酸浸-摇床重选预处理对钴矿石生物浸出的影响

针对钴矿石含有大量可溶性碱性脉石的特点,提出酸浸—摇床重选除可溶性碱性脉石的预处理方案,并通过对比试验来验证该方案.结果表明:经过酸浸—摇床重选预处理后,酸浸矿中钙的质量分数由8.61%降至2.87%,去除率达74.32%,而金属钴损失率仅为0.15%.经过酸浸—摇床重选预处理,避免了浸出体系酸度不稳定的情况发生,减少了铁矾沉淀的生成量,同时也避免了硫酸钙沉淀的生成.酸浸矿体系钴回收率为87.7%,较原矿体系提高35.2%,效果良好.经过酸浸—摇床重选预处理不但使该钴矿石适合采用微生物浸出技术回收钴,而且也缓解了该矿山大量硫酸无法消耗的情况.

碳热还原-磁选-酸浸法去除粉煤灰中的杂质

粉煤灰中除含有分子筛所需要的硅铝相之外,还含有大量的莫来石、石英相、磁铁矿、赤铁矿、石膏等杂质,不但影响分子筛的色泽,更对分子筛的合成、吸附、催化等性能有严重影响.在合成分子筛之前需要对粉煤灰进行除杂处理.本文首先以碳热还原的方法降低粉煤灰中铁的价态,该过程同时将硫酸钙还原为氧化钙,然后用磁选的方法去除部分磁性铁,最后用盐酸酸洗将剩余铁以及氧化钙溶于酸中,过滤除去.实验结果表明,最佳还原条件为:48μm粉煤灰、碳-氧摩尔比2.0,氩气气氛,在1 000℃下反应1 h;经过碳热还原和盐酸酸洗后,粉煤灰中Si O2和Al2O3的质量比达到5.65,TFe含量质量分数达到0.49%,Ca O含量质量分数达到2.08%.基本达到下一步合成的要求.

新疆某铜矿无酸硫浮选试验研究及生产应用

新疆某铜矿选矿厂尾矿中,黄铁矿占总量比例的62.05%,硫铁精矿综合回收利用具有较高的经济价值。常规硫浮选作业中多数采用硫酸作为选硫活化剂,考虑到硫酸在实际生产中的使用、管理、运输等存在诸多不便,且极易腐蚀设备,大量浓硫酸还易与矿浆中黄铁矿等发生反应释放有毒气体。为此,有必要寻找一种技术可行、经济合理的无酸选硫清洁化生产工艺。经试验研究,采用硫酸亚铁代替硫酸作为硫的活化剂,试验取得了较好的指标,经一粗一扫一精的工艺流程,硫铁精矿含硫、铁品位分别到达53.31%、42.34%,硫、铁回收率分别达到94.28%、91.59%,并在工业现场成功生产应用。

废盐酸再生装置焙烧炉内衬砌筑与烘烤

介绍废盐酸再生装置焙烧炉内衬筑材料技术性能，砌筑施工和炉料烘烤的实用技术。

A novel surfactant N-hydroxy-9,10-epoxy group-octadecanamide:Part II.Its synthesis and application in flotation separation of spodumene and albite

A novel hydroxamic acid,N-hydroxy-9,10-epoxy group-octadecanamide(N-OH-9,10-O-ODA),was synthesised by modifying the structure of oleic acid.The carboxyl group of oleic acid was converted into an N-hydroxy amide group,and an epoxy group was introduced into its structure.N-OH-9,10-O-ODA was used as a novel collector in the flotation separation of spodumene from one of its associated gangue minerals,specifically albite.N-OH-9,10-O-ODA exhibits remarkable selectivity,with a stronger affinity for collecting spodumene particles compared to albite particles.Zeta potential measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis reveal that the adsorption quantity of N-OH-9,10-O-ODA on spodumene surface is comparable to that on albite surface.First-principles calculations demonstrate the diverse adsorption configurations of N-OH-9,10-O-ODA on surfaces of spodumene and albite,leading to its distinct collecting abilities for spodumene and albite particles.

塔河碳酸盐岩储层大型酸化压裂技术介绍

塔河奥陶系油藏是缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏,酸化压裂是碳酸盐岩储层改造的有效手段,经过几年的探索、实践,塔河油田碳酸盐岩深层酸化压裂在酸压选层、酸液体系、施工规模、泵注程序、管串结构、酸后排液、酸压监测和压后评估等方面都形成了独具特色的一套技术。本文此作了简要介绍。

Enhancing selectivity in acidic CO_(2) electrolysis:Cation effects and catalyst innovation

The electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)(eCO_(2)R)under ambient conditions is crucial for reducing carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality.Despite progress with alkaline and neutral electrolytes,their efficiency is limited by(bi)carbonates formation.Acidic media have emerged as a solution,addressing the(bi)carbonates challenge but introducing the issue of the hydrogen evolu-tion reaction(HER),which reduces CO_(2) conversion efficiency in acidic environments.This review focuses on enhancing the selectivity of acidic CO_(2) electrolysis.It commences with an overview of the latest advancements in acidic CO_(2) electrolysis,focusing on product selectivity and electrocatalytic activity enhancements.It then delves into the critical factors shaping selectivity in acidic CO_(2) electrolysis,with a special emphasis on the influence of cations and catalyst design.Finally,the research challenges and personal perspectives of acidic CO_(2) electrolysis are suggested.

利用能量指示曲线提高酸化增油能力技术应用

塔河油田托甫台区块碳酸盐岩油藏是以溶孔、溶洞和裂缝为主要储集空间,裂缝为主要渗流通道,具有埋藏深、非均质性强的特点,生产过程中由于地层能量下降等因素出现地层垮塌、堵塞、裂缝闭合等问题,导致油井生产后期出现供液不足现象,目前增产措施主要以酸压、酸化为主,酸化以其相对较低的成本应用更为广泛,然而前期针对碳酸盐岩酸化选井研究相对较少。文章提出了碳酸盐岩能量指示曲线的概念,将其划分为不同类型,针对不同曲线类型分析了其对应油藏地质原因,提出了适合酸化的能量指示曲线类型及其选井标准。

节镍型奥氏体不锈钢CIMCN4的开发与生产

CIMCN4是一种含铜、低镍的奥氏体不锈钢,用于替代日本同类型产品用于集装箱内侧板,本文就对含有4%的CIMCN4产品冷轧卷材的设计、热处理、电解、酸洗等进行了工序进行生产探讨,并对生产过程中的注意事项进行了说明。

Flotation separation of chalcopyrite from galena by sodium humate and ammonium persulfate

The flotabilities of chalcopyrite and galena with sodium humate（HA） and ammonium persulfate（APS） as the depressant were studied by flotation test, adsorption measurement and infrared spectroscopic analysis. Single mineral flotation test shows that the slurry oxidation environment and the proper oxidation of galena surface are prerequisites for the depression of galena by sodium humate. The closed-circuit flotation test of copper/lead bulk concentrate shows that the grade and recovery of Cu reach 30.47% and 89.16% respectively and those of Pb reach 2.06% and1.58% respectively in copper concentrate, and the grade and recovery of Pb reach 50.34% and 98.42% and those of Cu reach 1.45% and 10.84% respectively in lead concentrate with HA and APS. The selective depression effect of HA and APS is more obvious than that of potassium dichromate. The results of FTIR analysis and adsorption measurements indicate that the adsorption of sodium humate on the fresh surface of galena is negligible, while after oxidation, sodium humate can be chemically adsorbed on the surface of galena. According to the theory of solubility product, the sodium humate can display the oxidation product PbSO_4, after then, adsorb on the surface of lead chemically to produce inhibitory effect. Thus, it can be seen that the combination of HA and APS is an efficient non-toxic reagent to achieve cleaning separation copper/lead bulk concentrate by flotation. The combination of HA and APS is an efficient non-toxic reagent to achieve cleaning for copper/lead bulk concentrate by flotation.

Element distribution of high iron-bearing zinc calcine in high gradient magnetic field

High gradient magnetic separation was conducted in order to separate insoluble zinc ferrite from zinc calcine before acid leaching of hydrometallurgical process. Chemical composition and structural characterization of zinc calcine were studied via inductively coupled plasma （ICP）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Mossbauer spectra, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and laser particle analysis （LPA）. The parameters of magnetic separation which affect the distribution of zinc ferrite and undesired elements, such as calcium, sulfur and lead in magnetic concentrate were investigated. The results of high gradient magnetic separation indicate that more than 85% of zinc ferrite is distributed into magnetic concentrate from the zinc calcine under the magnetic induction of 0.70 T. In addition, about 60% of calcium and 40% of sulfur distribute in non magnetic phases of tailings during magnetic separation process. Most of lead distributes uniformly along the zinc calcine in superfine particle size.

Selective depression of galena and chalcopyrite by O,O-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) dithiophosphate

A novel synthesized reagent, O,O-bis（2,3-dihydroxypropyl） dithiophosphate （DHDTP）, was investigated as depressant on the depression of chalcopyrite and galena, when ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate （DDTP） was used as the collector in flotation tests. Zeta potential and adsorption measurement were performed to study the interaction between depressant and minerals. The flotation tests of two minerals show that DHDTP has slight depression on chalcopyrite in the whole pH range and strong depression on galena in the pH range of 6-10. When DHDTP dosage is increased, the recovery of galena decreases rapidly, while that of the chalcopyrite decreases slightly. The satisfied separation results of artificially mixed samples are that the copper grade and recovery rates of concentrate are 24.08% and 81%, respectively, when the pH is 6 with 278 mg/L DHDTP. Zeta potential and adsorption measurements show that DHDTP has more strongly adsorotion capacity to galena than chalcoovrite.

Analysis on the Relationship between Selective Pressure and Nucleotide Substitution Rate in Nucleus and Organelle Genes of Sorghum and Maize

[Objective]The aim was to research the relationship between nucleotide substitutions rate and selective pressure.[Method]Synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions and their ratios for some sorghum and maize genes in nucleus and organelle genomes were analyzed by statistical method,and comparative analysis of related functional genes were carried out.[Result]The pure selective pressures of the related functional genes were similar between nucleus and chloroplast genomes,but was lower in mitochondrial genome.The significant differences of nucleotide substitution rate between sorghum and maize orthologous genes in nucleus genome,and among different functional genes in nucleus genome were mainly due to the nonsynonymous substitution difference.[Conclusion]The molecular evolutional rate of different functional genes and different lineages were influenced by selective pressure.The differences of molecular evolutional rate among nucleus,chloroplast and mitochondria genomes had no direct relationship with selective pressure.

Effects of particle size and particle interactions on scheelite flotation

Effects of size distribution (particle size and content of fine fraction (<10μm)) on scheelite flotation were studied using flotation tests and theoretical calculations. The results show that particle size influences the scheelite recovery and the performance of combined reagents. The scheelite recovery is lowered by adding fine particles (<10μm) into the pulp containing coarse particles. Extended DLVO (EDLVO) theory confirms that the fine fractions (<10μm) could interface with the coarse fractions. The interaction energy and fluid forces are relative to the particle size, which might explain why the fine fractions influence the scheelite flotation. The highest recovery of scheelite using combined reagents as collector and optimum ratio of combined reagents were determined by scheelite particle size and reagent performance. However, the optimum adding order was only determined by reagent performance, which has nothing to do with particle size.

Effect of sodium hexametaphosphate on separation of serpentine from pyrite

The effect of sodium hexametaphosphate（SHMP） on the separation of serpentine from pyrite and its mechanism were studied systematically through flotation tests,sedimentation tests,surface dissolution,ζ potential tests,adsorption measurements,and infrared spectroscopic analyses.The results show that the SHMP could significantly reduce the adverse effect of serpentine on the flotation of pyrite and make the mixed sample of pyrite and serpentine more disperse in the alkaline condition,thus improve the adsorption of xanthate on pyrite.The action mechanism of the SHMP is that it lowers the pH value at the isoelectric point of serpentine and enhances the negative charge through the dissolution of magnesium from the surface of serpentine and adsorbing on the surface of serpentine.It changes the total interaction energy between serpentine and pyrite from gravitational potential energy to repulse potential energy,according to the calculation of the EDLVO theory.

吉林省桦甸低品位硅藻土提纯及生产食品用助滤剂研究

针对吉林省桦甸市二、三级硅藻土的特征 ,采用热浮选 磁选 酸煮法提纯工艺 ,得到了超过一级土指标的精土 。

透辉石作陶瓷原料的试验研究

某透辉石矿含Ｆｅ２Ｏ３４．８３％，采用磁选、酸洗后可降至１．１２％。除铁后透辉石可作墙地砖坯体原料，用量可达５０％～６０％；也可作新型釉料乳浊剂，比锆英石乳浊剂节能、价格低。

Influence of sodium 2,3-dihydroxypropyl dithiocarbonate on floatability of chalcopyrite and galena

Sodium 2,3-dihydroxypropyl dithiocarbonate（SGX）, which contains —OH and —CSS— in the molecule, was used to explore selective depression of galena from chalcopyrite in the flotation tests with ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate（DDTP）, and zeta potential and adsorption measurements were performed to study the interaction between SGX and minerals. The flotation tests of single minerals show that SGX has slight activation on chalcopyrite and strong depression on galena in the whole p H range. With SGX dosage increasing, the recovery of galena decreases rapidly, while that of chalcopyrite increases slightly. At p H=6, the copper grade and recovery of concentrate are 29.52% and 82.15% respectively when mixture of two minerals is tested. Zeta potential and adsorption measurements indicate that SGX has strong adsorption on galena and slight adsorption on chalcopyrite.