To investigate the correlation and difference between Paspalum notatum’s leaf and root under drought adversity,this study tested the physiological responses of wild Paspalum notatum’s leaf and root under 0(CK),1,3,5...To investigate the correlation and difference between Paspalum notatum’s leaf and root under drought adversity,this study tested the physiological responses of wild Paspalum notatum’s leaf and root under 0(CK),1,3,5,7,14,21,and 28 d drought stress treatment.These physiological responses include osmotic regulating substance,antioxidant enzyme activity,malonaldehyde content,cell membrane permeability,and chlorophyll content.According to the results,the soluble protein content,proline concentration,malonaldehyde content,cell membrane permeability and CAT activity in Paspalum notatum’s leaf and root tended to increase with the prolongation of drought stress;the soluble sugar content and SOD activity first increased and then decreased;POD dropped gradually;the contents of chlorophyll a,b and total chlorophyll first declined,then mounted,and lastly dropped again.During the early stage of drought stress,SOD and CAT acted as the main antioxidant enzymes in Paspalum notatum’s leaf and root.However,with the aggravation of drought stress the predominant antioxidant enzymes became SOD in the root system whereas CAT and POD in the leaf.It implicates drought has a strong influence on root’s CAT and leaf’s SOD and POD.Leaf is the major organ regulating the osmosis and photosynthesis of Paspalum notatum.The findings can provide a useful theoretical basis for improving Paspalum notatum’s drought tolerance.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and its upstream protein kinase in human gastric cancer and to evaluate the relationship between protein levels and clinicopathological p...AIM: To investigate the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and its upstream protein kinase in human gastric cancer and to evaluate the relationship between protein levels and clinicopathological parameters. METHODS: Western blot was used to measure the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1, ERK-2, ERK-3, p38 and mitogen or ERK activated protein kinaseMEK-1 proteins in surgically resected gastric carcinoma, adjacent normal mucosa and metastatic lymph nodes from 42 patients. Immunohistochemistry was employed for their localization. RESULTS: Compared with normal tissues, the protein levels of ERK-1 (integral optical density value 159 526?5 760 vs 122 807±65 515, P= 0.001), ERK-2 (168 471±95 051 vs 120 469±72 874, P<0.001), ERK-3 (118 651±71 513 vs 70 934±68 058,P<0.001), P38 (104 776±51 650 vs 82 930±40 392, P= 0.048) and MEK-1 (116 486±45 725 vs 101 434±49 387, P = 0.027) were increased in gastric cancer tissues. Overexpression of ERK-3 was correlated to TNM staging [average ratio of integral optic density (IOD)tumor: IODnormal in TNM I, II, III, IV tumors was 1.43±0.34, 5.08±3.74, 4.99±1.08, 1.44±1.02, n = 42, P= 0.023] and serosa invasion (4.31±4.34 vs 2.00±2.03, P = 0.037). In poorly differentiated cancers (n = 33), the protein levels of ERK-1 and ERK-2 in stage III and IV tumors were higher than those in stage I and II tumors (2.64+3.01 vs 1.01±0.33, P= 0.022; 2.05±1.54 vs1.24±0.40, P= 0.030). Gastric cancer tissues with either lymph node involvement (2.49±2.91 vs1.03±0.36, P= 0.023; 1.98±1.49vs1.24±0.44, P= 0.036) or serosa invasion (2.39±2.82 vs 1.01±0.35, P= 0.022; 1.95±1.44 vs1.14±0.36, P=0.015) expressed higher protein levels of ERK-1 and ERK-2. In Borrmann II tumors, expression of ERK-2 and ERK-3 was increased compared with Borrmann III tumors (2.57±1.86 vs1.23±0.60, P= 0.022; 5.50±5.05 vs1.83±1.21, P= 0.014). Borrmann IV tumors expressed higher p38 protein levels. No statistically significant difference in expression of MAPKs was found when stratified to tumor size or histological grade (P>0.05). Protein levels of ERK-2, ERK-3 and MEK-1 in metastatic lymph nodes were 2-7 folds higher than those in adjacent normal mucosa. The immunohistochemistry demonstrated that ERK-1, ERK-2, ERK-3, p38 and MEK-1 proteins were mainly localized in cytoplasm. The expression of MEK-1 in gastric cancer cells metastasized to lymph nodes was higher than that of the primary site. CONCLUSION: MAPKs, particularly ERK subclass are overexpressed in the majority of gastric cancers. Overexpression of ERKs is correlated to TNM staging, serosa invasion, and lymph node involvement. The overexpression of p38 most likely plays a prominent role in certain morphological subtypes of gastric cancers. MEK-1 is also overexpressed in gastric cancer, particularly in metastatic lymph nodes. Upregulation of MARK signal transduction pathways may play an important role in tumorigenesis and metastatic potential of gastric cancer.展开更多
The aim of this study is to investigate the functional relationship between filamin, a known actin binding protein, and myosin and the effects of filamin on the interaction between myosin and actin. Methods.Ultra cent...The aim of this study is to investigate the functional relationship between filamin, a known actin binding protein, and myosin and the effects of filamin on the interaction between myosin and actin. Methods.Ultra centrifugation method was used to investigate the binding of filamin to both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated myosins. Mg ATPase activities of both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated myosins in the presence and absence of actin were measured to observe the effects resulted from filamin actin and filamin myosin interactions. Results. It was found that filamin is also a myosin binding protein. Filamin inhibited the actin activated Mg ATPase activity of phosphorylated myosin and stimulated Mg ATPase of phosphorylated myosin in the absence of actin; in addition, filamin stimulated Mg ATPase activity of unphosphorylated myosin in both the presence or absence of actin. Conclusion. The results suggest that the effects of filamin on the myosin Mg ATPase activities are bi directional, i.e., stimulatory via binding to myosin and inhibitory via binding to actin.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Research&Development Project(2016YFC0502603,2017YFD0502101-3)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31602005)+2 种基金Science and Technology Support Project of Guizhou Province(Qiankehe Support[2016]2516,Qiankehe Cheng Zhuan [2015]5324-2)Scientific and Technol-ogical Innovation Talents Team Construction Project(Qiankehe Platform Talents[2016]5617)Guizhou Province Outstanding Youth and Scientifictechnological Talents Cultivation Project(Qiankehe Ren[2015]02)~~
文摘To investigate the correlation and difference between Paspalum notatum’s leaf and root under drought adversity,this study tested the physiological responses of wild Paspalum notatum’s leaf and root under 0(CK),1,3,5,7,14,21,and 28 d drought stress treatment.These physiological responses include osmotic regulating substance,antioxidant enzyme activity,malonaldehyde content,cell membrane permeability,and chlorophyll content.According to the results,the soluble protein content,proline concentration,malonaldehyde content,cell membrane permeability and CAT activity in Paspalum notatum’s leaf and root tended to increase with the prolongation of drought stress;the soluble sugar content and SOD activity first increased and then decreased;POD dropped gradually;the contents of chlorophyll a,b and total chlorophyll first declined,then mounted,and lastly dropped again.During the early stage of drought stress,SOD and CAT acted as the main antioxidant enzymes in Paspalum notatum’s leaf and root.However,with the aggravation of drought stress the predominant antioxidant enzymes became SOD in the root system whereas CAT and POD in the leaf.It implicates drought has a strong influence on root’s CAT and leaf’s SOD and POD.Leaf is the major organ regulating the osmosis and photosynthesis of Paspalum notatum.The findings can provide a useful theoretical basis for improving Paspalum notatum’s drought tolerance.
基金Supported by Technology Foundation of Ministry of Education, China
文摘AIM: To investigate the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and its upstream protein kinase in human gastric cancer and to evaluate the relationship between protein levels and clinicopathological parameters. METHODS: Western blot was used to measure the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1, ERK-2, ERK-3, p38 and mitogen or ERK activated protein kinaseMEK-1 proteins in surgically resected gastric carcinoma, adjacent normal mucosa and metastatic lymph nodes from 42 patients. Immunohistochemistry was employed for their localization. RESULTS: Compared with normal tissues, the protein levels of ERK-1 (integral optical density value 159 526?5 760 vs 122 807±65 515, P= 0.001), ERK-2 (168 471±95 051 vs 120 469±72 874, P<0.001), ERK-3 (118 651±71 513 vs 70 934±68 058,P<0.001), P38 (104 776±51 650 vs 82 930±40 392, P= 0.048) and MEK-1 (116 486±45 725 vs 101 434±49 387, P = 0.027) were increased in gastric cancer tissues. Overexpression of ERK-3 was correlated to TNM staging [average ratio of integral optic density (IOD)tumor: IODnormal in TNM I, II, III, IV tumors was 1.43±0.34, 5.08±3.74, 4.99±1.08, 1.44±1.02, n = 42, P= 0.023] and serosa invasion (4.31±4.34 vs 2.00±2.03, P = 0.037). In poorly differentiated cancers (n = 33), the protein levels of ERK-1 and ERK-2 in stage III and IV tumors were higher than those in stage I and II tumors (2.64+3.01 vs 1.01±0.33, P= 0.022; 2.05±1.54 vs1.24±0.40, P= 0.030). Gastric cancer tissues with either lymph node involvement (2.49±2.91 vs1.03±0.36, P= 0.023; 1.98±1.49vs1.24±0.44, P= 0.036) or serosa invasion (2.39±2.82 vs 1.01±0.35, P= 0.022; 1.95±1.44 vs1.14±0.36, P=0.015) expressed higher protein levels of ERK-1 and ERK-2. In Borrmann II tumors, expression of ERK-2 and ERK-3 was increased compared with Borrmann III tumors (2.57±1.86 vs1.23±0.60, P= 0.022; 5.50±5.05 vs1.83±1.21, P= 0.014). Borrmann IV tumors expressed higher p38 protein levels. No statistically significant difference in expression of MAPKs was found when stratified to tumor size or histological grade (P>0.05). Protein levels of ERK-2, ERK-3 and MEK-1 in metastatic lymph nodes were 2-7 folds higher than those in adjacent normal mucosa. The immunohistochemistry demonstrated that ERK-1, ERK-2, ERK-3, p38 and MEK-1 proteins were mainly localized in cytoplasm. The expression of MEK-1 in gastric cancer cells metastasized to lymph nodes was higher than that of the primary site. CONCLUSION: MAPKs, particularly ERK subclass are overexpressed in the majority of gastric cancers. Overexpression of ERKs is correlated to TNM staging, serosa invasion, and lymph node involvement. The overexpression of p38 most likely plays a prominent role in certain morphological subtypes of gastric cancers. MEK-1 is also overexpressed in gastric cancer, particularly in metastatic lymph nodes. Upregulation of MARK signal transduction pathways may play an important role in tumorigenesis and metastatic potential of gastric cancer.
文摘The aim of this study is to investigate the functional relationship between filamin, a known actin binding protein, and myosin and the effects of filamin on the interaction between myosin and actin. Methods.Ultra centrifugation method was used to investigate the binding of filamin to both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated myosins. Mg ATPase activities of both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated myosins in the presence and absence of actin were measured to observe the effects resulted from filamin actin and filamin myosin interactions. Results. It was found that filamin is also a myosin binding protein. Filamin inhibited the actin activated Mg ATPase activity of phosphorylated myosin and stimulated Mg ATPase of phosphorylated myosin in the absence of actin; in addition, filamin stimulated Mg ATPase activity of unphosphorylated myosin in both the presence or absence of actin. Conclusion. The results suggest that the effects of filamin on the myosin Mg ATPase activities are bi directional, i.e., stimulatory via binding to myosin and inhibitory via binding to actin.
