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葡聚糖还原石墨烯修饰玻碳电极检测水中痕量重金属镉 被引量:4
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作者 张晓清 杨志岩 王会才 《功能材料》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2014年第8期8124-8128,8133,共6页
首先采用Hummer法制备氧化石墨,然后使用葡聚糖还原制备石墨烯,并修饰玻碳电极结合差分脉冲溶出伏安法建立了水中痕量重金属镉的检测方法。利用紫外分光光度计、红外吸收光谱、原子力显微镜及X射线光电子能谱等对所制备的石墨烯进行了... 首先采用Hummer法制备氧化石墨,然后使用葡聚糖还原制备石墨烯,并修饰玻碳电极结合差分脉冲溶出伏安法建立了水中痕量重金属镉的检测方法。利用紫外分光光度计、红外吸收光谱、原子力显微镜及X射线光电子能谱等对所制备的石墨烯进行了表征分析,研究了其导电性和电化学性质。在pH值=6的醋酸钠-醋酸缓冲溶液中,Cd2+在-0.87V产生灵敏的溶出峰,线性范围为0.5×10-9~1.20×10-7,检出限位0.15×10-9。采用无毒、环保的葡聚糖能够快速制备在水中分散性良好的石墨烯,且具有优异的电化学特性,能够实现痕量重金属镉的快速检测。 展开更多
关键词 葡聚糖 石墨烯 表征 电化学 重金属离子
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代森铵对重金属铅镉在三峡库区消落带土壤中吸附-解吸的影响
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作者 方卢秋 李俊霖 蒋冠琼 《江西师范大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 北大核心 2016年第4期424-428,共5页
为掌握农药代森铵存在时,三峡库区消落带土壤吸附-解吸铅镉离子的行为,采用振荡平衡法,研究了代森类农药种类、代森铵浓度、重金属离子浓度、电解质离子强度的影响.结果表明:常见代森类农药能提高土壤铅离子的吸附量,增强吸附顺序是代... 为掌握农药代森铵存在时,三峡库区消落带土壤吸附-解吸铅镉离子的行为,采用振荡平衡法,研究了代森类农药种类、代森铵浓度、重金属离子浓度、电解质离子强度的影响.结果表明:常见代森类农药能提高土壤铅离子的吸附量,增强吸附顺序是代森锰锌>代森铵>代森锌;农药种类能减少土壤对镉离子的吸附量,抑制吸附顺序是代森锌>代森铵>代森锰锌;代森类农药能促进土壤解吸铅镉离子.土壤对铅离子的吸附量随代森铵浓度增加呈现先增加后减少,土壤对镉离子的吸附量随代森铵浓度增加而有所增加;土壤对铅离子的解吸量随着代森铵浓度增加而降低,镉离子的解吸量反而增加.代森铵存在时,土壤对铅镉离子的吸附量和解吸量随铅镉离子浓度的增加而增加;土壤对铅离子的吸附量随着电解质离子强度增加而降低,土壤对镉离子的吸附量正好相反,增加电解质离子强度,土壤对铅镉离子的解吸量逐渐增加. 展开更多
关键词 三峡库区 消落带 土壤 重金属离子 代森铵 吸附 解吸
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海洋污染对毛蚶超氧化物歧化酶影响的研究 被引量:28
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作者 赵元凤 吕景才 +6 位作者 李丹彤 刘长发 常亚青 侯美艳 潘德建 宋晓阳 孙静 《海洋学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2003年第3期77-82,共6页
采用体内、体外染毒实验,研究了海洋中常见污染物0~#柴油、二甲苯以及重金属镉离子(Cd^(2+))对毛蚶(Scapharca subcrenata)肌肉超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响。结果表明,在实验剂量范围内,3种污染物对毛蚶肌肉中SOD均表现出不同程度... 采用体内、体外染毒实验,研究了海洋中常见污染物0~#柴油、二甲苯以及重金属镉离子(Cd^(2+))对毛蚶(Scapharca subcrenata)肌肉超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响。结果表明,在实验剂量范围内,3种污染物对毛蚶肌肉中SOD均表现出不同程度诱导作用;0~#柴油和二甲苯体内、体外染毒对毛蚶SOD活性影响规律基本一致,这两种污染物对毛蚶SOD活性变化的剂量-效应曲线均为抛物线型;Cd^(2+)在体内、体外染毒对毛蚶肌肉SOD活性诱导曲线均不呈抛物线型,低浓度Cd^(2+)对毛蚶SOD活性表现为显著诱导,随后曲线迅速下降,表明毛蚶对Cd^(2+)污染反应十分敏感,也表明Cd^(2+)对毛蚶毒性作用较强,3种毒物对毛蚶的毒性强弱次序为,Cd^(2+),0~#柴油、二甲苯。 展开更多
关键词 海洋污染 毛蚶 超氧化物歧化酶 二甲苯 0#柴油 重金属镉离子 CD^2+
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A cadmium metallothionein gene of ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda(Holthuis,1950) and its expression 被引量:2
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作者 张继泉 王婧 相建海 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第6期1204-1209,共6页
Metallothioneins (MTs) are a group of low molecular weight cysteine-rich proteins capable of binding heavy metal ions. A cadmium metallothionein (EcMT-Cd) cDNA with a 189 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encoded... Metallothioneins (MTs) are a group of low molecular weight cysteine-rich proteins capable of binding heavy metal ions. A cadmium metallothionein (EcMT-Cd) cDNA with a 189 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encoded a 62 amino acid protein was obtained from Exopalaemon carinicauda. Seventeen cysteines were in the deduced amino acid sequence, and the cysteine (Cys)-rich characteristic was revealed in different metallothioneins in other species. In addition, the deduced amino acid sequence did not contain any aromatic amino acid residues, such as tyrosine (Tyr), tryptophan (Trp), and phenylalanine (Phe). EcMT- Cd mRNA was expressed in all tested tissues (the ovary, muscle, stomach, and hepatopancreas), and its expression profiles in the hepatopancreas were very different when shrimps were exposed to seawater containing either 50 pmol/L CuSO4 or 2.5 gmol/L CdC12. The expression of EcMT-Cd was significantly up-regulated in shrimp exposed to CuSO4 for 12 h and down-regulated in shrimps exposed to CdC12 for 12 h. After 24 h exposure to both metals, its expression was down-regulated. By contrast, at 48 h the EcMT-Cd was up-regulated in test shrimps exposed to CdC12. The transcript of EcMT-Cd was very low or even absent before the zoea stage, and the expression of EcMT-Cd was detected from mysis larvae-I, then its expression began to rise. In conclusion, a cadmium MT exists in E. carinicauda that is expressed in different tissues and during different developmental stages, and responds to the challenge with heavy metal ions, which provides a clue to understanding the function of cadmium MT 展开更多
关键词 METALLOTHIONEIN CRUSTACEA DECAPODA embryonic stage LARVAE post larvae
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Evaluation of Impact of Cadmium and Mercury on Cyanobacteria Fluorescence Emission Using Flow Cytometry: Preliminary Studies
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作者 P. Rzymski B. Poniedziatek +3 位作者 J. Karczewski M. Kokocifiski L. Burchardt K. Wiktorowicz 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering》 2011年第10期1343-1349,共7页
Heavy metals currently pose one of the most serious problems in terms of environmental protection. We analysed the effect of cadmium and mercury salts upon chlorophyll fluorescence emision of Microcystis aeruginosa, C... Heavy metals currently pose one of the most serious problems in terms of environmental protection. We analysed the effect of cadmium and mercury salts upon chlorophyll fluorescence emision of Microcystis aeruginosa, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and Aphanizomenon gracile. Time of incubation (3, 12 and 24 h) and salts concentration(1 μM, 10 μM, 100μM) influenced the emision. The higher the salt concentration and the longer the time of incubation, the greater the influence on inhibition of chlorophyll fluorescence was observed. Our results might indicate that nontoxic strains of M. aeruginosa MAKR0205 can have a high tolerance to heavy metal ions and ability of their detoxication. Further studies are necessary to confirm their potential ability in the water purification. 展开更多
关键词 CYANOBACTERIA heavy metals flow cytometry.
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