丹东市2013年AQI指数及污染解析

计算丹东市2013年每一天4个监测点位均值AQI指数,解析AQI的代表性及市区内PM10、SO2的空气质量状况。点位均值的AQI指数会平滑掉城市重污染点监测峰值,没有反映出城市局地污染现状,只代表城市空气质量的平均情况。丹东市环境空气PM10污染具有全市区性,SO2污染具有局地性,市中心一带污染较重。AQI指标不仅要反映城市整体空气质量的平均情况,更要体现局地污染等特殊情况,为环境管理和污染治理提供科学依据。

环境空气质量分析的实践与探讨

以丹东市环境空气质量分析为例对当前采用的环境空气质量分析方法的优缺点进行了评述,指出采用全市多点位平均值分析环境空气质量具有一定缺欠,它们的均值会平滑掉重污染点的监测峰值,反映不出城市应有的污染来;应把对重污染点的监测值的分析作为重点,辅以全市多点位的平均值,分析环境空气污染特征、变化规律,进而查找其污染原因,提出可行的减少或消除环境空气污染的措施和办法。

Characterization of Suspended Solids and Heavy Metal Distributions during First Flush in Highway Runoff

Nonpoint source pollution has gradually received attention during stormwater flush in highway runoff. The understanding the pollutant characteristics will be criticat issue to treat these types of pollution. In the present study, two monitoring stations were selected to measure hydrology and to take sampling during first flushing events at the Zhong-Shan freeway and East-West expressway in the Miaoli County, Taiwan. The results of monitoring stations in 2007 storm events found that normally the peak concentrations of total suspended solids （TSS） and heavy metals occurred at the initial stormwater and then the concentrations decreased when the measured time elapsed. The highest and lowest heavy metal concentrations were Fe and Ni, respectively, during the stormwater. Particle size distribution （PSD） mostly ranged from 12μm and 96 μm at two measured sites. The event mean concentrations （EMCs） and loadings of TSS and heavy metals were also correlated with total runoff and total rainfall.

南四湖水质空间分布监测分析与水环境问题解析

南四湖作为南水北调东线工程重要的输水通道和调蓄湖泊,其水质状况一直受到人们的广泛关注。根据南四湖水质空间分布监测数据,按平均综合污染指数Pj>2的标准共筛选出29个重污染测点,其中有19个处于重污染河口外混合区,说明南四湖污染物主要来自于重污染河流;南四湖2006年秋和2007年春监测的总体平均综合污染指数分别为2.12和1.98,表明南四湖污染依然相当严重,而且秋季比春季水质更差,按湖区南阳湖、微山湖岛北、小北湖的水质最差,特别是南阳湖水质四项主要指标平均超标2倍以上。南四湖两次监测CODcr、TP、TN的单项污染分摊率平均值依次为30.6%、36.0%、33.4%,表明南四湖的主要污染物是TP、TN、CODcr。因此,在调整区域内重污染企业工业结构的同时,应实行管辖区内工业和城市生活等污水的深度处理和截蓄导用,严格执行水污染物排放标准和总量控制指标。