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重物认知信息对搬举任务生物力学特性的影响
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作者 刘一鹏 刘骏识 曲行达 《深圳大学学报(理工版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第3期287-294,共8页
手工搬举导致的下背疼痛是最常见的职业损伤之一.为了解在手工搬举任务中,不同的重物认知信息对搬举生物力学特性的影响,招募24名有搬举工作经验的健康男性,完成在不同重物认知信息(质量提示信息和易碎性提示信息)和重物质量组合情况下... 手工搬举导致的下背疼痛是最常见的职业损伤之一.为了解在手工搬举任务中,不同的重物认知信息对搬举生物力学特性的影响,招募24名有搬举工作经验的健康男性,完成在不同重物认知信息(质量提示信息和易碎性提示信息)和重物质量组合情况下的搬举任务.重物提示信息设置了无信息、质量信息、易碎信息、同时提示质量和易碎信息4个水平.重物质量设置了轻、适中和重3个水平.分析结果显示,在提示易碎信息的情况下,受试人大腿和背部的肌肉活动减弱,下背力矩及髋关节最大角速度减小;随着搬举动作持续时间延长,下背受伤的风险增高;质量信息对下背生物力学无显著的影响;与认知信息相比,重物质量对搬举生物力学表现的影响更大.因此,相比给予重物信息提示,控制搬举负重是保障搬举工人腰背健康更有效的方式.研究结果可为制定安全手工搬举作业标准提供参考. 展开更多
关键词 生物力学 职业损伤 下背疼痛 搬举 重物信息 运动分析 表面肌电
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GIS-based Earthquake-Triggered Landslide Hazard Zoning Using Contributing Weight Model 被引量:6
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作者 WANG Meng 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2010年第4期339-352,共14页
Earthquake-triggered landslides have aroused widespread attention because of their tremendous ability to harm people's lives and properties.The best way to avoid and mitigate their damage is to develop landslide h... Earthquake-triggered landslides have aroused widespread attention because of their tremendous ability to harm people's lives and properties.The best way to avoid and mitigate their damage is to develop landslide hazard maps and make them available to the public in advance of an earthquake.Future construction can then be built according to the level of hazard and existing structures can be retrofit as necessary.During recent years various approaches have been made to develop landslide hazard maps using statistical analysis or physical models.However,these methods have limitations.This study introduces a new GIS-based approach,using the contributing weight model,to evaluate the hazard of seismically-induced landslides.In this study,the city and surrounding area of Dujiangyan was selected as the research area because of its moderate-high seismic activity.The parameters incorporated into the model that related to the probability of landslide occurrence were:slope gradient,slope aspect,geomorphology,lithology,base level,surface roughness,earthquake intensity,fault proximity,drainage proximity,and road proximity.The parameters were converted into raster data format with a resolution of 25×25m2 pixels.Analysis of the GIS correlations shows that the highest earthquake-induced landslide hazard areas are mainly in the hills and in some of the moderately steep mountainous areas of central Dujiangyan.The highest hazard zone covers an area of 11.1% of the study area,and the density distribution of seismically-induced landslides was 3.025/km2 from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.The moderately hazardous areas are mainly distributed within the moderately steep mountainous regions of the northern and southeastern parts of the study area and the hills of the northeastern part;covering 32.0% of the study area and with a density distribution of 2.123/km2 resulting from the Wenchuan earthquake.The lowest hazard areas are mainly distributed in the topographically flat plain in the northeastern part and some of the relatively gently slopes in the moderately steep mountainous areas of the northern part of Dujiangyan and the surrounding area.The lowest hazard areas cover 56.9% of the study area and exhibited landslide densities of 0.941/km2 and less from the Wenchuan earthquake.The quality of the hazard map was validated using a comparison with the distribution of landslides that were cataloged as occurring from the Wenchuan earthquake.43.1% of the study area consists of high and moderate hazardous zones,and these regions include 83.5% of landslides caused by the Wenchuan earthquake.The successful analysis shows that the contributing weight model can be effective for earthquake-triggered landslide hazard appraisal.The model's results can provide the basis for risk management and regional planning is. 展开更多
关键词 Earthquake-triggered landslide GIS Contributing weight model Hazard zoning
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