To provide materials for the selection of plant species for vegetation restoration and reconstruction in the farming-pastoral zone in northern China, where the eco-environment has been already deteriorated by over-far...To provide materials for the selection of plant species for vegetation restoration and reconstruction in the farming-pastoral zone in northern China, where the eco-environment has been already deteriorated by over-farming and over-grazing, the suitable trees, shrubs and herbages were examined, screened and identified under the guidance of four principles of taking precedence for ecological conservation, being beneficial to economic production, matching species (trees, shrubs and herbages) with the site, and giving consideration to the integrity of local administrative division. According to the key ecological factors that determine species growth and distribution in the zone, i.e., the lowest daily mean temperature in a year, annual accumulated temperature, and water regimes represented by the moist index, the ratio between annual rainfall and accumulated temperature (>0 degreesC), as well as the soil type influenced by climate, surface substances and landform, the farming-pastoral zone was regionalized into seven parts: ( I) Western Songliao Plain and Da Hinggan Mountain Region; (II) Upper Liaohe River Sandy Region; (III) Mid-Eastern Nei Mongol Plateau and Northwestern Heibei Mountain Region; (IV) Luliang, Taihang and Yanshan Mountain Region; ( V) Ordos Plateau Sandy Region; (VI) Northern Shaanxi to Eastern Gansu Loess Plateau Region; and (VII) Mid Gansu to Eastern Qinghai Plateau Loess Region. And the suitable trees, shrubs and herbages for each region were selected and tabularly introduced in detail.展开更多
The selection of refracturing candidate is one of the most important jobs faced by oilfield engineers. However, due to the complicated multi-parameter relationships and their comprehensive influence, the selection of ...The selection of refracturing candidate is one of the most important jobs faced by oilfield engineers. However, due to the complicated multi-parameter relationships and their comprehensive influence, the selection of refracturing candidate is often very difficult. In this paper, a novel approach combining data analysis techniques and fuzzy clustering was proposed to select refracturing candidate. First, the analysis techniques were used to quantitatively calculate the weight coefficient and determine the key factors. Then, the idealized refracturing well was established by considering the main factors. Fuzzy clustering was applied to evaluate refracturing potential. Finally, reservoirs numerical simulation was used to further evaluate reservoirs energy and material basis of the optimum refracturing candidates. The hybrid method has been successfully applied to a tight oil reservoir in China. The average steady production was 15.8 t/d after refracturing treatment, increasing significantly compared with previous status. The research results can guide the development of tight oil and gas reservoirs effectively.展开更多
小麦条锈病是由小麦条锈菌引起的气传性真菌病害,在全球小麦种植区广泛发生,严重威胁小麦的安全生产。充分利用寄主抗病性是防治条锈病最经济的方法。富含亮氨酸重复类受体蛋白激酶(leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase,L...小麦条锈病是由小麦条锈菌引起的气传性真菌病害,在全球小麦种植区广泛发生,严重威胁小麦的安全生产。充分利用寄主抗病性是防治条锈病最经济的方法。富含亮氨酸重复类受体蛋白激酶(leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase,LRR-RLK)作为RLK家族最大分支的模式识别受体,在防御病菌入侵方面发挥重要作用。本研究系统鉴定了小麦LRR-RLKs家族成员,从小麦与条锈菌互作的转录组数据库中筛选出了43个显著差异表达的LRR-RLKs,最后选取了在亲和与非亲和互作过程中都显著上调表达的TaRLK3D.2为对象,利用实时定量PCR、亚细胞定位及大麦条纹花叶病毒介导的基因沉默初步研究了该基因在小麦与条锈菌互作过程中的功能。结果表明TaRLK3D.2定位于植物细胞膜,瞬时沉默TaRLK3.2后,条锈菌侵染严重度显著下降,生长发育变慢。作为典型的LRR-RLKs家族成员,TaRLK3D.2在小麦条锈菌侵染过程中可能行使感病功能。本研究初步明确了该基因的功能,以该基因为靶标通过基因编辑或诱变获取稳定的功能缺失突变体可创制持久抗条锈病材料,为生产服务。展开更多
文摘To provide materials for the selection of plant species for vegetation restoration and reconstruction in the farming-pastoral zone in northern China, where the eco-environment has been already deteriorated by over-farming and over-grazing, the suitable trees, shrubs and herbages were examined, screened and identified under the guidance of four principles of taking precedence for ecological conservation, being beneficial to economic production, matching species (trees, shrubs and herbages) with the site, and giving consideration to the integrity of local administrative division. According to the key ecological factors that determine species growth and distribution in the zone, i.e., the lowest daily mean temperature in a year, annual accumulated temperature, and water regimes represented by the moist index, the ratio between annual rainfall and accumulated temperature (>0 degreesC), as well as the soil type influenced by climate, surface substances and landform, the farming-pastoral zone was regionalized into seven parts: ( I) Western Songliao Plain and Da Hinggan Mountain Region; (II) Upper Liaohe River Sandy Region; (III) Mid-Eastern Nei Mongol Plateau and Northwestern Heibei Mountain Region; (IV) Luliang, Taihang and Yanshan Mountain Region; ( V) Ordos Plateau Sandy Region; (VI) Northern Shaanxi to Eastern Gansu Loess Plateau Region; and (VII) Mid Gansu to Eastern Qinghai Plateau Loess Region. And the suitable trees, shrubs and herbages for each region were selected and tabularly introduced in detail.
基金Projects(51204054,51504203)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2016ZX05023-001)supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China
文摘The selection of refracturing candidate is one of the most important jobs faced by oilfield engineers. However, due to the complicated multi-parameter relationships and their comprehensive influence, the selection of refracturing candidate is often very difficult. In this paper, a novel approach combining data analysis techniques and fuzzy clustering was proposed to select refracturing candidate. First, the analysis techniques were used to quantitatively calculate the weight coefficient and determine the key factors. Then, the idealized refracturing well was established by considering the main factors. Fuzzy clustering was applied to evaluate refracturing potential. Finally, reservoirs numerical simulation was used to further evaluate reservoirs energy and material basis of the optimum refracturing candidates. The hybrid method has been successfully applied to a tight oil reservoir in China. The average steady production was 15.8 t/d after refracturing treatment, increasing significantly compared with previous status. The research results can guide the development of tight oil and gas reservoirs effectively.
文摘小麦条锈病是由小麦条锈菌引起的气传性真菌病害,在全球小麦种植区广泛发生,严重威胁小麦的安全生产。充分利用寄主抗病性是防治条锈病最经济的方法。富含亮氨酸重复类受体蛋白激酶(leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase,LRR-RLK)作为RLK家族最大分支的模式识别受体,在防御病菌入侵方面发挥重要作用。本研究系统鉴定了小麦LRR-RLKs家族成员,从小麦与条锈菌互作的转录组数据库中筛选出了43个显著差异表达的LRR-RLKs,最后选取了在亲和与非亲和互作过程中都显著上调表达的TaRLK3D.2为对象,利用实时定量PCR、亚细胞定位及大麦条纹花叶病毒介导的基因沉默初步研究了该基因在小麦与条锈菌互作过程中的功能。结果表明TaRLK3D.2定位于植物细胞膜,瞬时沉默TaRLK3.2后,条锈菌侵染严重度显著下降,生长发育变慢。作为典型的LRR-RLKs家族成员,TaRLK3D.2在小麦条锈菌侵染过程中可能行使感病功能。本研究初步明确了该基因的功能,以该基因为靶标通过基因编辑或诱变获取稳定的功能缺失突变体可创制持久抗条锈病材料,为生产服务。
