低温下生态浮床净化重污染河水的研究

为了提高普通植物浮床在低温条件下对重污染水体的净化效果,引入陶粒作为浮床基质,在重庆地区的临江河构筑了植物—陶粒生态浮床,研究了美人蕉、风车草浮床在低温条件下对重污染河水中TN、TP和COD的去除效果。结果表明,美人蕉、风车草浮床对TN的平均去除率分别为36.2%、35.3%,对TP的平均去除率分别为30.1%、30.8%,对COD的平均去除率分别为27.8%、31.7%;其中,美人蕉、风车草的吸收作用可去除水体中7.2%、5.4%的TN,8.3%、6.8%的TP,陶粒的净化作用可去除水体中10.1%的TN、13%的TP和13.9%的COD。水温>10℃时,美人蕉浮床的净化能力明显高于风车草浮床,而风车草浮床在10℃以下的净化效果较好。

曝气生态浮床/PRB组合工艺净化重污染河水研究

通过中试考察了曝气生态浮床/可渗滤反应墙(EAFB-PRB)组合工艺对重污染河水的净化效果。结果表明:组合工艺对COD、TN、NH4+-N和TP都有较好的去除效果,平均去除率分别为79.5%、27.9%、36.8%和87.0%;经处理后,水体的平均DO浓度由0.09mg/L提高到1.7mg/L;对TSS的平均去除率达95.4%,出水清澈透明,感官效果好。可见,该组合工艺是改善重污染河水水质的有效方法。

曝气生物滤池生物强化法处理重污染河水

利用曝气生物滤池(BAF)工艺,对重污染河水进行生物强化处理试验.分别考察温度、滤速、pH、污泥负荷等因素对原水中高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、浊度等主要水质指标的去除效果.结果表明,温度、pH、滤速等是影响BAF工艺处理重污染河水的敏感因子.同时还揭示出BAF能有效地去除原水中绝大多数细菌,去除率可达到90%以上.BAF处理重污染河水适宜的工艺参数为:气水比0.5~1.0,反冲洗周期为3~5 d,气、水联合反冲洗,反冲洗强度均为5~8 L/(m2.s),反冲洗时间为10~15 m in,温度23~30℃,pH值7.0~8.5,污泥负荷0.2~0.6 kgCODMn/(kgMLSS.d),滤速1.5~4.5 m3/(h.m2).连续运行结果表明,在此工艺参数下,BAF对重污染河水中的浊度、CODMn、氨氮、细菌的平均去除率分别为89.3%、87.3%、94.6%、96.7%,出水水质达到了地表水环境质量标准(GB3838-2002)中的基本项目目标限值中的I^II级标准,可作为工业生产用水,实现了重污染河水资源化.

混凝沉淀-垂直流人工湿地系统处理重污染河水

将混凝沉淀-垂直流人工湿地组合工艺用于处理重污染河水,简要介绍了工艺流程和设计参数,并对稳定期的运行数据进行了分析和讨论。连续十个月的水质监测结果表明,系统对重污染河水的净化效果显著,COD、BOD5、NH4+-N和TP的平均去除率分别为77.9%、79.4%、72.7%和83.8%。垂直流人工湿地对上述污染物均具有显著的去处效果,平均去除率均在50%以上;混凝沉淀对有机物和TP的去除效果较为理想,其中TP的平均去除率达到64.4%,但对NH4+-N的去除效果不显著,平均去除率不到10%。

Influence on shallow ground water by heavy metal in polluted river

The main purpose of the research is to study the influence on shallow ground water by heavy metal in polluted river. In the lab-scale experiment polluted rivers were simulated by domestic sewage, and three kinds of natural sand were chosen as infiltration medium, it was found that Cr（Ⅵ）penetrated on the 13th day and then had a removal ratio of 77%-99% in coarse sand,over 91% and 96% in two kinds of medium sand. From beginning to end in column 2 and column 3 the removal ratio of lead were greater than 97%. It is difficult for Cr（Ⅵ） and lead to enter ground water. In on-site test it indicates that the concentration of Cr（Ⅵ） in No.1-3 and coal yard well along the bank of Liangshui River is not greater than background concentration in groundwater, so Cr （Ⅵ） in Liangshui River has a little influence on ground water. The mechanism of Cr（Ⅵ） removal is reducing action and sedimentation. The removal mechanism of lead primarily is chemical adsorption and generation deposit. Cr（Ⅵ） mainly is transformed to precipitation by reducing action because of abundant reduction agent in the infiltration media, so the tests indicat that polluted river is not the source of Cr （Ⅵ） pollution in ground water. Generally lead may polluted soil, but not groundwater.

曝气生态浮床-渗透性反应墙组合工艺水质净化特性研究

通过中试研究,考察了EAFB-PRB组合工艺的动态水质净化特性。结果表明,在3种对比实验工况条件下,组合工艺在HRT为4.2 d时比较适宜,此时TN、TP和COD的平均去除率分别为42.15%、90.48%和61.71%;组合工艺对COD、TP的去除主要发生在浮床区,而PRB区是脱氮的主要单元,组合工艺弥补了单项技术的不足,提高了对污水水质的净化效果。