去除竹类茎秆中木质素的方法和工艺研究

为了提高木质素去除率和降低纤维素损失率,首先通过单因素和正交试验方法对碱处理竹类木质素的主要影响因素进行分析,在正交试验条件溶液质量分数5%NaOH,温度30℃,时间48 h,固液比1∶10下酸不溶木素的去除率达到51.2%时,对应纤维素损失率为10.2%。在上述正交试验条件下,再采用温和碱/氧化法进行预处理,结果表明,酸不溶木素去除率为67.8%,同比增加了32.4%;纤维素损失率为13.7%,同比增加34.1%。

漆酶/天冬氨酸生物体系处理改善旧瓦楞纸纤维性能

利用漆酶/天冬氨酸体系对旧瓦楞纸(OCC)进行纤维改性,以提高OCC再生纸的物理性质,降低或避免OCC回用过程中的性能衰减。实验结果表明,漆酶/天冬氨酸体系处理OCC能明显提高其性能,最佳处理条件为漆酶200 mg(活性2000 U/g)、天冬氨酸1%(相对于绝干浆)、p H 5、反应温度40℃、反应时间2 h。最佳处理条件下的改性OCC再生纸相比于空白样而言,其抗张指数、撕裂指数、耐破指数分别提高了127. 91%、40. 05%、19. 74%。漆酶/天冬氨酸改性后的纤维酸不溶木素的含量比空白样纤维的酸不溶木素的含量降低了48. 40%。傅里叶变换红外光谱结果显示改性后OCC纤维素的红外结晶度指数相比于处理前有所降低。

Analysis on Chemical Composition of Guadua amplexifolia Planted in China

The objective of this study is to determine the properties of G. amplexifolia. In this paper; the chemical composition, including holocellulose, acid-insoluble lignin, 1% NaOH solubility, benzene-ethanol extractives and ash content, was considered for the variability with respect to positions along bamboo culm height （bottom, middle and top）, parts along radial direction （inner part and outer part）and ages （1-year and 2- year）. The test results were also compared to those of moso that is commonly planted and used in China. This study indicated that both the holocellulosecontent and the lignin content in inner part were lower than ; in outer part, but for extractives and ash content, the reverse was true. Bamboo age also had effect on chemical composition; both the holocellulose content and the ash content in the culm of 1- year were higher than those of 2-year; while the lignin content and the extractive content m the culm of 1- year were higher than those of 2-year. High holocellulose content, low lignin contentand extractive content were advantages of G. amplexifolia.