重动式同形回指假说

本文提出了重动式的“同形回指假说”:重动式是使用同形回指手段在线建立起来的具有篇章属性的小句复合体,前段为先行语,后段动词为照应语,截取前段部分而成并由前段赋值。与其他同类或同功能手段相比,重动式表达了“某事件过程-结果”承继关系,相较其他同类同功能格式,其独特价值在于“增元”,描写过程对外部论元造成的结果状态。

现代汉语重动式的事件融合研究

本研究从事件语义学的视角,基于表征大学校园生活9类高频事件的重动式封闭语料,探讨了现代汉语重动式表征的宏事件数目和类型及各原型宏事件中框架事件与副事件的事件融合原则,并构建了重动式事件融合的事件结构模型来识解同一背景事件与不同框架事件融合为不同宏事件类型的认知机制。主要发现:(1)重动式表征的原型宏事件类型为状态变化事件、体相事件及导航事件,其中,导航事件为本研究首次提出;(2)事件融合原则主要体现为框架事件与副事件之间的支撑关系;(3)重动式中同一背景事件与不同框架事件融合为三类原型宏事件是由于对事件结构模型中结果向量、时间轴及事件场景中的导航三个因素的突显。

现代汉语重动式概念结构考察

现代汉语重动式由VO和VC两部分构成,其中V重复出现,VC部分是语义核心。重动式可以表达简单事件或复合概念事件中的单元事件,且单元事件中,VC承担主事件,VO承担副事件。VC部分以V为核心,若V是运动动词,则一般编码“运动”和“方式”要素,C编码“路径”,也有部分运动动词核心编码“运动”和“路径”。重动式中,主事件的凸显程度高于副事件,且重动式凸体的凸显性低于致动动结式、“把”字式,高于自动动结式。

重动式“(S)VO_(1)V到O_(2)”的构式化及其历时演变

文章认为,重动式“(S)VO1V到O2”经由小句整合产生,主要发生在言域范畴内,整合过程中“VO1”经历了语义磨损与小句降级。该构式可分为五类,其构式化与演变过程可概括为:“分散小句>独立构式>内嵌构式>习语式”,构式的演变规律可简化为“‘VO1’到达抽象空间点>‘VO1’到达时间点>‘VO1’达到某种程度”。与同义构式相比,该构式具有四个方面的独特表达功能,即当“O2”指受事“O1”到达的处所时,或构式整体上表达说话人的隐喻或主观评价时,或当“O2”由表示量级的普通名词短语或表示程度的谓词性短语充当时,只能使用重动式“(S)VO1V到O2”。重动式“(S)VO1V到O2”构式的产生动因除了凸显拉长动作动程之外,还在于表达对非位移活动达到某种程度的主观评价。

基于改进熵权法的风电功率组合预测方法

对风电场输出功率进行精确的预测是保证含大规模风电电力系统安全稳定运行的重要手段。采用单一预测模型进行预测时,都会有各自的优势和劣势,为了更好地提高风电功率预测精度,提出了基于改进熵权法的风电功率组合预测方法,并同时采用滚动式权重,以此来实现对单一预测模型的互补。以吉林省西部某风电场的实测数据为例进行分析,说明了基于改进熵权法的风电功率组合预测方法在对风电功率进行预测时的有效性,同时证明了滚动式权重可以实现对权重的不断更新,使各权重值能够反映出风电功率的最新变化,从而实现了对风电功率预测精度的提高。

Calculation of earth pressure based on disturbed state concept theory

The theoretical formulations of Coulomb and Rankine still remain as the fundamental approaches to the analysis of most gravity-type retaining wall,with the assumption that sufficient lateral yield will occur to mobilize fully limited conditions behind the wall.The effects of the magnitude of wall movements and different wall-movement modes are not taken into consideration.The disturbance of backfill is considered to be related to the wall movement under translation mode.On the basis of disturbed state concept(DSC),a general disturbance function was proposed which ranged from-1 to 1.The disturbance variables could be determined from the measured wall movements.A novel approach that related to disturbed degree and the mobilized internal frictional angle of the backfill was also derived.A calculation method benefited from Rankine's theory and the proposed approach was established to predict the magnitude and distribution of earth pressure from the cohesionless backfill under translation mode.The predicted results,including the magnitude and distribution of earth pressure,show good agreement with those of the model test and the finite element method.In addition,the disturbance parameter b was also discussed.

Generation of Superpositions of Two-Mode Coherent States for the Motion of Two Trapped Ions

We propose a method for the generation of superpositions of two-mode coherent states for the center-of-mass and relative vibrational modes of two trapped ions. In the scheme the ions are driven by a single travelling-wave laser field tuned to the carrier. Then a measurement of the internal states collapses the vibrational modes to the entangled coherent state.

Gravitational Corrections to Energy-Levels of a Hydrogen Atom

The first-order perturbations of the energy levels of a hydrogen atom in central internal gravitational field are investigated. The internal gravitational field is produced by the mass of the atomic nucleus. The energy shifts are calculated for the relativistic 1S, 2S, 2P, 3S, 3P, 3D, 4S, and 4P levels with Schwarzschild metric. The calculated results show that the gravitational corrections are sensitive to the total angular momentum quantum number.

Negative Valve Overlap Mode of HCCI Operation Using Gasoline and Diesel Blended Fuels

The negative valve overlap (NVO) strategy of HCCI operation was experimentally investigated on a gasoline HCCI engine operated with variable valve timing in association with the addition of diesel fuel. The experimental results show that, by using gasoline and diesel blended fuels, the required NVO interval for suitable HCCI combustion under a given engine speed and a moderate compression ratio condition could be reduced, and the HCCI combustion region was extended remarkably without substantial increase in NOx emissions under a given inlet and exhaust valve timing due to the improvement of charge ignitability. In addition, the possible scale of NVO was extended. A substantial increase in the lean limit of excess air ratio and the upper limit of load range can be achieved because of higher volumetric efficiency, resulting from the decrease in the required NVO and the presence of less residual gases in cylinder.

Design Concept for an Anchored Diaphragm Wall in the Central Part of Budva, Montenegro

This paper presents a design concept and acceptance test application procedure for a deep pit protection structure. The structure is intended for use in the construction of three underground levels of a residential building： A, B, C and D, located in Block 10C, Budva, Montenegro. The anchored wall will consist of non-gravity cantilevered walls with three levels of ground anchors. Non-gravity cantilevered walls employ continuous walls constructed in slurry trenches （i.e., slurry （diaphragm） walls）, e.g., vertical elements that are drilled to depths below the finished excavation grade. For those non-gravity cantilevered walls, support is provided through the shear and bending stiffness of the vertical wall elements and passive resistance from the soil below the finished excavation grade. Anchored wall support relies on these components as well as lateral resistance provided by the ground anchors to resist horizontal pressures （e.g., earth, water and external loads） acting on the wall. The anchored wall analyzed in this paper will be recommended for use as a temporary supporting structure necessary for the excavation and erection of the underground structure. The design life of the temporary ground anchors is two years. Dynamic loads are not considered in this analysis.

Dynamic response law about gravity retaining wall to seismic characteristics and earth fill properties

In order to find the dynamic response laws of retaining walls affected by certain earthquake loads,the influence of the seismic wave characteristics and sub-grade fill parameters(including the foundation surface slope) were focused on,and a series of tests were performed.The results show that the maximum stress of the retaining wall decreases as internal friction angle,foundation slope,filled soil cohesion and the biggest dynamic elastic modulus increase,while it increases with the seismic frequency and seismic input peak dropping.The addition value of dynamics earth pressure increases when seismic frequency and seismic input peak are reduced,while it decreases when the filled soil cohesion and internal friction angle rise.Meanwhile,dynamic elastic modulus and foundation slope have no obvious influences on addition value of dynamics earth pressure.The slope will be instable if the seismic input peak exceeds 0.5g and be disruptive if seismic frequency is larger than 2.5 Hz.The mid-lower parts of retaining walls are in most heavy and obvious response to these factors,which reveals the mechanism of "belly burst" in retaining wall that appears commonly in practical projects.

Automated pattern-directed refactoring for complex conditional statements

Complex conditional statement is one of the bad code smells, which affects the quality of the code and design of software. In the proposed approach, two commonly-used design patterns for handling complex conditional statements are selected, and they are the factory method pattern and the strategy pattem. Two pattern-directed refactoring approaches based on the two design patterns are proposed. Each approach contains a refactoring opportunities identification algorithm and an automated refactoring algorithm. After parsing the abstract syntax tree generated from source code, the refactoring opportunities are identified effectively and automatically. Then, for candidate code, refactoring algorithms are executed automatically, which are used to simplify or remove complex conditional statements. By empirical analysis and quality assessment, the code after refactoring has better maintainability and extensibility, and the proposed approach for automated pattern-directed refactoring succeeds to reduce code size and complexity of classes.

Study on Feasibility of Reusable Rocket Launching Technology by Use of Scramjet and Maglev Technologies

The scramjet and maglev engineering technology development and trends at home and abroad are firstly presented in this paper. A new launch mode of space transportation system is proposed based on scramjet and magnetic suspension technologies, and its key technologies required are given. This paper also makes analysis on using scramjet and magnetic suspension technologies to launch a reusable rocket, and the results show that a normal temperature conductor maglev launch system is feasible.

Modified entropic gravity revisited

Inspired by Verlinde’s idea,some modified versions of entropic gravity have been suggested.Extending them in a unified formalism,herein we derive the generalized gravitational equations accordingly.From gravitational equations,the energy-momentum conservation law and cosmological equations are investigated.The covariant conservation law of energy-momentum tensor severely constrains viable modifications of entropic gravity.A discrepancy arises when two independent methods are applied to the homogeneous isotropic universe,posing a serious challenge to modified models of entropic gravity.