometer.The correlation coefficients for the linear regression fits (R2) are 0.83 for Terra and 0.78 for Aqua,and the regressed intercepts are near zero (0.005 for Terra,0.009 for Aqua).However,the Terra and Aqua MODIS are found to consistently underestimate AOD with respect to the Microtops II sun photometer,with slope values of 0.805 (Terra) and 0.767 (Aqua).The comparison of the monthly mean AOD indicates that for each month,the Terra and Aqua MODIS retrievals are matched with corresponding Microtops measurements but are systematically less than those of the Microtops.This validation study indicates that the Terra and Aqua MODIS AOD retrievals can adequately characterize the AOD distributions over the tropical coastal region of China,but further efforts to eliminate systematic errors are needed.
基金supported by National High-tech R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2009AA12200101)
文摘With increasing urbanization and agricultural expansion, large tracts of wetlands have been either disturbed or converted to other uses. To protect wetlands, accurate distribution maps are needed. However, because of the dramatic diversity of wetlands and difficulties in field work, wetland mapping on a large spatial scale is very difficult to do. Until recently there were only a few high resolution global wetland distribution datasets developed for wetland protection and restoration. In this paper, we used hydrologic and climatic variables in combination with Compound Topographic Index （CTI） data in modeling the average annual water table depth at 30 arc-second grids over the continental areas of the world except for Antarctica. The water table depth data were modeled without considering influences of anthropogenic activities. We adopted a relationship between poten- tial wetland distribution and water table depth to develop the global wetland suitability distribution dataset. The modeling re- suits showed that the total area of global wetland reached 3.316× 10^7 km^2. Remote-sensing-based validation based on a compi- lation of wetland areas from multiple sources indicates that the overall accuracy of our product is 83.7%. This result can be used as the basis for mapping the actual global wetland distribution. Because the modeling process did not account for the im- pact of anthropogenic water management such as irrigation and reservoir construction over suitable wetland areas, our result represents the upper bound of wetland areas when compared with some other global wetland datasets. Our method requires relatively fewer datasets and has a higher accuracy than a recently developed global wetland dataset.
