缓倾斜中厚矿体机械化采矿理论与技术

缓倾斜中厚矿体开采难度很大,开采过程中状况多发。文章研究了缓倾斜中厚矿体机械化采矿理论和技术,分析了现阶段缓倾斜中厚矿体开采技术的发展情况和有待改进的问题,并对缓倾斜中厚矿体开采理论与技术进行了讨论。

缓倾斜中厚矿体机械化采矿理论与技术

目前,我国的缓倾斜中厚矿体机械化水平仍处于滞后的阶段,其中还存在一定的技术问题,从而造成缓倾斜中厚矿体在开采作业中面临巨大的挑战。因此,要高度重视缓倾斜中厚矿体机械化采矿理论与技术问题,不断提高和完善缓倾斜中厚矿体机械化水平,本文针对缓倾斜中厚矿体机械化采矿理论与技术进行了深入的研究分析,并针对缓倾斜中厚矿体在开采作业中所存在的问题,提出了相关有效的解决对策。

缓倾斜中厚矿体机械化采矿理论与技术

在当前的采矿作业中,缓倾斜中厚矿体的开采是一个技术性难题,对机械化采矿技术来说是一个严峻的挑战。本篇文章从分析缓倾斜中厚矿体的特点入手,对缓倾斜中厚矿体机械化采矿技术作详细探讨,并得出结论供同行参考借鉴。

缓倾斜中厚矿体机械化采矿理论与技术分析

本文将从缓倾斜中厚矿体的概述角度出发,分析当前我国在开采缓倾斜中厚矿体时常见的各类问题,进而结合实际工程案例深入探析缓倾斜中厚矿体机械化采矿理论与技术,对相关技术的实际应用加以详细介绍,以期为有关部门提供可靠参考。

现代采矿技术理论概述

煤炭在我国经济发展和社会发展中的地位与作用是显而易见的。根据国民经济发展对能源需要的预测，我国煤炭最低的需求量2010年为3000Mt，2020年为3500Mt．2050年为5000Mt．到2050年煤炭占一次能源需求的比例（不计生物质能）仍约55％。届时，石油供需缺口预计将达到400Mt以上，全靠进口是不可能的．还需依靠煤炭生产合成液体燃料来替代。从这个意义上来说，煤炭在未来我国能源系统中的地位将更为重要。现代采矿技术的发展与采矿理论的发展是密切相关的．它们相互依存、相互促进、共同发辰．．现代采矿理论与系统工程紧密相联，系统工程理论和方法渗透到采矿工程中的的各个方面，使采矿理论有了新的进展．

国外露天采矿方法理论的发展

进一步阐明了露天采矿方法的概念、实质及其分类的基础， 提出了延深—全面法作为一组独立采矿方法应用的特点、条件、范围， 指出了利用模拟计算深入研究采矿方法发展的必要性和重要性。

风氧化带内煤层安全开采的试验研究

根据现场观测和工程实践,论述了风氧化带内煤层开采时,覆岩破坏移动特征,风化带岩石属性和风氧化带内煤层安全开采机理的定性、定量分析.提出了风氧化带煤层开采无垮落带;受采动影响后,具阻水和抑制导水裂隙带继续发展的双重作用以及适当加大开采厚度等新观点.对两淮煤田浅部煤层安全开采和老矿挖潜具有重要的参考价值.

自然崩落法放矿控制技术与管理

放矿控制是自然崩落法矿山生产过程中的一个重要环节。本文根据铜矿峪矿自然崩落法十多年的生产实践 ,对放矿控制技术与管理进行了系统地论述与总结 ,希望能为采矿理论研究与矿山生产提供一定的借鉴。

Theoretical design and dynamic simulation of new mining paths of tracked miner on deep seafloor

With comprehensive considerations of the operational safety and collection efficiency for the tracked miner collecting the seafloor poly-metallic nodules, two new improved mining paths for the miner on the deep seafloor were proposed. Compared to the conventional mining path, the design principles and superiorities of the two new paths are that the miner turning with relative long radius should avoid large sinkage and high slip, so as to ensure its operational safety, while the space between its straight-line trajectories before and after the turning is optimum, which is designed as the total width of the miner, and collect nodules as more as possible, so as to ensure its collection efficiency. To realize the new mining paths, theoretical designs and quantitative calculations were carried out to determine the exact positions for the speed controls of the miner during its whole operation process. With the new dynamic model of the miner, and through regulations of the speeds of the left and right tracks of the miner on the exact motion positions according to the theoretical calculations, the two new improved mining paths for the miner on the seafloor were successfully simulated, thus the turning radius of the miner in the simulation is about 21.8 m, while the distance between the straight-line trajectories before and after the turning is about 5.2 m. The dynamic simulation results preliminarily prove the feasibility of these two new mining paths, and further can provide important theoretical guidance and useful technical reference for the practical tracked miner operation and control on the seafloor.

Optimization of mining method in subsea deep gold mines: A case study

The mining method optimization in subsea deep gold mines was studied. First, an index system for subsea mining method selection was established based on technical feasibility, security status, economic benefit, and management complexity. Next, an evaluation matrix containing crisp numbers and triangular fuzzy numbers(TFNs) was constructed to describe quantitative and qualitative information simultaneously. Then, a hybrid model combining fuzzy theory and the Tomada de Decis?o Interativa Multicritério(TODIM) method was proposed. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed approach was validated by an illustrative example of selecting the optimal mining method in the Sanshandao Gold Mine(China). The robustness of this approach was demonstrated through a sensitivity analysis. The results show that the proposed hybrid TODIM method is reliable and stable for choosing the optimal mining method in subsea deep gold mines and provides references for mining method optimization in other similar undersea mines.

Fractal evolution mechanism of rock fracture in undersea metal mining

Through rock mechanics test, similar simulation experiment, borehole photographic observation of rock fissure, numerical simulation calculation of plastic zone distribution and deformation monitoring of rock mass during undersea mining, the fractal evolution mechanisms of rock fracture in undersea metallic deposits of Sanshandao Gold Mine were studied by fractal theory. The experimental researches on granite mechanics test in undersea deposit indicate that with the increase of load, the granite deformation energy and the fractal dimension of acoustic emission(FDAE) increase gradually. However, after reaching the peak stress of specimen, the fractal dimensions of acoustic emission(FDAEs) decrease and the granite specimen fails. Therefore, the fractal dimension evolution of rock failure can be divided into four stages, which are fissure inoculation stage, fissure growth stage, fissure expansion stage and fracture instability stage, respectively. By calculating and analyzing the damage photographs of rock specimens in Sanshandao Gold Mine, the fractal dimension of rock fissure is 1.4514, which is close to the average value of FDAE during granite destruction, i.e., 1.4693. Similar simulation experiments of undersea mining show that with the excavation proceeding, the FDAE in rock stratum increases gradually, and when the thickness of the isolation roof is less than 40 m, the FDAE begins to decrease, and meanwhile the sign of water inrush emerges. The numerical simulation researches on the plastic zone distribution of undersea mining in Sanshandao Gold Mine indicate that the fractal dimension of plastic zone(FDPZ) where the failure characteristics occur is 1.4598, close to the result of similar simulation experiment of 1.4364, which shows the sign of water inrush. Meanwhile, the thickness of the isolation roof for undersea mining should be more than 40 m, which is consistent with the results of similar simulation experiment. In Sanshandao Gold Mine, the rock fissures in undersea mining were observed by borehole photography and the rock mass deformation was monitored by multi-point displacement meters, and at the same time the fractal dimensions of strata borehole fissure distribution and energy release ratio(ERR) of rock mass were calculated by fractal principle, which are 1.2328 and 1.2685, respectively. The results demonstrate that rock deformation and fissure propagation are both in the second stage of fissure growth, and have not reached the fourth stage of fracture instability. Therefore, the conclusion can be obtained that the undersea mining in Sanshandao Gold Mine is safe at present.

Influence of wave and current on deep-sea mining transporting system

As a solution to the breaking of pipeline under high axial force,carbon fiber composite pipe with low density and high intensity is applied to deep-sea mining transporting system.Based on the fact that the transporting pipe is under the forces of gravity,inner liquid,buoyancy as well as hydrodynamic force,geometric nonlinear finite element theory has been applied to analyzing the transporting system.Conclusions can be drawn as follows.Under the interaction of waves and currents,node forces FX and FZ acted by the transporting pipe on the mining vehicle are less than 2 kN,which indicates that waves and currents have little influence on the spatial shape of the transporting pipe and the mining vehicle movement.On the other hand,the horizontal force acting on the mining ship could be as large as 106 830 N,which has great influence on the mining system.

Optimization model of unascertained measurement for underground mining method selection and its application

An optimization model of underground mining method selection was established on the basis of the unascertained measurement theory.Considering the geologic conditions,technology,economy and safety production,ten main factors influencing the selection of mining method were taken into account,and the comprehensive evaluation index system of mining method selection was constructed.The unascertained evaluation indices corresponding to the selected factors for the actual situation were solved both qualitatively and quantitatively.New measurement standards were constructed.Then,the unascertained measurement function of each evaluation index was established.The index weights of the factors were calculated by entropy theory,and credible degree recognition criteria were established according to the unascertained measurement theory.The results of mining method evaluation were obtained using the credible degree criteria,thus the best underground mining method was determined.Furthermore,this model was employed for the comprehensive evaluation and selection of the chosen standard mining methods in Xinli Gold Mine in Sanshandao of China.The results show that the relative superiority degrees of mining methods can be calculated using the unascertained measurement optimization model,so the optimal method can be easily determined.Meanwhile,the proposed method can take into account large amount of uncertain information in mining method selection,which can provide an effective way for selecting the optimal underground mining method.

Selection method of risk response schemes for mining project based on fuzzy preference relations

To overcome the subjectivity of experts in the process of risk response scheme selection, according to the theory of group decision making, a selection method and flow of the risk response schemes for a mining project was proposed based on fuzzy preference relation and consistency induced ordered weighted averaging (C-IOWA) operator,which can overcome the loss of information in the process of group decision making to a great degree, and improve its efficiency and quality.A numeric example was introduced to illustrate the application of the method, also validating the method as scientific and practicable.