小麦贮藏蛋白是面粉品质的主要评价指标。本研究以不同高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组合的强筋小麦(济麦44和济麦229)和中筋小麦(济麦22)为试材,分析强筋小麦和中筋小麦及4+12和5+10高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组合的籽粒醇溶蛋白、麦谷蛋白及谷蛋白...小麦贮藏蛋白是面粉品质的主要评价指标。本研究以不同高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组合的强筋小麦(济麦44和济麦229)和中筋小麦(济麦22)为试材,分析强筋小麦和中筋小麦及4+12和5+10高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组合的籽粒醇溶蛋白、麦谷蛋白及谷蛋白大聚合体(GMP)在小麦灌浆期的积累动态和成熟籽粒中的贮藏蛋白种类、相对含量。结果表明,强筋小麦和中筋小麦的麦谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白在整个小麦灌浆期的积累趋势相同,均持续上升,但GMP积累却存在较大差异,强筋小麦的GMP含量持续增加而中筋小麦呈“下降-上升-下降-上升”的趋势。从高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成类型上看,5+10亚基组合的醇溶蛋白、麦谷蛋白及GMP在灌浆中后期的含量均高于4+12亚基组合类型。通过TMT(tandem mass tags)蛋白质组学分析发现,3个小麦品种的成熟籽粒共检测到53个贮藏蛋白,共分为三类,包括27个醇溶蛋白、16个Avenin-like蛋白和10个麦谷蛋白。济麦44较济麦22相对含量高的原因是大多数贮藏蛋白的表达量高,而济麦229相对含量高的原因是部分贮藏蛋白超高量表达。本研究结果可为我国小麦品质改良和优质小麦生产提供技术参考。展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of potyamine priming on physiological and biochemical variations of Lolium perenne embryos and seed germination. [Method] With annual Lolium perenne （Diamond T a...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of potyamine priming on physiological and biochemical variations of Lolium perenne embryos and seed germination. [Method] With annual Lolium perenne （Diamond T and Grazing-8000） as experimental materials, after priming with 0.5 mmol/L putrescine （Put）, spermidine （Spd） and spermine （Spm） for 24 h and chilling imbibition at 5 ℃ for 12, 24, 36 and 48 h, the effect of Put, Spd and Spm priming on chilling tolerance and germination ability of annual Lolium perenne seeds during imbibition was investigated. [Result] Put, Spd and Spm priming improved the activities of peroxidase （POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） and content of soluble protein content under low temperature stress, significantly in-creased the germination rate, and shortened the average germination duration. After chilling imbibition for 48 h, compared with the control, the average germination rate of annual Lolium perenne seeds was improved by 15.5% and 12.0% after Put, Spd and Spm priming, and the average germination duration was shortened by 1.21 and 1.14 d. During seed imbibition, the chilling tolerance of Grazing-8000 was stronger than that of Diamond T. Overall, Put, Spd and Spm treatment could increase the chilling tolerance of annual Lolium perenne seeds during imbibition, and improve the germination ability of seeds under low temperature stress. [Conclusion] Results of this study provided theoretical basis for the application of seed priming technology in the production of annual ryegrass.展开更多
Total P (TP), total participate P (PP), total dissolved P (TDP), molybdatereactive P (MRP) and dissolved organic P (DOP) were determined in waters from pipe-drains (at 65-cmdepth) from the Broadbalk Experiment at Roth...Total P (TP), total participate P (PP), total dissolved P (TDP), molybdatereactive P (MRP) and dissolved organic P (DOP) were determined in waters from pipe-drains (at 65-cmdepth) from the Broadbalk Experiment at Rothamsted Research, UK. Average TPand PP exceeded 1 mgL^(-1) in about half of the 12 plots receiving superphosphate for the 5 measurements taken betweenDecember 2000 and April 2001. Ranging between 33.8% and 87.3% of TP, PP was the largest P fractionin drainage waters, with DOP, ranging from 0.5% to 26.2% of TP, being the smallest fraction Meanproportions of PP, MRP and DOP in TP in drainage waters were 63.4%, 32.5% and 4.1%, respectively.These findings support previous findings that P losses from soil to drainage waters were muchlargerthan previously thought, and could therefore make a significant contribution to eutrophication.展开更多
文摘小麦贮藏蛋白是面粉品质的主要评价指标。本研究以不同高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组合的强筋小麦(济麦44和济麦229)和中筋小麦(济麦22)为试材,分析强筋小麦和中筋小麦及4+12和5+10高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组合的籽粒醇溶蛋白、麦谷蛋白及谷蛋白大聚合体(GMP)在小麦灌浆期的积累动态和成熟籽粒中的贮藏蛋白种类、相对含量。结果表明,强筋小麦和中筋小麦的麦谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白在整个小麦灌浆期的积累趋势相同,均持续上升,但GMP积累却存在较大差异,强筋小麦的GMP含量持续增加而中筋小麦呈“下降-上升-下降-上升”的趋势。从高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成类型上看,5+10亚基组合的醇溶蛋白、麦谷蛋白及GMP在灌浆中后期的含量均高于4+12亚基组合类型。通过TMT(tandem mass tags)蛋白质组学分析发现,3个小麦品种的成熟籽粒共检测到53个贮藏蛋白,共分为三类,包括27个醇溶蛋白、16个Avenin-like蛋白和10个麦谷蛋白。济麦44较济麦22相对含量高的原因是大多数贮藏蛋白的表达量高,而济麦229相对含量高的原因是部分贮藏蛋白超高量表达。本研究结果可为我国小麦品质改良和优质小麦生产提供技术参考。
基金Supported by Agricultural Research Project of Guizhou Province([2010]No.3045)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of potyamine priming on physiological and biochemical variations of Lolium perenne embryos and seed germination. [Method] With annual Lolium perenne （Diamond T and Grazing-8000） as experimental materials, after priming with 0.5 mmol/L putrescine （Put）, spermidine （Spd） and spermine （Spm） for 24 h and chilling imbibition at 5 ℃ for 12, 24, 36 and 48 h, the effect of Put, Spd and Spm priming on chilling tolerance and germination ability of annual Lolium perenne seeds during imbibition was investigated. [Result] Put, Spd and Spm priming improved the activities of peroxidase （POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） and content of soluble protein content under low temperature stress, significantly in-creased the germination rate, and shortened the average germination duration. After chilling imbibition for 48 h, compared with the control, the average germination rate of annual Lolium perenne seeds was improved by 15.5% and 12.0% after Put, Spd and Spm priming, and the average germination duration was shortened by 1.21 and 1.14 d. During seed imbibition, the chilling tolerance of Grazing-8000 was stronger than that of Diamond T. Overall, Put, Spd and Spm treatment could increase the chilling tolerance of annual Lolium perenne seeds during imbibition, and improve the germination ability of seeds under low temperature stress. [Conclusion] Results of this study provided theoretical basis for the application of seed priming technology in the production of annual ryegrass.
基金Project supported by the Rothamsted International, UK the Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, the State Education Ministry of China and the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, China (No. 2002D09).
文摘Total P (TP), total participate P (PP), total dissolved P (TDP), molybdatereactive P (MRP) and dissolved organic P (DOP) were determined in waters from pipe-drains (at 65-cmdepth) from the Broadbalk Experiment at Rothamsted Research, UK. Average TPand PP exceeded 1 mgL^(-1) in about half of the 12 plots receiving superphosphate for the 5 measurements taken betweenDecember 2000 and April 2001. Ranging between 33.8% and 87.3% of TP, PP was the largest P fractionin drainage waters, with DOP, ranging from 0.5% to 26.2% of TP, being the smallest fraction Meanproportions of PP, MRP and DOP in TP in drainage waters were 63.4%, 32.5% and 4.1%, respectively.These findings support previous findings that P losses from soil to drainage waters were muchlargerthan previously thought, and could therefore make a significant contribution to eutrophication.
