目的:通过调查新疆地区某三级甲等医院重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)约束病人情况,了解约束病人临床特点并分析其影响因素。运用风险诊断效能分析法,探讨不同影响因素对约束病人的诊断效能。以期在监护室约束病人时能够使用量化...目的:通过调查新疆地区某三级甲等医院重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)约束病人情况,了解约束病人临床特点并分析其影响因素。运用风险诊断效能分析法,探讨不同影响因素对约束病人的诊断效能。以期在监护室约束病人时能够使用量化指标有目的、有效识别需要约束的病人。方法:运用约束决策轮及等级评估表对新疆某三级甲等医院ICU 280例有约束指证的病人进行评估,同时用自制的调查表进行量化评分调查;应用风险诊断效能分析法分析各变量对约束病人的诊断效能。结果:病人约束时和解除约束时镇静-躁动评分(SAS)、重症监护疼痛观察量表(CPOT)评分、谵妄评分(CAM-ICU)、非计划拔管风险评分、Morse跌倒评分、日常生活活动能力评分表评分(ADL)比较均有统计学意义(P<0.001);Logistic回归显示CAM-ICU评分、ADL评分、SAS评分、CPOT评分、非计划拔管风险评分,Morse跌倒评分是影响病人约束的独立因素(P<0.05)。筛选变量构建ICU病人身体约束量化指标用于判断病人约束与否,结果显示ROC曲线下的面积为0.993,风险诊断效能和ROC曲线分析法得出约束量表截点值为13.5分。结论:对于有约束指证病人,使用约束量化指标进行评估,若评分≥13.5分,提示病人有约束必要,需采取保护性约束。展开更多
Super-Resolution (SR) technique means to reconstruct High-Resolution (HR) images from a sequence of Low-Resolution (LR) observations,which has been a great focus for compressed video. Based on the theory of Projection...Super-Resolution (SR) technique means to reconstruct High-Resolution (HR) images from a sequence of Low-Resolution (LR) observations,which has been a great focus for compressed video. Based on the theory of Projection Onto Convex Set (POCS),this paper constructs Quantization Constraint Set (QCS) using the quantization information extracted from the video bit stream. By combining the statistical properties of image and the Human Visual System (HVS),a novel Adaptive Quantization Constraint Set (AQCS) is proposed. Simulation results show that AQCS-based SR al-gorithm converges at a fast rate and obtains better performance in both objective and subjective quality,which is applicable for compressed video.展开更多
Wireless technology is applied increasingly in networked control systems. A new form of wireless network called wireless sensor network can bring control systems some advantages, such as flexibility and feasibility of...Wireless technology is applied increasingly in networked control systems. A new form of wireless network called wireless sensor network can bring control systems some advantages, such as flexibility and feasibility of network deployment at low costs, while it also raises some new challenges. First, the communication resources shared by all the control loops are limited. Second, the wireless and multi-hop character of sensor network makes the resources scheduling more difficult. Thus, how to effectively allocate the limited communication resources for those control loops is an important problem. In this paper, this problem is formulated as an optimal sampling frequency assignment problem, where the objective function is to maximize the utility of control systems, subject to channel capacity constraints. Then an iterative distributed algorithm based on local buffer information is proposed. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively allocate the limited communication resource in a distributed way. It can achieve the optimal quality of the control system and adapt to the network load changes.展开更多
A methodology for topology optimization based on element independent nodal density(EIND) is developed.Nodal densities are implemented as the design variables and interpolated onto element space to determine the densit...A methodology for topology optimization based on element independent nodal density(EIND) is developed.Nodal densities are implemented as the design variables and interpolated onto element space to determine the density of any point with Shepard interpolation function.The influence of the diameter of interpolation is discussed which shows good robustness.The new approach is demonstrated on the minimum volume problem subjected to a displacement constraint.The rational approximation for material properties(RAMP) method and a dual programming optimization algorithm are used to penalize the intermediate density point to achieve nearly 0-1 solutions.Solutions are shown to meet stability,mesh dependence or non-checkerboard patterns of topology optimization without additional constraints.Finally,the computational efficiency is greatly improved by multithread parallel computing with OpenMP.展开更多
This paper considers dealing with path constraints in the framework of the improved control vector iteration (CVI) approach. Two available ways for enforcing equality path constraints are presented, which can be dir...This paper considers dealing with path constraints in the framework of the improved control vector iteration (CVI) approach. Two available ways for enforcing equality path constraints are presented, which can be directly incorporated into the improved CVI approach. Inequality path constraints are much more difficult to deal with, even for small scale problems, because the time intervals where the inequality path constraints are active are unknown in advance. To overcome the challenge, the ll penalty function and a novel smoothing technique are in-troduced, leading to a new effective approach. Moreover, on the basis of the relevant theorems, a numerical algo-rithm is proposed for nonlinear dynamic optimization problems with inequality path constraints. Results obtained from the classic batch reaCtor operation problem are in agreement with the literature reoorts, and the comoutational efficiency is also high.展开更多
The authors used Landau-Pekar variational method to investigate a strong-coupling singlet optical bipolaron in different configuration of quantum confinement. Numerical and analytical results showed that when configur...The authors used Landau-Pekar variational method to investigate a strong-coupling singlet optical bipolaron in different configuration of quantum confinement. Numerical and analytical results showed that when configuration changes from quantum dot and wire to well, confinement shows different effect on the formation of a bipolaron. In contrast to a bipolaron in a quantum dot or wire, the binding energy of a bipolaron in a quantum well increases with increasing con-finement, indicating that confinement favors bipolaron formation in a quantum well.展开更多
Based on the dielectric continuum model and Loudon's uniaxial crystal model, the properties of the quasi. confined (QC) optical phonon dispersions and the electron-QC phonons coupling functions in an asymmetric wur...Based on the dielectric continuum model and Loudon's uniaxial crystal model, the properties of the quasi. confined (QC) optical phonon dispersions and the electron-QC phonons coupling functions in an asymmetric wurtzite quantum well (QW) are deduced via the method of electrostatic .potential expanding. The present theoretical scheme can naturally reduce to the results in symmetric wurtzite QW once a set of symmetric structural parameters are chosen. Numerical calculations on an asymmetric AlN/GaN/AIo,15 Gao.85N Wurtzite Q W are performed. A detailed comparison with the symmetric wurtzite QW was also performed. The results show that the structural asymmetry of wurtzite QW changes greatly the dispersion frequencies and the electrostatic potential distributions of the QC optical phonon modes.展开更多
The relay node with linear relaying transmits the linear combination of its past received signals.The optimization of two-hop relay channel with linear relaying is discussed in this paper.The capacity for the two-hop ...The relay node with linear relaying transmits the linear combination of its past received signals.The optimization of two-hop relay channel with linear relaying is discussed in this paper.The capacity for the two-hop Gaussian relay channel with linear relaying is derived,which can be formulated as an optimization problem over the relaying matrix and the covariance matrix of the signals transmitted at the source.It is proved that the solution to this optimization problem is equivalent to a "single-letter" optimization problem.We also show that the solution to this "single-letter" optimization problem has the same form as the expression of the rate achieved by Time-Sharing Amplify and Forward(TSAF).In order to solve this equivalent problem,we proposed an iterative algorithm.Simulation results show that if channel gain of one hop is relatively smaller,the achievable rate with TSAF is closer to the max-flow min-cut capacity bound,but at a lower complexity.展开更多
Overlay networks have emerged as a useful approach to providing a general framework for new applications and services that are to be implemented without significantly changing the IP-layer network infrastructure.Overl...Overlay networks have emerged as a useful approach to providing a general framework for new applications and services that are to be implemented without significantly changing the IP-layer network infrastructure.Overlay routing has been used as an alternative to the default best effort Internet routing for the absence of end-to-end Quality of Service(QoS). While the former has recently been investigated, the conflict of QoS restraints and resource optimization remains unsolved. Recent studies have shown that overlay paths can give better latency, loss rate and TCP throughput. In this paper, a multi-dimensional QoS objective model based on the analysis of multiple QoS constraints has been presented, and a routing algorithm to optimise the overlay resource of its nodes and links is then proposed.In fact, the algorithm obtained multiple QoS values using probability theory to achieve the routing according to the multi-dimensional QoS objective vector of the QoS objective model. Simulation results reveals that the algorithm works better than other existing algorithms in balancing the network resources, and applications with stringent QoS requirements could be run.展开更多
文摘目的:通过调查新疆地区某三级甲等医院重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)约束病人情况,了解约束病人临床特点并分析其影响因素。运用风险诊断效能分析法,探讨不同影响因素对约束病人的诊断效能。以期在监护室约束病人时能够使用量化指标有目的、有效识别需要约束的病人。方法:运用约束决策轮及等级评估表对新疆某三级甲等医院ICU 280例有约束指证的病人进行评估,同时用自制的调查表进行量化评分调查;应用风险诊断效能分析法分析各变量对约束病人的诊断效能。结果:病人约束时和解除约束时镇静-躁动评分(SAS)、重症监护疼痛观察量表(CPOT)评分、谵妄评分(CAM-ICU)、非计划拔管风险评分、Morse跌倒评分、日常生活活动能力评分表评分(ADL)比较均有统计学意义(P<0.001);Logistic回归显示CAM-ICU评分、ADL评分、SAS评分、CPOT评分、非计划拔管风险评分,Morse跌倒评分是影响病人约束的独立因素(P<0.05)。筛选变量构建ICU病人身体约束量化指标用于判断病人约束与否,结果显示ROC曲线下的面积为0.993,风险诊断效能和ROC曲线分析法得出约束量表截点值为13.5分。结论:对于有约束指证病人,使用约束量化指标进行评估,若评分≥13.5分,提示病人有约束必要,需采取保护性约束。
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK2004151).
文摘Super-Resolution (SR) technique means to reconstruct High-Resolution (HR) images from a sequence of Low-Resolution (LR) observations,which has been a great focus for compressed video. Based on the theory of Projection Onto Convex Set (POCS),this paper constructs Quantization Constraint Set (QCS) using the quantization information extracted from the video bit stream. By combining the statistical properties of image and the Human Visual System (HVS),a novel Adaptive Quantization Constraint Set (AQCS) is proposed. Simulation results show that AQCS-based SR al-gorithm converges at a fast rate and obtains better performance in both objective and subjective quality,which is applicable for compressed video.
基金Project (Nos. 60074011 and 60574049) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Wireless technology is applied increasingly in networked control systems. A new form of wireless network called wireless sensor network can bring control systems some advantages, such as flexibility and feasibility of network deployment at low costs, while it also raises some new challenges. First, the communication resources shared by all the control loops are limited. Second, the wireless and multi-hop character of sensor network makes the resources scheduling more difficult. Thus, how to effectively allocate the limited communication resources for those control loops is an important problem. In this paper, this problem is formulated as an optimal sampling frequency assignment problem, where the objective function is to maximize the utility of control systems, subject to channel capacity constraints. Then an iterative distributed algorithm based on local buffer information is proposed. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively allocate the limited communication resource in a distributed way. It can achieve the optimal quality of the control system and adapt to the network load changes.
基金Projects(11372055,11302033)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by the Huxiang Scholar Foundation from Changsha University of Science and Technology,ChinaProject(2012KFJJ02)supported by the Key Labortory of Lightweight and Reliability Technology for Engineering Velicle,Education Department of Hunan Province,China
文摘A methodology for topology optimization based on element independent nodal density(EIND) is developed.Nodal densities are implemented as the design variables and interpolated onto element space to determine the density of any point with Shepard interpolation function.The influence of the diameter of interpolation is discussed which shows good robustness.The new approach is demonstrated on the minimum volume problem subjected to a displacement constraint.The rational approximation for material properties(RAMP) method and a dual programming optimization algorithm are used to penalize the intermediate density point to achieve nearly 0-1 solutions.Solutions are shown to meet stability,mesh dependence or non-checkerboard patterns of topology optimization without additional constraints.Finally,the computational efficiency is greatly improved by multithread parallel computing with OpenMP.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1162130)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2006AA05Z226)Outstanding Youth Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(R4100133)
文摘This paper considers dealing with path constraints in the framework of the improved control vector iteration (CVI) approach. Two available ways for enforcing equality path constraints are presented, which can be directly incorporated into the improved CVI approach. Inequality path constraints are much more difficult to deal with, even for small scale problems, because the time intervals where the inequality path constraints are active are unknown in advance. To overcome the challenge, the ll penalty function and a novel smoothing technique are in-troduced, leading to a new effective approach. Moreover, on the basis of the relevant theorems, a numerical algo-rithm is proposed for nonlinear dynamic optimization problems with inequality path constraints. Results obtained from the classic batch reaCtor operation problem are in agreement with the literature reoorts, and the comoutational efficiency is also high.
文摘The authors used Landau-Pekar variational method to investigate a strong-coupling singlet optical bipolaron in different configuration of quantum confinement. Numerical and analytical results showed that when configuration changes from quantum dot and wire to well, confinement shows different effect on the formation of a bipolaron. In contrast to a bipolaron in a quantum dot or wire, the binding energy of a bipolaron in a quantum well increases with increasing con-finement, indicating that confinement favors bipolaron formation in a quantum well.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 60276004 and 6939007,3, the Scientilic Research Foundation for the Returned 0overseas Chinese Scholars State Education Ministry of China
文摘Based on the dielectric continuum model and Loudon's uniaxial crystal model, the properties of the quasi. confined (QC) optical phonon dispersions and the electron-QC phonons coupling functions in an asymmetric wurtzite quantum well (QW) are deduced via the method of electrostatic .potential expanding. The present theoretical scheme can naturally reduce to the results in symmetric wurtzite QW once a set of symmetric structural parameters are chosen. Numerical calculations on an asymmetric AlN/GaN/AIo,15 Gao.85N Wurtzite Q W are performed. A detailed comparison with the symmetric wurtzite QW was also performed. The results show that the structural asymmetry of wurtzite QW changes greatly the dispersion frequencies and the electrostatic potential distributions of the QC optical phonon modes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.60972045,No.61071089the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant No. BK2010077+4 种基金the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching under Grant No.SKLNST-2009-1-12the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Provincethe University Postgraduate Research and Innovation Project in Jiangsu Province under Grant No.CXZZ11_0395the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.2009B32114the Excellent Innovative Research Team of High Schools in Jiangsu Province under Grant No.TJ208029
文摘The relay node with linear relaying transmits the linear combination of its past received signals.The optimization of two-hop relay channel with linear relaying is discussed in this paper.The capacity for the two-hop Gaussian relay channel with linear relaying is derived,which can be formulated as an optimization problem over the relaying matrix and the covariance matrix of the signals transmitted at the source.It is proved that the solution to this optimization problem is equivalent to a "single-letter" optimization problem.We also show that the solution to this "single-letter" optimization problem has the same form as the expression of the rate achieved by Time-Sharing Amplify and Forward(TSAF).In order to solve this equivalent problem,we proposed an iterative algorithm.Simulation results show that if channel gain of one hop is relatively smaller,the achievable rate with TSAF is closer to the max-flow min-cut capacity bound,but at a lower complexity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61071126the National Science and Technology Major Projects of New Generation Broadband Wireless Mobile Communication Network under Grants No.2010ZX0300400201,No.2010ZX03003-001,No.2010ZX03004-001-01,No.2011ZX03002-001-02
文摘Overlay networks have emerged as a useful approach to providing a general framework for new applications and services that are to be implemented without significantly changing the IP-layer network infrastructure.Overlay routing has been used as an alternative to the default best effort Internet routing for the absence of end-to-end Quality of Service(QoS). While the former has recently been investigated, the conflict of QoS restraints and resource optimization remains unsolved. Recent studies have shown that overlay paths can give better latency, loss rate and TCP throughput. In this paper, a multi-dimensional QoS objective model based on the analysis of multiple QoS constraints has been presented, and a routing algorithm to optimise the overlay resource of its nodes and links is then proposed.In fact, the algorithm obtained multiple QoS values using probability theory to achieve the routing according to the multi-dimensional QoS objective vector of the QoS objective model. Simulation results reveals that the algorithm works better than other existing algorithms in balancing the network resources, and applications with stringent QoS requirements could be run.