目的估计浙江省2010-2012年重点人群人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)新发感染情况及其发展趋势。方法收集浙江省2010-2012年665例HIV哨点监测阳性样本和4030例新报告确证阳性病例样本,应用BED HIV-1捕获酶联免疫测...目的估计浙江省2010-2012年重点人群人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)新发感染情况及其发展趋势。方法收集浙江省2010-2012年665例HIV哨点监测阳性样本和4030例新报告确证阳性病例样本,应用BED HIV-1捕获酶联免疫测定法(BED HIV-1 capture enzyme immunoassay,BED-CEIA)检测新发感染,利用公式I=[F×(365/W)×R]/[N+F×(365/W)×R/2]×100%估算人群的HIV-1新发感染率,并对同期新报告确证阳性病例计算新发感染比例。结果浙江省2010-2012年HIV监测哨点重点人群的男男性行为人群(men who have sex with men,MSM)HIV-1新发感染率最高,分别为3.52%(2.22%～4.83%)、6.63%(4.65%～7.94%)和6.33%(4.83%～7.84%),其他人群均较低。浙江省2010-2012年报告阳性病例新发感染比例分别为27.08%、26.09%和30.35%,2011年和2012年MSM报告阳性病例新发感染比例分别为40.17%和42.05%。结论浙江省MSM人群HIV-1新发感染率2010-2011年增长较快,2011-2012年稍有下降但仍维持较高水平,其他人群相对较低。报告阳性病例中MSM人群新发感染比例也较高。浙江省MSM人群HIV流行形势仍然非常严峻,应加大对该人群的干预力度。展开更多
Objective:Evaluation of a polyclonal and a monoclonal Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test(HpSAT)for the detection of Helicobacter pylori(HP)infection in children.Methods:43 children underwent a 13C-urea breath test...Objective:Evaluation of a polyclonal and a monoclonal Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test(HpSAT)for the detection of Helicobacter pylori(HP)infection in children.Methods:43 children underwent a 13C-urea breath test(13C UBT)and a HpSAT for the detection of HP.A child was considered HP positive if the 13C UBT was positive.Two HpSATs were tested:the “Premier Platinum HpSA”test(PP HpSAT)(polyclonal enzyme immunoassay)and the “ImmunoCard STAT! HpSA”test(ICS HpSAT)(one-step immunochromatographic assay).Results:The mean age of the children was 8.9 y(range 3.5-17.5 y).Of the 43 children,18(41.9%)were HP positive and 25(58.1%)were HP negative.The PP HpSAT showed a sensitivity of 94.4%and a specificity of 100.0%.With the ICS HpSAT,equivocal results occurred in 5/42(11.9%)of the tests due to a problem with the visual interpretation of the change in colour of the test-line.The ICS HpSAT had a sensitivity of 100.0%and a specificity of 76.0%when the test was considered positive in case of any change of colour of the test-line,which is the correct practice according to the manufacturer.The ICS HpSAT had a sensitivity of 100.0%and a specificity of 96.0%when the test was considered positive only in case of a “significant change of colour”of the test-line.Conclusion:Compared to the 13C UBT,the PP HpSAT shows a comparably good sensitivity and specificity,the ICS HpSAT has a comparably good sensitivity but lower specificity due to a high percentage of equivocal results when the test is used according to the manufacturer’s instructions,and the ICS HpSAT has a comparably good sensitivity and specificity when a weakly positive test is considered negative for the diagnosis of HP infection in children.The ICS HpSAT is easy to perform with results available within 10 min,and is therefore of particular interest in ambulatory medicine.展开更多
文摘目的估计浙江省2010-2012年重点人群人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)新发感染情况及其发展趋势。方法收集浙江省2010-2012年665例HIV哨点监测阳性样本和4030例新报告确证阳性病例样本,应用BED HIV-1捕获酶联免疫测定法(BED HIV-1 capture enzyme immunoassay,BED-CEIA)检测新发感染,利用公式I=[F×(365/W)×R]/[N+F×(365/W)×R/2]×100%估算人群的HIV-1新发感染率,并对同期新报告确证阳性病例计算新发感染比例。结果浙江省2010-2012年HIV监测哨点重点人群的男男性行为人群(men who have sex with men,MSM)HIV-1新发感染率最高,分别为3.52%(2.22%～4.83%)、6.63%(4.65%～7.94%)和6.33%(4.83%～7.84%),其他人群均较低。浙江省2010-2012年报告阳性病例新发感染比例分别为27.08%、26.09%和30.35%,2011年和2012年MSM报告阳性病例新发感染比例分别为40.17%和42.05%。结论浙江省MSM人群HIV-1新发感染率2010-2011年增长较快,2011-2012年稍有下降但仍维持较高水平,其他人群相对较低。报告阳性病例中MSM人群新发感染比例也较高。浙江省MSM人群HIV流行形势仍然非常严峻,应加大对该人群的干预力度。
文摘Objective:Evaluation of a polyclonal and a monoclonal Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test(HpSAT)for the detection of Helicobacter pylori(HP)infection in children.Methods:43 children underwent a 13C-urea breath test(13C UBT)and a HpSAT for the detection of HP.A child was considered HP positive if the 13C UBT was positive.Two HpSATs were tested:the “Premier Platinum HpSA”test(PP HpSAT)(polyclonal enzyme immunoassay)and the “ImmunoCard STAT! HpSA”test(ICS HpSAT)(one-step immunochromatographic assay).Results:The mean age of the children was 8.9 y(range 3.5-17.5 y).Of the 43 children,18(41.9%)were HP positive and 25(58.1%)were HP negative.The PP HpSAT showed a sensitivity of 94.4%and a specificity of 100.0%.With the ICS HpSAT,equivocal results occurred in 5/42(11.9%)of the tests due to a problem with the visual interpretation of the change in colour of the test-line.The ICS HpSAT had a sensitivity of 100.0%and a specificity of 76.0%when the test was considered positive in case of any change of colour of the test-line,which is the correct practice according to the manufacturer.The ICS HpSAT had a sensitivity of 100.0%and a specificity of 96.0%when the test was considered positive only in case of a “significant change of colour”of the test-line.Conclusion:Compared to the 13C UBT,the PP HpSAT shows a comparably good sensitivity and specificity,the ICS HpSAT has a comparably good sensitivity but lower specificity due to a high percentage of equivocal results when the test is used according to the manufacturer’s instructions,and the ICS HpSAT has a comparably good sensitivity and specificity when a weakly positive test is considered negative for the diagnosis of HP infection in children.The ICS HpSAT is easy to perform with results available within 10 min,and is therefore of particular interest in ambulatory medicine.
