醉酒测情人

精明能干的老汤，做钢材生意发了财。俗话说，“男人有钱就变坏”。这话在老汤身上还真的应验了。老汤今年虽已年近五十，但也还属壮年时期。他不但每周两次泡桑拿、搞按摩，还在小城东关和西关分别租房包了两个小情人。

浅议醉酒驾驶的法律问题

近年来,酒驾严重危害道路交通安全、危害社会公共安全和人民群众生命财产安全,是全球道路交通安全的公害。醉酒驾驶所酿成的苦果是令人痛悔的。为防范此类行为发生,警方应依据法律规定的授权,维护人民生命、财产的安全。

Analysis of Sugar Components of Fermented Rice Wine by Ion Chromatography

[Objective] The aim was to analyze sugar components in fermented rice wine by ion chromatography. [Method] The optimal condition for chromatography system of sugar analysis was selected by measuring sugars in fermented rice wine with ion chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection. [Result] The optimal measurement conditions were as follows： Leacheate （Leachate）, consisting of NaOH and CH3COONa, was eluted by gradient concentrations, with column temperature at 35 ℃ and flow rate at 0.4 ml/min. In the condition, sugars in rice wine were ana- lyzed and the results showed that the method is featured by low detection limit, good repetition and high recovery rate. [Conclusion] The research establishes and determines the approaches and optimum conditions for sugar analysis in rice wine by ion chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection, providing references for advancement of research on quality improvement of fermented rice wine.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:An early mediator predicting metabolic syndrome in obese children?

AIM:To investigate if non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an early mediator for prediction of metabolic syndrome,and if liver B-ultrasound can be used for its diagnosis.METHODS:We classified 861 obese children (6-16 years old) into three subgroups:group 0 (normal liver in ultrasound and normal transaminases);group 1 (fatty liver in ultrasound and normal transaminases);and group 2 (fatty liver in ultrasound and elevated transaminases).We measured the body mass index,waist and hip circumference,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,insulin,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR),whole-body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI),lipid profile and transaminases in all the participants.The risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MS) was assessed according to the degree of liver fatty infiltration based on the B-ultrasound examination.RESULTS:Among the 861 obese children,587 (68.18%) were classified as having NAFLD,and 221 (25.67%) as having MS.The prevalence of MS in NAFLD children (groups 1 and 2) was 37.64% (221/587),which was much higher than that in non-NAFLD group (group 0,12.04%) (P < 0.01).There were significantly higher incidences concerning every component of MS in group 2 compared with group 0 (P < 0.05).The incidence of NAFLD in MS patients was 84.61% (187/221),which was significantly higher than that of hypertension (57.46%,127/221) and glucose metabolic anomalies (22.62%,50/221),and almost equal to the prevalence of dyslipidemia (89.14%,197/221).Based on the B-ultrasound scales,the presence of moderate and severe liver fatty infiltration carried a high risk of hypertension [odds ratio (OR):2.18,95% confidence interval (95% CI):1.27-3.75],dyslipidemia (OR:7.99,95% CI:4.34-14.73),impaired fasting glucose (OR:3.65,95% CI:1.04-12.85),and whole MS (OR:3.77;95% CI:1.90-7.47,P < 0.01).The state of insulin resistance (calculated by HOMA-IR and WBISI) deteriorated as the degree of fatty infiltration increased.CONCLUSION:NAFLD is not only a liver disease,but also an early mediator that reflects metabolic disorder,and liver B-ultrasound can be a useful tool for MS screening.

Near and Mid Infrared Spectroscopy to Detect Malolactic Biotransformation of Oenococcus oeni in a Wine-Model

The aim of this work was to verify the potential of infrared （IR） spectroscopy in near and mid regions to detect the beginning of the malolactic fermentation （MLF） occurring in a model-wine and the further cells autolysis. MLF in wine is a secondary biotransformation due to lactic acid bacteria that usually occurs spontaneou,;ly or after starter inoculation at the end of alcoholic fermentation. Nowadays, it is desirable to supply winemakers with a new rapid and non-destructive approach to monitor MLF progress and 1R spectroscopy technology appears to be suitable for this purpose. The transformation of L-malic acid into L-lactic acid was carried out by inoculating a synthetic wine with an Oenococcus oeni culture and it was monitored through microbiological and chemical methods. At the same time, Fourier transform near infrared （FT-NIR） spectral data, in diffusive transflection mode using an optic probe, and FT-IR spectra, using an germanium crystal attenuated total reflectance （ATR） cell, were collected. Principal component analysis of the spectra was able to identify absorption bands related to the key molecular modifications that took place during the L-malic acid transformation. Thus, the samples were discriminated according to the fermentation phase. Although this study is a preliminary approach, results confirm that near infrared （NIR） and mid infrared （MIR） spectroscopy could be successfully applied to detect the start of MLF and the autolysis of the lactic acid bacteria （LAB） cells.

优化司乘测酒装置过滤性能的探讨

测酒装置是司乘人员在出乘前,为确保运行安全而采取的强制管理手段,由于司乘人员不规范使用以及测酒装置设备的缺陷,导致设备失灵的故障,影响安全卡控。因此需要对测酒装置过滤性能进一步优化。

Research on the Drunk Driving Intelligent Test System Based onμC/OS- II

The article design the hardware system scheme using STM32F407 as the control core circuit, and designed the software structure of the system and application layer multi task and priority based on transplanted μ C/OS operating system. Aimed at that the traditional drunk driving detection system has low sensitivity and unable to distinguish diffuse alcohol sigmal interference. For accurate identification of pilot and crew alcohol concentration, the paper puts forward a driving intelligent identification wine system based on embedded μC/OS- II. The experimental results show that the detection sensitivity of the system has high accuracy rate, effectively prevent the purpose for the prevention of drunk driving, drunk driving has very good practical value.

Conductivity Prediction of Sodium and Potassium Hydrogen Tartrates in Aqueous Solution at Low Concentration

An ionic conductivity prediction equation at low concentration for two acid salts is proposed taking into account the dissociation and association equilibria among ions. The salts considered are sodium and potassium hydrogen tartrates. There is no additional parameter of high order terms except for the Onsager's coefficient of limited term in the new equation. Results show a complex conductance of acidic tartrates in aqueous solution. The molar conductivities of metal ions are nearly constant such that the contributions from hydrogen and tartrate ions decrease with concentration, while the molar conductivity of bitartrate ion increases with concentration.

Detection Methods for MEMS-Based Xylophone Bar Magnetometer for Pico Satellites

Initially studied and developed by students in universities, the very small pico satellites （with a mass lower than 1 kg） are more and more considered for science applications. In particular, there are plans to use them in constellations of small spacecraft for remote sensing of various regions of the magnetosphere. They require a payload with specific size, weight and power consumption. In order to respond to this demand, new instruments have to be developed. Those instruments should exhibit at least the same performances as those used in larger satellites while fulfilling the specific requirements imposed by the satellites size. For this reason, the authors currently develop a xylophone bar magnetometer （XBM） based on micro-electromechanical systems （MEMS） with integrated detector electronics. The principle of this magnetometer is based on a classical resonating xylophone bar. A sinnsoidal current oscillating at the fundamental bending resonant frequency of the bar is applied through the device, and when an external magnetic field is present, the resulting Lorentz force yields the bar to vibrate at its fundamental mode with a displacement directly proportional to the amplitude in one direction of the ambient magnetic field. When designing a MEMS XBM, the detection method is a crucial aspect. The measurement method largely influences the geometry of the magnetometer as well as the manufacturing technology. Due to the constraints in terms of size, weight and power consumption, the two most promising measurement methods are capacitive and piezoelectric ones. Several designs including these measurement techniques are presented and simulated under realistic conditions. First, designs including lateral electrodes for capacitive measurement are tackled based on Silicon-On-Insulator （SOI） process. For the piezoelectric detection, a new configuration based on Lead Zirconate Titanate （PZT）/Pt structure is introduced and leads to much better sensitivity than the traditional Pt/PZT/Pt sandwich structure. Finally, the principle of electronic circuits enabling high sensitivity and low power consumption are proposed.

Branding and brand equity measurement in the beer industry of Thailand

The objective of this research is to investigate a new concept model of brand equity measurement in the economy beer industry of Thailand by using five factors of brand equity which are brand awareness, brand liking, brand purchase intention, brand satisfaction and brand loyalty along with the consumer behavior. The respondents are 379 males and females who have at least occasionally had a beer during the past few years. The findings show that males are more likely to drink beer regularly and in larger quantities. The average respondent seems to drink beer in order to relax and socialize at parties. Respondents recognize Leo beer more than the other two brands in this study. Descriptive statistics and statistical analysis are presented for individuals, managers, as well as for advertising and marketing professionals. Suggestions and links for personal brand building are also offered.

Determination of fermentable sugar in wort made from degermed corn extruded at low temperature as beer adjunct by HPLC

[Objective] To accurately determine the components and content of fermentable sugars in wort. [Method] The components and content of fermentable sugars in wort made from degermed corn extruded at low temperature as beer adjunct were determined by HPLC. [Result] The contents of sugar components were shown as below: fructose was 3.8 g/L, glucose was 7.4 g/L, sucrose was 4.2 g/L, maltose was 53.8 g/L and maltotriose was 10.6 g/L.The content of the five fermentable sugars had good linear relation within their peak area in the determination range, the correlation coefficient was 0.977 6-0.990 7, the recoveries of samples were >96%, the standard deviation was 1.27%-3.26%. [Conclusion] The method is simple and rapid with high sensitivity and good reproducibility, it provides reliable and accurate analytic method for determining the components of fermentable sugars in wort made from degermed corn extruded at low temperature as beer adjunct.

Proficiency Testing in Analysis of Wine Products

The quality variety wines which are produced in specified regions of Slovakia are mostly watched category of wine in European Union. Quality of the measurement for appropriate parameter in wine sample is given by uncertainty. Therefore, protocol of analysis has to have an uncertainty of measurement and should be made in accredited laboratory. In Slovakia, there are six wine growing regions （Tokaj, east Slovakia region, south Slovakia region, middle Slovakia region, Nitriansky region and Little-Carpathian region） where the quality wines with protected designation of origin are produced. Central Controlling and Testing Institute in Agriculture in Bratislava is a state organization, which has an accredited laboratory for testing wine products before introduction into the market. This article presents the results of the authors＇ measurements in proficiency testing FAPAS （food analysis performance assessment scheme） which were organized by Central Science Laboratory in York （England） in 2011. The authors add also interlaboratory comparison in 2012 between Slovak accredited laboratories. The results show very good agreement. Quality control in the wine sector presents very important feature in the market, therefore, using certified reference materials and checking the accredited laboratories with interlaboratory comparisons is very helpful. Testing of wine in the authors＇ laboratory is performed by EN ISO/IEC： 17025. The results show that z-score lies not outside the range ±2 and this is a chance that the authors＇ results are actually acceptable.

Mycotoxins in Brewing Grain Raw Material （Barley, Malt） in Russia

The levels of five mycotoxins （MT）： deoxynivalenol （DON）, T-2-toxin （T-2）, zearalenone （ZEA）, aflatoxin （Aft）, ochratoxin A （OTA） were measured in malting barley and malt samples by enzyme immunoassay （ELISA）, using test systems RIDASCREEN FAST （R-Biopharm, Germany）. 40 samples of malting barley, mainly from the Central part of European Russia and fewer from the Southern part of, and also some samples from Altai （Asian Russia） were analyzed during 2007-2011 years as well as 120 samples of malt from Russian malting companies. It was found that 17% of barley samples were contaminated with MT; in two cases （5%）, the MT concentration exceeded maximum allowable levels （MAL）. Among malt samples in more than half （in 56%） MT were detected, in 9% of samples, the MT concentration exceeded MAL （Aft-3 incidents, T-2-3 incidents, OTA-2 incidents, ZEA-1 incident）. Maximum levels ofmycotoxins in malt were found to be higher than those in barley. These facts support the idea about risky conditions during malting processing.

Review on Comparative Analyses of Different Phenolic Acids Content in Different Beers

Beer can be a rich source of phenolic acids in the diet. The present review summarizes the current state of work on phenolic acids in beer presented in the cited papers. In an overview, 10 hydroxybenzoic acids, three related aldehydes, two phenylacetic acids and eight hydroxycinnamic acids in beer are being reported. This review compares the phenolic acids content in alcoholic and non-alcoholic beers from Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Austria and Poland, which had been examined by several authors. The quantification was achieved by HPLC with ultraviolet, diode array, coulometric array or fluorimetric detection. Ferulic acid is the main phenolic acid in all beers that had been studied, followed by p-coumaric, vanillic, caffeic, p-OH-benzoic and sinapic acids. Most of the phenolic acids in beer are present as bound forms and only a small portion can be detected as free compounds. The content of the phenolic acids in the non-alcoholic beers is lower than in the alcoholic beers mainly due to differences in the production process, yeast strains used, dealcoholization of beer etc..

“醉人草”和“催眠花”

自然界有许多花花草草拥有天生的魔法。＂醉人草＂是非洲埃塞俄比亚支利维纳山区出产的一种神奇的野草。它会散发出浓郁的香味。人闻到这种香味便会像喝醉酒一样,走路踉踉跄跄、东倒西歪,如果在它的旁边待上几分钟,就会醉得连路都走不成。因此,当地人叫它＂醉人草＂。＂醉人草＂属于胡椒属,是多年生的草本植物,茎高三米多,叶子的形状像心脏。＂醉人草＂怎么会有这么大的威力呢？