Several macroporous polymeric adsorbents (NDA-999, XAD-8, X-5 and XAD-2) were employed in the study to adsorb phenylacetic acid from aqueous solution. Effect of salt and ambient temperature on adsorption was studied u...Several macroporous polymeric adsorbents (NDA-999, XAD-8, X-5 and XAD-2) were employed in the study to adsorb phenylacetic acid from aqueous solution. Effect of salt and ambient temperature on adsorption was studied using NDA-999 adsorbent and the adsorption process conforms to Freundlich抯 model reasonably. Adsorption dynamics were conducted in batch experiments in order to make clear the mechanism of adsorption process. It is proved that the squared driving force mass transfer model can be adopted to elucidate the process. The treatment process of industrial wastewater containing high strength of phenylacetic acid was proposed for cleaner production of phenylacetic acid.展开更多
The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of lead acetate on the ultrastructure of albino rat hepatocytes with special reference to its effect on the mitochondrial and lysosomal activity. Lead acetat...The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of lead acetate on the ultrastructure of albino rat hepatocytes with special reference to its effect on the mitochondrial and lysosomal activity. Lead acetate was given orally to albino rats at a dose of 1% lead acetate / 100 g body weight, three times / week for one month （Gila）, two months （Glib）, three months （GIIc）. Liver total protein, body / liver weight ratio and cytochrome P-450 value were calculated. Three parts of the liver samples were incubated in media containing adenosine triphosphate, p-nitrophenyl phosphate and 2% glutlraldehyde and prepared for electron microscopy to visualize adenosine triphosphatase, acid phosphatase and the fine structures ofhepatocytes respectively. The main changes of the fine structures was found in the nucleus, as irregularity of the nuclear membrane, clumped heterochromatin and sun radiation of lead inclusion bodies. The cytoplasm was characterized by shortened, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, destroyed and hazy mitochondria with increased number of lysosomes with storage secretion. Ultrastructure findings showed hepatocytes damage due to increased hydrolysis enzymes and decreased cytotoxic enzymes （cytochrome P-450） as well as oxidative enzymes that proved the toxic effect of lead according to the duration of exposure.展开更多
Strength properties of laboratory scale lime-based samples enhanced with additives such as nanomaterials(nanofibrillated cellulose,nanosilica,nanoclay,expanded graphite),hemp&glass fibres,hemp shiv and polyvinyl a...Strength properties of laboratory scale lime-based samples enhanced with additives such as nanomaterials(nanofibrillated cellulose,nanosilica,nanoclay,expanded graphite),hemp&glass fibres,hemp shiv and polyvinyl acetate(PVAc)are determined.Samples were cured for 26 days in air at 20℃/60%RH after casting before being oven dried for a further two days at 50℃(28 days total).Results show that the nanomaterials on their own had a mixed effect on the strength although nSiO_(2) as a solo additive performed exceptionally well.The combination of fibres in conjunction with PVAc also greatly enhanced the strength due to increased bond between the fibres and the matrix.In addition,Greenhouse Gas emissions(GHG,kgCO_(2)eq)of an arbitrary block was determined for all composites and compared to the GHG of a commonly used lightweight aerated concrete block.Comparison of the normalised compressive strengths to the different loading conditions as outlined in BS EN 8103 shows that a more widespread use of pre-cast lime composites is possible and without unduly increasing GHG emissions.展开更多
文摘Several macroporous polymeric adsorbents (NDA-999, XAD-8, X-5 and XAD-2) were employed in the study to adsorb phenylacetic acid from aqueous solution. Effect of salt and ambient temperature on adsorption was studied using NDA-999 adsorbent and the adsorption process conforms to Freundlich抯 model reasonably. Adsorption dynamics were conducted in batch experiments in order to make clear the mechanism of adsorption process. It is proved that the squared driving force mass transfer model can be adopted to elucidate the process. The treatment process of industrial wastewater containing high strength of phenylacetic acid was proposed for cleaner production of phenylacetic acid.
文摘The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of lead acetate on the ultrastructure of albino rat hepatocytes with special reference to its effect on the mitochondrial and lysosomal activity. Lead acetate was given orally to albino rats at a dose of 1% lead acetate / 100 g body weight, three times / week for one month （Gila）, two months （Glib）, three months （GIIc）. Liver total protein, body / liver weight ratio and cytochrome P-450 value were calculated. Three parts of the liver samples were incubated in media containing adenosine triphosphate, p-nitrophenyl phosphate and 2% glutlraldehyde and prepared for electron microscopy to visualize adenosine triphosphatase, acid phosphatase and the fine structures ofhepatocytes respectively. The main changes of the fine structures was found in the nucleus, as irregularity of the nuclear membrane, clumped heterochromatin and sun radiation of lead inclusion bodies. The cytoplasm was characterized by shortened, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, destroyed and hazy mitochondria with increased number of lysosomes with storage secretion. Ultrastructure findings showed hepatocytes damage due to increased hydrolysis enzymes and decreased cytotoxic enzymes （cytochrome P-450） as well as oxidative enzymes that proved the toxic effect of lead according to the duration of exposure.
基金supported by the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research and Iraqi Cultural Attache in London,who supported the research studies for F.J.Khalaf.
文摘Strength properties of laboratory scale lime-based samples enhanced with additives such as nanomaterials(nanofibrillated cellulose,nanosilica,nanoclay,expanded graphite),hemp&glass fibres,hemp shiv and polyvinyl acetate(PVAc)are determined.Samples were cured for 26 days in air at 20℃/60%RH after casting before being oven dried for a further two days at 50℃(28 days total).Results show that the nanomaterials on their own had a mixed effect on the strength although nSiO_(2) as a solo additive performed exceptionally well.The combination of fibres in conjunction with PVAc also greatly enhanced the strength due to increased bond between the fibres and the matrix.In addition,Greenhouse Gas emissions(GHG,kgCO_(2)eq)of an arbitrary block was determined for all composites and compared to the GHG of a commonly used lightweight aerated concrete block.Comparison of the normalised compressive strengths to the different loading conditions as outlined in BS EN 8103 shows that a more widespread use of pre-cast lime composites is possible and without unduly increasing GHG emissions.
