The incidence of obesity is steadily rising, and it has been estimated that 40% of the US population will be obese by the year 2025 if the current trend continues. In recent years there has been renewed interest in th...The incidence of obesity is steadily rising, and it has been estimated that 40% of the US population will be obese by the year 2025 if the current trend continues. In recent years there has been renewed interest in the surgical treatment of morbid obesity in concomitance with the epidemic of obesity. Bariatric surgery proved effective in providing weight loss of large magnitude, correction of comorbidities and excellent short-term and long-term outcomes, decreasing overall mortality and providing a marked survival advantage. The Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) has increased in popularity and is currently very "trendy" among laparoscopic surgeons involved in bariatric surgery. As LSG proved to be effective in achieving considerable weight loss in the short-term, it has been proposed by some as a sole bariatric procedure. This editorial focuses on the particular advantages of LSG in the treatment of morbid obesity.展开更多
AIM:To assess the long-term outcome of endoscopic hemorrhoid ligation (EHL) for the treatment of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids.METHODS:A total of 759 consecutive patients (415 males and 344 females) were enrolled.C...AIM:To assess the long-term outcome of endoscopic hemorrhoid ligation (EHL) for the treatment of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids.METHODS:A total of 759 consecutive patients (415 males and 344 females) were enrolled.Clinical presentations were rectal bleeding (593 patients) and mucosal prolapse (166 patients).All patients received EHL at outpatient clinics.Hemorrhoid severity was classified by Goligher's grading.The mean follow-up period was 55.4 mo (range,45-92 mo).RESULTS:The number of band ligations averaged 2.35 in the first session for bleeding and 2.69 for prolapsed patients.Bleeding was controlled in 587 (98.0%) patients,while prolapse was reduced in 137 (82.5%) patients.After treatment,93 patients experienced anal pain and 48 patients had mild bleeding.Patient subjective satisfaction was 93.6%.Repeat treatment or surgery was performed if symptoms were not relieved in the first session.In the bleeding group,the recurrence rate was 3.7% (22 patients) at 1 year,and 6.6%and 13.0% at 2 and 5 years.In the prolapsed group,the recurrence rate was 3.0%,9.6% and 16.9% at 1,2 and 5 years,respectively.CONCLUSION:EHL is an easy and well-tolerated procedure for the treatment of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids,with good long-term results.展开更多
AIM: To summarize clinical features of probable severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Beijing.METHODS: Retrospective cases involving 801 patients admitted to hospitals in Beijing between March and June 2003, wit...AIM: To summarize clinical features of probable severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Beijing.METHODS: Retrospective cases involving 801 patients admitted to hospitals in Beijing between March and June 2003, with a diagnosis of probable SARS, moderate type.The series of clinical manifestation, laboratory and radiograph data obtained from 801 cases were analyzed. RESULTS: One to three days after the onset of SARS, the major clinical symptoms were fever (in 88.14% of patients), fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia (25-36%), etc. The counts of WBC (in 22.56% of patients) lymphocyte (70.25%)and CD3, CD4, CD8 positive T cells (70%) decreased. From 4-7 d, the unspecific symptoms became weak; however, the rates of low respiratory tract symptoms, such as cough (24.18%), sputum production (14.26%), chest distress (21.04%) and shortness of breath (9.23%) increased, so did the abnormal rates on chest radiograph or CT. The low counts of WBC, lymphocyte and CD3, CD4, CD8 positiveT cells touched bottom. From 8 to 16 d, the patients presented progressive cough (29.96%), sputum production (13.09%), chest distress (29.96%) and shortness of breath (35.34%). All patients had infiltrates on chest radiograph or CT, some even with multi-infiltrates. Two weeks later, patients' respiratory symptoms started to alleviate, the infiltrates on the lung began to absorb gradually, the counts of WBC, lymphocyte and CD3, CD4, CD8 positive T cells were restored to normality.CONCLUSION: The data reported here provide evidence that the course of SARS could be divided into four stages, namely the initial stage, progressive stage, fastigium and convalescent stage.展开更多
How can choreography and physical theatre pieces continue to perpetuate the work after rendering？ How to preserve their aura, their dynamics, and their ephemeral and genuine nature, as Walter Benjamin said？ In 1936,...How can choreography and physical theatre pieces continue to perpetuate the work after rendering？ How to preserve their aura, their dynamics, and their ephemeral and genuine nature, as Walter Benjamin said？ In 1936, Benjamin already anticipated in The Work of Art in the Age of lts Technological Reproducibility that something is missing even in the best-finished reproduction. And memories of dance and physical theatre are intricate. The question is how to create a type of documentation that does not betray the vital flow of the event-based phenomenon. In this short article we will see a series of choreographic and performance artists like Esther Ferrer, Ayara Hern^indez Holz, and Olga de Soto who claimed a new form of organic documentation, making it turn performance or memory of viewers. Other creators as the company La Fura dels Baus claim documentation as spectacle and others on the opposite side, as Tino Sehgal propose radically non documentation of their work. Precisely, these different positions coincide with those of thinkers like Peggy Phelan, Sarah Bay-Cheng, or Paula Caspao who respect to a range of documentation and how it can never replace the live art.展开更多
Based on a variety of case histories of site investigations, including extensive bore hole data, laboratory testing and geophysical prospecting at more than 550 construction sites, an empirical formulation is proposed...Based on a variety of case histories of site investigations, including extensive bore hole data, laboratory testing and geophysical prospecting at more than 550 construction sites, an empirical formulation is proposed for the rapid determination of allowable bearing pressure of shallow foundations in soils and rocks. The proposed expression corroborates consistently with the results of the classical theory and is proven to be rapid, and reliable. Plate load tests have been also carried out at three different sites, in order to further confirm the validity of the proposed method. It consists of only two soil parameters, namely, the in situ measured shear wave velocity and the unit weight. The unit weight may be also determined with sufficient accuracy, by means of other empirical expressions proposed, using P or S -- wave velocities. It is indicated that once the shear and P-wave velocities are measured in situ by an appropriate geophysical survey, the allowable bearing pressure as well as the coefficient of subgrade reaction and many other elasticity parameters may be determined rapidly and reliably.展开更多
文摘The incidence of obesity is steadily rising, and it has been estimated that 40% of the US population will be obese by the year 2025 if the current trend continues. In recent years there has been renewed interest in the surgical treatment of morbid obesity in concomitance with the epidemic of obesity. Bariatric surgery proved effective in providing weight loss of large magnitude, correction of comorbidities and excellent short-term and long-term outcomes, decreasing overall mortality and providing a marked survival advantage. The Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) has increased in popularity and is currently very "trendy" among laparoscopic surgeons involved in bariatric surgery. As LSG proved to be effective in achieving considerable weight loss in the short-term, it has been proposed by some as a sole bariatric procedure. This editorial focuses on the particular advantages of LSG in the treatment of morbid obesity.
文摘AIM:To assess the long-term outcome of endoscopic hemorrhoid ligation (EHL) for the treatment of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids.METHODS:A total of 759 consecutive patients (415 males and 344 females) were enrolled.Clinical presentations were rectal bleeding (593 patients) and mucosal prolapse (166 patients).All patients received EHL at outpatient clinics.Hemorrhoid severity was classified by Goligher's grading.The mean follow-up period was 55.4 mo (range,45-92 mo).RESULTS:The number of band ligations averaged 2.35 in the first session for bleeding and 2.69 for prolapsed patients.Bleeding was controlled in 587 (98.0%) patients,while prolapse was reduced in 137 (82.5%) patients.After treatment,93 patients experienced anal pain and 48 patients had mild bleeding.Patient subjective satisfaction was 93.6%.Repeat treatment or surgery was performed if symptoms were not relieved in the first session.In the bleeding group,the recurrence rate was 3.7% (22 patients) at 1 year,and 6.6%and 13.0% at 2 and 5 years.In the prolapsed group,the recurrence rate was 3.0%,9.6% and 16.9% at 1,2 and 5 years,respectively.CONCLUSION:EHL is an easy and well-tolerated procedure for the treatment of symptomatic internal hemorrhoids,with good long-term results.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program), No. 2003AA208107 Correspondence to: Xiao-Yuan Xu
文摘AIM: To summarize clinical features of probable severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Beijing.METHODS: Retrospective cases involving 801 patients admitted to hospitals in Beijing between March and June 2003, with a diagnosis of probable SARS, moderate type.The series of clinical manifestation, laboratory and radiograph data obtained from 801 cases were analyzed. RESULTS: One to three days after the onset of SARS, the major clinical symptoms were fever (in 88.14% of patients), fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia (25-36%), etc. The counts of WBC (in 22.56% of patients) lymphocyte (70.25%)and CD3, CD4, CD8 positive T cells (70%) decreased. From 4-7 d, the unspecific symptoms became weak; however, the rates of low respiratory tract symptoms, such as cough (24.18%), sputum production (14.26%), chest distress (21.04%) and shortness of breath (9.23%) increased, so did the abnormal rates on chest radiograph or CT. The low counts of WBC, lymphocyte and CD3, CD4, CD8 positiveT cells touched bottom. From 8 to 16 d, the patients presented progressive cough (29.96%), sputum production (13.09%), chest distress (29.96%) and shortness of breath (35.34%). All patients had infiltrates on chest radiograph or CT, some even with multi-infiltrates. Two weeks later, patients' respiratory symptoms started to alleviate, the infiltrates on the lung began to absorb gradually, the counts of WBC, lymphocyte and CD3, CD4, CD8 positive T cells were restored to normality.CONCLUSION: The data reported here provide evidence that the course of SARS could be divided into four stages, namely the initial stage, progressive stage, fastigium and convalescent stage.
文摘How can choreography and physical theatre pieces continue to perpetuate the work after rendering？ How to preserve their aura, their dynamics, and their ephemeral and genuine nature, as Walter Benjamin said？ In 1936, Benjamin already anticipated in The Work of Art in the Age of lts Technological Reproducibility that something is missing even in the best-finished reproduction. And memories of dance and physical theatre are intricate. The question is how to create a type of documentation that does not betray the vital flow of the event-based phenomenon. In this short article we will see a series of choreographic and performance artists like Esther Ferrer, Ayara Hern^indez Holz, and Olga de Soto who claimed a new form of organic documentation, making it turn performance or memory of viewers. Other creators as the company La Fura dels Baus claim documentation as spectacle and others on the opposite side, as Tino Sehgal propose radically non documentation of their work. Precisely, these different positions coincide with those of thinkers like Peggy Phelan, Sarah Bay-Cheng, or Paula Caspao who respect to a range of documentation and how it can never replace the live art.
文摘Based on a variety of case histories of site investigations, including extensive bore hole data, laboratory testing and geophysical prospecting at more than 550 construction sites, an empirical formulation is proposed for the rapid determination of allowable bearing pressure of shallow foundations in soils and rocks. The proposed expression corroborates consistently with the results of the classical theory and is proven to be rapid, and reliable. Plate load tests have been also carried out at three different sites, in order to further confirm the validity of the proposed method. It consists of only two soil parameters, namely, the in situ measured shear wave velocity and the unit weight. The unit weight may be also determined with sufficient accuracy, by means of other empirical expressions proposed, using P or S -- wave velocities. It is indicated that once the shear and P-wave velocities are measured in situ by an appropriate geophysical survey, the allowable bearing pressure as well as the coefficient of subgrade reaction and many other elasticity parameters may be determined rapidly and reliably.
