自理模式护理在甲状腺功能亢进症的应用

自理模式是美国的护理专家Dorothea Elizabeth Orem创立的护理理论。Drem认为。在正常情况下，人们有能力实施自理．以满足治疗性自理需要和自理总需求。病人有自理缺陷。需要护士进行护理帮助。根据病人自理能力的不同。护士给予完全补偿系统、部分补偿系统和支持教育系统．以提高病人的自我护理能力。甲状腺功能亢进症（简称甲亢）是由于多种病因导致甲状腺功能增高，甲状腺激素分泌过多的内分泌疾病。甲亢具有长期性、反复性，需长期用药。在甲亢较长的病程中，通过一系列的健康教育，能提高病人自我监测、自我护理的能力，

自我护理理论模式在我国临床护理的应用现状

自理模式是美国著名的护理理论家Dorothea E.Orem在1971年〈护理：实践的概念〉一书中正式提出了自我护理（self-care）理论.Orem认为,护理是预防自理缺陷发展并为有自理缺陷者提供治疗性自理的活动,它是一种服务,一种助人方式.她提出了三种护理系统即完全补偿系统、部分补偿系统、辅助教育系统.护理活动是以自理活动这一概念为基础,随着个体健康状况的恢复或当个体已学会如何进行自理时,个体对护理的需要也就逐渐减少或消失.该理论在实践中经过不断的发展和完善,现已逐渐受到人们的重视,并适应了现代医学模式的转变.但在应用中仍存在亟待解决的问题.现就Orem自理模式在我国临床护理的应用状况进行综述和分析,提出相应的对策,进一步促进其应用和发展.

Importance measure based optimal maintenance policy for deteriorating components

An optimal maintenance policy tor deteriorating components based on quasi renew-process model is presented. In this policy, the first N - 1 failures of a component are maintained by repairs and the N＇h failure is maintained by replacement. The policy takes replacement actions at component lev- el by considering the fact that more and more components are designed to be field replaceable and maintenance activities are setting free from system halt. Concerning system structure impact, impor- tance measure is employed in the optimization procedure which aims at maximizing the long-rnn prof- it per unit time. Two example series parallel systems are taken to illustrate the policy and it is proved to work well. According to importance analysis, components are classified into important ones and unimportant ones based on the system behavior under their failures. Simulation results show that the presented policy makes a clear distinction between them and takes effective mainte- nance actions to compensate the deteriorating of components.

Orem自理理论在脑出血病人术后恢复期的应用

目的 :降低脑出血病人术后致残率 ,提高生活自理能力及生存质量。方法 :应用Orem自理理论评估病人及其家属的自理能力 ,采用不同的护理系统及健康教育 ,让病人及其家属共同参与护理活动。术后 1个月、3个月采用Barthel指数对病人进行日常生活能力 (ADL)评定。结果 :本组术后 3个月自理能力较术后 1个月显著提高 ,并明显高于综合文献报道的脑出血术后功能恢复情况。结论 :将Orem自理理论用于脑出血病人术后恢复期的护理 ,可降低致残率 。