华北强震地形变及重力前兆特征与孕震机理

通过分析华北地区强震地形变及重力前兆特征，发现震前在较大范围内存在与构造密切相关的动力学过程；在震中区介质状态发生变化。在此基础上提出了改进的组合—硬化模式：调整单元的运动，牵动较大范围构造运动的加剧及断层两侧深层介质密度的变化；应力集中单元由于能量的不断积累，介质出现硬化过程。上述机理形成了前兆的各个阶段。

Study of the Gravity Changes before and after the Jingtai M_S5.9 Earthquake

By systematically analyzing the data of gravity reiteration in the Hexi region and taking a dynamic viewpoint, we have studied the evolution characters of gravity field during the preparation-occurrence of the Jingtai M S5.9 earthquake of June 6, 2000. The patterns of dynamic change of the gravity field clearly reflected how the gravity field evolved from the quasi-homogeneous state to non-homogeneous state for earthquake preparation and then the earthquake occurred. Besides, we have also studied the relation between the characteristic gravity change and strong earthquake activity.

Study on Precursory Features of the Lop M_S6. 0 Earthquake Based on GPS Continuous Observation Data and Mobile Gravity Data

Through calculating and analyzing of GPS continuous observation data and mobile gravity data,the study results from the data are as follows.( 1) The different movement rate of the fault ends provides conditions for stress accumulation.( 2) The high value zone of gravity anomaly appeared in the monitoring area before the earthquake,and gravity variation contour lines are parallel to the strike of fault; and the process of enhancingweakening-enhancing appeared in the regional gravity field before earthquake.

地面重力观测数据在地震预测中的应用研究与进展

地震发生过程和孕育机制异常复杂,加之大地震"非频发性"影响和人类对地球内部结构与活动规律认识的不足,使得地震预测极其困难。地面重力观测已经成为许多国家和地区研究地震前兆信息的主要途径之一。简要总结了中国大陆地面重力观测技术与观测网络:地面重力测量仪器从17世纪的惠更斯物理摆发展到今天的高精度绝对重力仪,测量精度已经达到±1×10-8m/s2。我国已相继建立了国家重力基本网、中国数字地震观测网络、中国地壳运动观测网络、中国大陆构造环境监测网络等,为重力场非潮汐变化、地震、构造运动等的监测提供了公共平台;通过具体震例阐述了地面重力观测数据在地震预测中的作用,利用地面重力观测数据能较好地捕捉强震孕育过程的重力变化信息,为强震中长期预测提供重要依据;分析了震前区域重力场的时空变化特征及其与强震的关系:在震级高于MS5.0的地震发生前,一般都会出现较大幅度和范围的重力异常区。强震主要发生在重力场变化分布差异较为剧烈的地区。重力场动态变化图像能够比较清晰地反映大地震在孕育和发生过程中的前兆信息。最后,提出了地面重力技术在地震前兆观测中存在的问题,并对利用重力测量资料开展地震预测研究进行了展望。