The Asar va Ahyā’is a manual of agricultural production written in the early fourteenth century by the famous Iranian vizier and scholar Rashīd al-Dīn.Only chapter 6 to chapter 13 of the original work survive,deal...The Asar va Ahyā’is a manual of agricultural production written in the early fourteenth century by the famous Iranian vizier and scholar Rashīd al-Dīn.Only chapter 6 to chapter 13 of the original work survive,dealing with agriculture and horticulture,and nearly a third of the pages of which are devoted to introducing Chinese plants and related knowledge.In addition to introducing botanical knowledge,the book also covered information on all the aspects of the Yuan dynasty(1271–1368),including the taxation system,monetary system,military system,economy and trade,manufacturing techniques,ethnic customs,food culture,and other fields,providing important materials for research on the dissemination of species,exchange of technologies,communication of ethnic groups,and integration of cultures between China and the world during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.Rashīd al-Dīn,the book’s author,took advantage of his identities as a statesman and a businessman to collect rich information about plants all over the world.Motivated by his specific interest in Chinese culture,he included a huge amount of Chinese information in the book.Meanwhile,records in the Asar va Asyā’reflect the author’s practice of researching,planting,and cultivating plants,making the book not only a compilation of agricultural knowledge,but also a report that recorded the author’s agricultural practice.展开更多
Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh is one of the most overpopulated city in the world and traffic jam is the most severe and regular affliction in the daily life. Also, the existing vehicles are not sufficient in c...Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh is one of the most overpopulated city in the world and traffic jam is the most severe and regular affliction in the daily life. Also, the existing vehicles are not sufficient in compared to the population of the city. People have to spend many hours simply sitting in the traffic jam. This lessens the productivity of people and brings sufferings to them. Gulshan-Banani-HatirJheel area is the busiest regions within the city and face severe traffic jam during working hours. These lakes are totally unused. Therefore, there is a possibility to build a waterways network for passengers transport through these lakes. This will reduce the affliction of people via reducing traffic jam. The proposed transportation networks will also preserve the natural environment of the lakes and bring a source of entertainment in the city life. Many developed cities in the world like London, New York, Paris, Venice, Shanghai etc. already have implemented waterways network inside the city and successfully made the best use of cistern side.展开更多
Luanda bay has been acting as a sink for the untreated municipal and industrial effluents from a part of the city. Sediment samples were analyzed for their total organic carbon contents and pseudo-total concentrations...Luanda bay has been acting as a sink for the untreated municipal and industrial effluents from a part of the city. Sediment samples were analyzed for their total organic carbon contents and pseudo-total concentrations ofFe, Mn, Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr The highest concentrations of organic carbon and Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn were found near the sewerage discharge outlets, exceeding in these points the lowest Sediment Quality Guidelines for the occurrence of adverse biological effects. A further study, based on the latest version of the BCR sequential extraction procedure, was undertaken in order to assess the physical/chemical binding and bioavailability ofFe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in these sediments. The toxic metals Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu pose a potential environmental risk, because they were extracted from the sediment labile fractions in concentrations that exceeded the corresponding ERL （Effects Range Low） values, entering the range within which adverse biological effects occur. The non-residual fractions of metals ranged from 91 to 100% for Cd, 89 to 94% for Zn, 67 to 100% for Pb, 71 to 82% for Cu, 30 to 77% for Mn and 39 to 48% for Fe. Measures to be taken for the disposal of the polluted dredged sediments are shown in this work.展开更多
文摘The Asar va Ahyā’is a manual of agricultural production written in the early fourteenth century by the famous Iranian vizier and scholar Rashīd al-Dīn.Only chapter 6 to chapter 13 of the original work survive,dealing with agriculture and horticulture,and nearly a third of the pages of which are devoted to introducing Chinese plants and related knowledge.In addition to introducing botanical knowledge,the book also covered information on all the aspects of the Yuan dynasty(1271–1368),including the taxation system,monetary system,military system,economy and trade,manufacturing techniques,ethnic customs,food culture,and other fields,providing important materials for research on the dissemination of species,exchange of technologies,communication of ethnic groups,and integration of cultures between China and the world during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.Rashīd al-Dīn,the book’s author,took advantage of his identities as a statesman and a businessman to collect rich information about plants all over the world.Motivated by his specific interest in Chinese culture,he included a huge amount of Chinese information in the book.Meanwhile,records in the Asar va Asyā’reflect the author’s practice of researching,planting,and cultivating plants,making the book not only a compilation of agricultural knowledge,but also a report that recorded the author’s agricultural practice.
文摘Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh is one of the most overpopulated city in the world and traffic jam is the most severe and regular affliction in the daily life. Also, the existing vehicles are not sufficient in compared to the population of the city. People have to spend many hours simply sitting in the traffic jam. This lessens the productivity of people and brings sufferings to them. Gulshan-Banani-HatirJheel area is the busiest regions within the city and face severe traffic jam during working hours. These lakes are totally unused. Therefore, there is a possibility to build a waterways network for passengers transport through these lakes. This will reduce the affliction of people via reducing traffic jam. The proposed transportation networks will also preserve the natural environment of the lakes and bring a source of entertainment in the city life. Many developed cities in the world like London, New York, Paris, Venice, Shanghai etc. already have implemented waterways network inside the city and successfully made the best use of cistern side.
文摘Luanda bay has been acting as a sink for the untreated municipal and industrial effluents from a part of the city. Sediment samples were analyzed for their total organic carbon contents and pseudo-total concentrations ofFe, Mn, Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr The highest concentrations of organic carbon and Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn were found near the sewerage discharge outlets, exceeding in these points the lowest Sediment Quality Guidelines for the occurrence of adverse biological effects. A further study, based on the latest version of the BCR sequential extraction procedure, was undertaken in order to assess the physical/chemical binding and bioavailability ofFe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in these sediments. The toxic metals Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu pose a potential environmental risk, because they were extracted from the sediment labile fractions in concentrations that exceeded the corresponding ERL （Effects Range Low） values, entering the range within which adverse biological effects occur. The non-residual fractions of metals ranged from 91 to 100% for Cd, 89 to 94% for Zn, 67 to 100% for Pb, 71 to 82% for Cu, 30 to 77% for Mn and 39 to 48% for Fe. Measures to be taken for the disposal of the polluted dredged sediments are shown in this work.
