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Characterization of Soil Humin by Acid Hydrolysis
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作者 李云峰 徐建民 +1 位作者 王世杰 袁可能 《Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry》 EI CAS 1999年第4期333-339,共7页
Studies were conducted to characterize soil humin by acid hydrolysis. Two humin samples collected from two different types of soil, namely chernozem and laterite, which are widespread over a vast area from the north t... Studies were conducted to characterize soil humin by acid hydrolysis. Two humin samples collected from two different types of soil, namely chernozem and laterite, which are widespread over a vast area from the north to south of China, were hydrolyzed under reflux with 0.5M H\-2SO\-4 or 3M H\-2SO\-4 for 4 h. The results showed that \{25%-29%\} of organic carbon and \{46%-54%\} of organic nitrogen could be hydrolyzed by \{0.5M\} H\-2SO\-4; \{36%-40%\} of organic carbon and \{93%-97%\} of organic nitrogen hydrolyzed by 3M H\-2SO\-4. The C/N ratio in hydrolyzed organic matter is lower than that in soil humin and that in organic matter hydrolyzed by 3M H\-2SO\-4 is lower than that in organic matter hydrolyzed by \{0.5M\} H\-2SO\-4. The proportion of nitrogen hydrolyzed from humin is markedly larger than that from the original soil and also markedly larger than that from humic acid fraction. Only \{3%-7%\} of nitrogen in humin exists in a relatively stable form, which is not easy to hydrolyze. There is little nitrogen that occurs in the form of heterocyclic rings in humin. Incubation experiments showed that the newly formed organic matter can be hydrolyzed more easily. 展开更多
关键词 酸水解作用 胡敏素 土壤腐殖质 有机物质
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Reactive dividing wall column for hydrolysis of methyl acetate:Design and control 被引量:11
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作者 Lumin Li Lanyi Sun +3 位作者 Delian Yang Wang Zhong Yi Zhu Yuanyu Tian 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第10期1360-1368,共9页
Reactive distillation and dividing wall column distillation are two kinds of effective separation technologies,and their integrated configuration,reactive dividing wall column(RDWC),presents attractive advantages.In t... Reactive distillation and dividing wall column distillation are two kinds of effective separation technologies,and their integrated configuration,reactive dividing wall column(RDWC),presents attractive advantages.In this study,the rigorous simulation of RDWC for methyl acetate hydrolysis is performed,and sensitivity analysis is conducted to obtain the minimum reboiler duty.Then a comparison is made between the conventional process and RDWC process,and it shows that 20.1% energy savings can be achieved by RDWC process.In addition,the dynamic characteristic of RDWC is studied and an effective control strategy is proposed.The simple PI control scheme with three temperature loops can obtain reasonable control performance and maintain products at desired purities.It is proved that this RDWC process is an energy efficiency alternative with good controllability. 展开更多
关键词 Reactive dividing wall column Methyl acetate Hydrolysis Design Control
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Volumetric and Viscometric Studies of 4-Aminobutyric Acid in Aqueous Solutions of Salbutamol Sulphate at 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15K 被引量:4
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作者 K. Rajagopal S.S. Jayabalakrishnan 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2009年第5期796-804,共9页
Density (ρ) and viscosity (η) measurements were carried out for 4-aminobutyric acid in 0.0041,0.0125 and 0.0207 mol·L-1 aqueous salbutamol sulphate at T=308.15,313.15 and 318.15K.The measured values of dens... Density (ρ) and viscosity (η) measurements were carried out for 4-aminobutyric acid in 0.0041,0.0125 and 0.0207 mol·L-1 aqueous salbutamol sulphate at T=308.15,313.15 and 318.15K.The measured values of density and viscosity were used to estimate some important parameters such as apparent molar volume Vφ,limiting apparent molar volume Vφ0,transfer volume △Vφ0,hydration number Hn,second derivative of infinite dilution of partial molar volume with temperature 2Vφ0/T2,viscosity B-coefficients,variation of B with temperature dB/dT,free energy of activation per mole of solvent △μ10* and solute △μ20*,activation entropy △S20* and activation enthalpy △H20* of the amino acids.These parameters have been interpreted in terms of solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions and structure making/breaking ability of solutes in the given solution. 展开更多
关键词 DENSITY standard partial molar volume hydration ntnZnber relative viscosity B-COEFFICIENT activation parameters
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Novel Control Structure Design of Differential Pressure Thermally Coupled Reactive Distillation for Methyl Acetate Hydrolysis 被引量:2
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作者 Li Jun Zhou Hao +3 位作者 Huang Xiaoqiao Zhao Tianlong Ma Zhanhua Sun Lanyi 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2018年第3期85-95,共11页
In this paper, the novel control structures of differential pressure thermally coupled reactive distillation process for methyl acetate hydrolysis were proposed. The RadFrac module of Aspen Plus was adopted in the ste... In this paper, the novel control structures of differential pressure thermally coupled reactive distillation process for methyl acetate hydrolysis were proposed. The RadFrac module of Aspen Plus was adopted in the steady-state simulation. Sensitive analysis was applied to find the stable intial value and provide a basis for the improved control structure design. The Aspen Dynamics software was adopted to study the process dynamic behaviors, and two novel control structures provided with feed ratio controllers and sensitive tray temperature controllers were proposed. The reflux ratio controllers were applied in the improved novel control structures. Both control structures abandoned the composition controllers that were replaced by simpler controllers with which the product purity could meet the specification requiring under a ± 20% disturbance to the total feed flowrate / MeAc composition. 展开更多
关键词 reactive distillation process control HYDROLYSIS thermally coupled methyyl acetate
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The Structure of Ammonium D,L-Tartrate
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作者 NIE Jing-Jing XU Duan-Jun +2 位作者 WU Jing-Yun CHIANG Michael Yen-Nan 《Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2001年第6期470-472,共3页
The single crystals of the title compound NH4+C4H5O6- (C4H9NO6, Mr = 167.1) were obtained from a hot aqueous solution containing L-glutamine and D,L-tartaric acid in mole ratio1:1.5. The crystal belongs to monoclinic ... The single crystals of the title compound NH4+C4H5O6- (C4H9NO6, Mr = 167.1) were obtained from a hot aqueous solution containing L-glutamine and D,L-tartaric acid in mole ratio1:1.5. The crystal belongs to monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 7.646(2), b = 7.804(2), c = 11.502(3)? ?= 102.26(2)o, V = 670.7(3)?, Z = 4, F(000) = 352, Dc = 1.655 g.cm-3, m(MoKa) = 0.16 mm-1, R = 0.035, wR = 0.094 for 1028 observed reflections (I>2s(I)). The enatiomeric anions of the tartrate with both (2S,3S)- and (2R,3R)-configuration co-exist in the unit cell. The carbon skeleton assumes a coplanar arrangement with a torsion angle of 181.5o. The three- dimensional H-bonding network exists in the crystal. While tartrate groups link each other by H-bonds between carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, the ammonium cations insert between the tartrate groups to form a sandwich-like crystal structure. 展开更多
关键词 crystal structure ammonium tartrate H-BONDING HYDROLYSIS GLUTAMINE
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