In this study,11 cultivars of cassava（Manihot esculenta Crantz） were taken as materials to determine the starch contents and the ability to produce ethanol with uncooked and cooked materials.The results showed that ...In this study,11 cultivars of cassava（Manihot esculenta Crantz） were taken as materials to determine the starch contents and the ability to produce ethanol with uncooked and cooked materials.The results showed that the starch content differed among different cultivars.Among the 11 cultivars,SC9 had the highest starch content（82.33%）.The ethanol yield of cooked material was significantly higher than that of uncooked material.Moreover,there was a significant difference in ethanol yield among different cultivars.For the uncooked materials,H680 produced the most ethanol yield（9.7%）;while for the cooked materials,H609 produced the most ethanol yield（13.8%）.展开更多
An attempt has been made to improve the paste stabilities both in viscosity of a hot starch paste and in phase of a starch-polyvinyl alcohol blend paste for warp sizing. The phase stability was evaluated in terms of t...An attempt has been made to improve the paste stabilities both in viscosity of a hot starch paste and in phase of a starch-polyvinyl alcohol blend paste for warp sizing. The phase stability was evaluated in terms of the initial demixing time, and the volume percentage of polyvinyl alcohol separated. It was found that starch cross-linking is harmful to the phase stability of a starch-polyvinyl alcohol blend paste no matter what a type of polyvinyl alcohol is used, although the cross-linking is an effective technique for stabilizing the viscosity of a hot starch paste. The separation rate and extent all increase with the increase in the cross-linking degree of starch. However, this defect can be eliminated through introducing quaternary ammonium groups into crosslinked starch molecules. Evident effect can be achieved when the degree of substitution is as less as 0.021. Generally, increase in the DS reduces the separation rate and extent, and thereby raising the phase stability. Moreover, the effects of both starch content and PVA type on the separation are also considered. Cationization after starch cross-linking shows improved stabilities both in viscosity and phase.展开更多
Ethanol-water near-azeotropic mixture dehydration was investigated by formulated compound starchbased adsorbent(CSA), which consists of corn, sweet potato and foaming agent. The net retention time and separation facto...Ethanol-water near-azeotropic mixture dehydration was investigated by formulated compound starchbased adsorbent(CSA), which consists of corn, sweet potato and foaming agent. The net retention time and separation factor of water over ethanol were measured by inverse gas chromatography(IGC). Results indicated that water has a longer net retention time than ethanol and that low temperature is beneficial to this dehydration process. Orthogonal test was conducted under different vapor feed flow rates, bed temperatures and bed heights, to obtain optimal fixed-bed dehydration condition. Dynamic saturated adsorbance was also studied. It was found that CSA has the same water adsorption capacity(0.15 g/g)as some commercial molecular sieves. Besides, this biosorptive dehydration process was found to be the most energy-efficient compared with other ethanol purification processes.展开更多
In this study, the mechanical properties （tensile strength, elongation at break and folding resistance） of edible biopolymer film blends formed from blended cassava starch and rice flour at different compositions wi...In this study, the mechanical properties （tensile strength, elongation at break and folding resistance） of edible biopolymer film blends formed from blended cassava starch and rice flour at different compositions with sorbital used as a plasticizer. A suitable ratio of cassava starch and rice flour to water at 10% w/v was used to form a film solution. The addition of a plasticizer agent up to 30% w/w of blending compositions improved the mechanical properties of the generated films. The mechanical properties of the edible blended films with 30% plasticizer were strongly dependent on the blending compositions. Our results pointed out that the cassava starch and rice flour films at a ratio of 70：30 with sorbitol 30% （w/w） had the highest tensile strength which related to folding endurance of the films.展开更多
Considering limited success in target-hitting discharge from alcohol industry, our attention was directed toward a recycling use of distillery spentwash (DS) in cassava bioethanol production by using a two-stage up-fl...Considering limited success in target-hitting discharge from alcohol industry, our attention was directed toward a recycling use of distillery spentwash (DS) in cassava bioethanol production by using a two-stage up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket bioremediation (TS-UASBB). With the TS-UASBB, 2 4 SO , COD, N and P in the effluent from the DS degraded significantly and their concentrations were kept at 0.2 g·L -1 , 2.0 g·L -1 , 1.0 g·L -1 and 15 mg·L -1 , respectively, in 13 batch processes for water-recycled ethanol fermentation. With the effluent used directly as dilution water, no heat-resistant bacteria were found alive. The thirteen-batch ethanol production individually achieved 10% after 48 h fermentation. The starch utilization ratio and total sugar consumption were 90% and 99.5%, respectively. The novel water-recycled bioethanol production process with ethanol fermentation and TS-UASBB has a considerable potential in other starchy and cellulosic ethanol production.展开更多
基金Supported by Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-12)Hunan Agricultural University Youth Science Foundation(12QN13)~~
文摘In this study,11 cultivars of cassava（Manihot esculenta Crantz） were taken as materials to determine the starch contents and the ability to produce ethanol with uncooked and cooked materials.The results showed that the starch content differed among different cultivars.Among the 11 cultivars,SC9 had the highest starch content（82.33%）.The ethanol yield of cooked material was significantly higher than that of uncooked material.Moreover,there was a significant difference in ethanol yield among different cultivars.For the uncooked materials,H680 produced the most ethanol yield（9.7%）;while for the cooked materials,H609 produced the most ethanol yield（13.8%）.
文摘An attempt has been made to improve the paste stabilities both in viscosity of a hot starch paste and in phase of a starch-polyvinyl alcohol blend paste for warp sizing. The phase stability was evaluated in terms of the initial demixing time, and the volume percentage of polyvinyl alcohol separated. It was found that starch cross-linking is harmful to the phase stability of a starch-polyvinyl alcohol blend paste no matter what a type of polyvinyl alcohol is used, although the cross-linking is an effective technique for stabilizing the viscosity of a hot starch paste. The separation rate and extent all increase with the increase in the cross-linking degree of starch. However, this defect can be eliminated through introducing quaternary ammonium groups into crosslinked starch molecules. Evident effect can be achieved when the degree of substitution is as less as 0.021. Generally, increase in the DS reduces the separation rate and extent, and thereby raising the phase stability. Moreover, the effects of both starch content and PVA type on the separation are also considered. Cationization after starch cross-linking shows improved stabilities both in viscosity and phase.
基金Supported by the Independent Innovation Foundation of Tianjin University(No.2010XY-0013)
文摘Ethanol-water near-azeotropic mixture dehydration was investigated by formulated compound starchbased adsorbent(CSA), which consists of corn, sweet potato and foaming agent. The net retention time and separation factor of water over ethanol were measured by inverse gas chromatography(IGC). Results indicated that water has a longer net retention time than ethanol and that low temperature is beneficial to this dehydration process. Orthogonal test was conducted under different vapor feed flow rates, bed temperatures and bed heights, to obtain optimal fixed-bed dehydration condition. Dynamic saturated adsorbance was also studied. It was found that CSA has the same water adsorption capacity(0.15 g/g)as some commercial molecular sieves. Besides, this biosorptive dehydration process was found to be the most energy-efficient compared with other ethanol purification processes.
文摘In this study, the mechanical properties （tensile strength, elongation at break and folding resistance） of edible biopolymer film blends formed from blended cassava starch and rice flour at different compositions with sorbital used as a plasticizer. A suitable ratio of cassava starch and rice flour to water at 10% w/v was used to form a film solution. The addition of a plasticizer agent up to 30% w/w of blending compositions improved the mechanical properties of the generated films. The mechanical properties of the edible blended films with 30% plasticizer were strongly dependent on the blending compositions. Our results pointed out that the cassava starch and rice flour films at a ratio of 70：30 with sorbitol 30% （w/w） had the highest tensile strength which related to folding endurance of the films.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （2008AA10Z338） the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20906041）
文摘Considering limited success in target-hitting discharge from alcohol industry, our attention was directed toward a recycling use of distillery spentwash (DS) in cassava bioethanol production by using a two-stage up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket bioremediation (TS-UASBB). With the TS-UASBB, 2 4 SO , COD, N and P in the effluent from the DS degraded significantly and their concentrations were kept at 0.2 g·L -1 , 2.0 g·L -1 , 1.0 g·L -1 and 15 mg·L -1 , respectively, in 13 batch processes for water-recycled ethanol fermentation. With the effluent used directly as dilution water, no heat-resistant bacteria were found alive. The thirteen-batch ethanol production individually achieved 10% after 48 h fermentation. The starch utilization ratio and total sugar consumption were 90% and 99.5%, respectively. The novel water-recycled bioethanol production process with ethanol fermentation and TS-UASBB has a considerable potential in other starchy and cellulosic ethanol production.
