The kinetics of catalytic hydrogenation of ortho-nitrochlorobenzene to 2,2′-dichloroazoxybenzene on platinum/carbon catalyst is investigated in a slurry reactor with the temperature range of 313-343 K, and orthochlor...The kinetics of catalytic hydrogenation of ortho-nitrochlorobenzene to 2,2′-dichloroazoxybenzene on platinum/carbon catalyst is investigated in a slurry reactor with the temperature range of 313-343 K, and orthochloroaniline is formed as a byproduct. Models based on Rideal-Eley and Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism have been proposed based on the rate data and the kinetic regime. The former model can be used to fit the experimental data better. Reaction controlling steps are physical adsorption of hydrogen and adsorbed ortho-nitrochlorobenzene reacted on the surface of catalyst.展开更多
Abstract A new mixer-settler-mixer three chamber integrated extractor is proposed in this work for liquid-liquid- liquid three phase countercurrent and continuous extraction. Experiments revealed the influences of the...Abstract A new mixer-settler-mixer three chamber integrated extractor is proposed in this work for liquid-liquid- liquid three phase countercurrent and continuous extraction. Experiments revealed the influences of the structural design of the three-liquid-phase extractor and some key operational parameters on three-phase partition of two phenolic isomers, p-nitrophenol （p-NP） and o-nitrophenol （o-NP）. The model three-liquid-phase extraction system used here is nonane （organic top-plaase）-polyethylene glycol （PEG 20UU） （polymer mlddle-phase）-（NH4）2SO4 aqueous solution （aqueous bottom-phase）. It is indicated that agitating speed and retention time in three-phase mixer are key parameters to extraction fraction of nitrophenol. Dispersion band behavior is related to agitating intensity, and its occurrence does not affect the extraction fraction of target compounds. The present work highlights the possibility of a feasible approach of scaling up of the proposed three-phase extraction apparatus for future in- dustrial-aimed applications.展开更多
A single adsorption isothermal study was performed over HY and BEA zeolites in order to determine their adsorption capacities for phenol, ortho-nitrophenol and para-nitrophenol. The experiments were realized in batch ...A single adsorption isothermal study was performed over HY and BEA zeolites in order to determine their adsorption capacities for phenol, ortho-nitrophenol and para-nitrophenol. The experiments were realized in batch reactor and the isotherms were modelized by the Fowler-Guggenheim equation. During the adsorption process weak zeolite-sorbate interactions and more significant sorbate-sorbate attractions were identified. The adsorption was not linked to the molecular size of the sorbates and a strong correlation was established between the adsorption compound was the best adsorbed. The removal performances capacities and the dipole moments of the sorbates. The most polar of the zeolites depended on their hydrophobicity.展开更多
Isolation of new bacterial strains and recognition of their metabolic activities are highly desirable for sustainability of natural ecosystems. Biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate （DMP） under anoxic conditions has ...Isolation of new bacterial strains and recognition of their metabolic activities are highly desirable for sustainability of natural ecosystems. Biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate （DMP） under anoxic conditions has been shown to occur as a series of sequential steps using strain CW-1 isolated from digested sludge of Sibao Wastewater Treatment Plant in Hangzhou, China. The microbial colony on LB medium was yellowish, 3-5 mm in diameter, convex in the center, and embedded in mucous externally. The individual cells of strain CW-1 are irregular rods, measuring （0.6-0.7）×（0.9-1.0） pm, V-shaped, with clubbed ends, Gram positive and without any filaments. 16S rDNA （ 1438 bp） sequence analysis showed that the strain was related to Arthrobacter sp. CW-1 and can degrade PAEs utilizing nitrate as electron acceptor, but cannot mineralize DMP completely. The degradation pathway was recommended as： dimethyl phthalate （DMP）→monomethyl phthalate （MMP）--,phthalic acid （PA）. DMP biodegradation was a first order reaction with degradation rate constant of 0.3033 d 1 and half-life 2.25 d. The DMP conversion to PA by CW-1 could be described by using sequential kinetic model.展开更多
The title compound [HphenNO2]+NO3- has been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, electronic absorption spectroscopy, TG/DTA, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectro- scopy. Single-crystal X-ray structure determination...The title compound [HphenNO2]+NO3- has been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, electronic absorption spectroscopy, TG/DTA, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectro- scopy. Single-crystal X-ray structure determination of the title compound was also carried out. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group Cc with a = 13.861(3), b = 10.142(2), c = 8.7320(17) ? b = 103.70(3)? C12H8N4O5, Mr = 288.22, V = 1192.6(4) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.605 g/cm3 , F(000) = 592, (MoK) = 0.129 mm-1, R = 0.0439, wR = 0.1125 and GOF =1.114. In the crystal lattice, the molecules create a network structure through hydrogen bonds. The second order optical non- linearity was performed by quantum chemical method, showing the title compound has higher molecular hyper polarizability value (?= 24.66×10-30 esu).展开更多
2-Methyl-4-methoxyaniline （MMA） was synthesized by one-pot method through the hydrogenation and Bamberger rearrangement of o-nitrotoluene in methanol using acidic ionic liquid and 3% Pt/C as catalyst system. The eff...2-Methyl-4-methoxyaniline （MMA） was synthesized by one-pot method through the hydrogenation and Bamberger rearrangement of o-nitrotoluene in methanol using acidic ionic liquid and 3% Pt/C as catalyst system. The effects of ionic liquid type, dosage of ionic liquid and 3% Pt/C, reaction temperature and reaction pressure on o-nitrotoluene conversion and MMA selectivity were investigated. The results indicated that the imidazolium-based acidic ionic liquid which contains SO3H-functionalized cation showed higher selectivity to MMA than other acidic ionic liquids used in this work. Using 1-（propyl-3-sulfonate）-3-methylimidazolium hydrosulfate （[HSO3-pmim][HSO4]） as the acid catalyst, the selectivity to MMA was as high as 67.6% at 97.8% of o-nitrotoluene conversion. As 3% Pt/C increased from 0.01 g to 0.025 g, the selectivity to MMA decreased from 73.4% to 62.5%, because of the hydrogenation of intermediate o-methyl-phenylhydroxylamine to o-toluidine becoming more dominant. An increase in hydrogen pressure also had obviously dramatic effect in lowering the MMA selectivity. After easy separation from the products, the catalyst system could be reused at least 3 times.展开更多
O-nitro-phenol wastewater which contains refractory organic matters can not be degraded by conventional biological methods. In this work, o-nitro-phenol wastewater was effectively treated using magnetization-enhanced ...O-nitro-phenol wastewater which contains refractory organic matters can not be degraded by conventional biological methods. In this work, o-nitro-phenol wastewater was effectively treated using magnetization-enhanced oxidation by NaCIO solutions. The pollutant concentrations in wastewater were 250 mg/L o-nitro-phenol, 2,000 mg/L CODcr and 150 times color. The experimental results show that, using the method in this work, 94.4% o-nitro-phenol, 94.2% CODCr and 100% color can be removed at pH 6, 200 mg charcoal, 8 mL oxidizer, 5 min reaction time in 1000 mL wastewater. The treatment can be enhanced under magnetic field. CODCr and o-nitro-phenol removal can keep unchanged while the reaction time can be reduced to 3 min when the intensity of magnetic field was 60 mT.展开更多
文摘The kinetics of catalytic hydrogenation of ortho-nitrochlorobenzene to 2,2′-dichloroazoxybenzene on platinum/carbon catalyst is investigated in a slurry reactor with the temperature range of 313-343 K, and orthochloroaniline is formed as a byproduct. Models based on Rideal-Eley and Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism have been proposed based on the rate data and the kinetic regime. The former model can be used to fit the experimental data better. Reaction controlling steps are physical adsorption of hydrogen and adsorbed ortho-nitrochlorobenzene reacted on the surface of catalyst.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51074150,21027004)the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CBA01203,2007CB613507)the Innovative Research Group Science Fund (20221603)
文摘Abstract A new mixer-settler-mixer three chamber integrated extractor is proposed in this work for liquid-liquid- liquid three phase countercurrent and continuous extraction. Experiments revealed the influences of the structural design of the three-liquid-phase extractor and some key operational parameters on three-phase partition of two phenolic isomers, p-nitrophenol （p-NP） and o-nitrophenol （o-NP）. The model three-liquid-phase extraction system used here is nonane （organic top-plaase）-polyethylene glycol （PEG 20UU） （polymer mlddle-phase）-（NH4）2SO4 aqueous solution （aqueous bottom-phase）. It is indicated that agitating speed and retention time in three-phase mixer are key parameters to extraction fraction of nitrophenol. Dispersion band behavior is related to agitating intensity, and its occurrence does not affect the extraction fraction of target compounds. The present work highlights the possibility of a feasible approach of scaling up of the proposed three-phase extraction apparatus for future in- dustrial-aimed applications.
文摘A single adsorption isothermal study was performed over HY and BEA zeolites in order to determine their adsorption capacities for phenol, ortho-nitrophenol and para-nitrophenol. The experiments were realized in batch reactor and the isotherms were modelized by the Fowler-Guggenheim equation. During the adsorption process weak zeolite-sorbate interactions and more significant sorbate-sorbate attractions were identified. The adsorption was not linked to the molecular size of the sorbates and a strong correlation was established between the adsorption compound was the best adsorbed. The removal performances capacities and the dipole moments of the sorbates. The most polar of the zeolites depended on their hydrophobicity.
文摘Isolation of new bacterial strains and recognition of their metabolic activities are highly desirable for sustainability of natural ecosystems. Biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate （DMP） under anoxic conditions has been shown to occur as a series of sequential steps using strain CW-1 isolated from digested sludge of Sibao Wastewater Treatment Plant in Hangzhou, China. The microbial colony on LB medium was yellowish, 3-5 mm in diameter, convex in the center, and embedded in mucous externally. The individual cells of strain CW-1 are irregular rods, measuring （0.6-0.7）×（0.9-1.0） pm, V-shaped, with clubbed ends, Gram positive and without any filaments. 16S rDNA （ 1438 bp） sequence analysis showed that the strain was related to Arthrobacter sp. CW-1 and can degrade PAEs utilizing nitrate as electron acceptor, but cannot mineralize DMP completely. The degradation pathway was recommended as： dimethyl phthalate （DMP）→monomethyl phthalate （MMP）--,phthalic acid （PA）. DMP biodegradation was a first order reaction with degradation rate constant of 0.3033 d 1 and half-life 2.25 d. The DMP conversion to PA by CW-1 could be described by using sequential kinetic model.
文摘The title compound [HphenNO2]+NO3- has been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, electronic absorption spectroscopy, TG/DTA, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectro- scopy. Single-crystal X-ray structure determination of the title compound was also carried out. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group Cc with a = 13.861(3), b = 10.142(2), c = 8.7320(17) ? b = 103.70(3)? C12H8N4O5, Mr = 288.22, V = 1192.6(4) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.605 g/cm3 , F(000) = 592, (MoK) = 0.129 mm-1, R = 0.0439, wR = 0.1125 and GOF =1.114. In the crystal lattice, the molecules create a network structure through hydrogen bonds. The second order optical non- linearity was performed by quantum chemical method, showing the title compound has higher molecular hyper polarizability value (?= 24.66×10-30 esu).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （21106134） and the Natural Science Foundation of Zlaejlang Province （Y4100671）.
文摘2-Methyl-4-methoxyaniline （MMA） was synthesized by one-pot method through the hydrogenation and Bamberger rearrangement of o-nitrotoluene in methanol using acidic ionic liquid and 3% Pt/C as catalyst system. The effects of ionic liquid type, dosage of ionic liquid and 3% Pt/C, reaction temperature and reaction pressure on o-nitrotoluene conversion and MMA selectivity were investigated. The results indicated that the imidazolium-based acidic ionic liquid which contains SO3H-functionalized cation showed higher selectivity to MMA than other acidic ionic liquids used in this work. Using 1-（propyl-3-sulfonate）-3-methylimidazolium hydrosulfate （[HSO3-pmim][HSO4]） as the acid catalyst, the selectivity to MMA was as high as 67.6% at 97.8% of o-nitrotoluene conversion. As 3% Pt/C increased from 0.01 g to 0.025 g, the selectivity to MMA decreased from 73.4% to 62.5%, because of the hydrogenation of intermediate o-methyl-phenylhydroxylamine to o-toluidine becoming more dominant. An increase in hydrogen pressure also had obviously dramatic effect in lowering the MMA selectivity. After easy separation from the products, the catalyst system could be reused at least 3 times.
文摘O-nitro-phenol wastewater which contains refractory organic matters can not be degraded by conventional biological methods. In this work, o-nitro-phenol wastewater was effectively treated using magnetization-enhanced oxidation by NaCIO solutions. The pollutant concentrations in wastewater were 250 mg/L o-nitro-phenol, 2,000 mg/L CODcr and 150 times color. The experimental results show that, using the method in this work, 94.4% o-nitro-phenol, 94.2% CODCr and 100% color can be removed at pH 6, 200 mg charcoal, 8 mL oxidizer, 5 min reaction time in 1000 mL wastewater. The treatment can be enhanced under magnetic field. CODCr and o-nitro-phenol removal can keep unchanged while the reaction time can be reduced to 3 min when the intensity of magnetic field was 60 mT.
