PDM中产品变量结构及变量化配置管理的研究

本文在传统产品结构模型的基础上，定义了一种适用于系列产品管理的统一的产品变量结构（PVS）模型，基于此模型提出了变量化配置管理（VCM）技术，并给出了一个应用实例。

东江源山地果畜结合系统“以种定养”定量化配置分析

[目的]促进东江源区山地果畜结合系统的养分循环利用,控制生猪养殖和脐橙种植产生的面源污染。[方法]以江西省定南县龙塘镇杏林农庄"猪-沼-果-鱼"生态农业模式为研究对象,在分析畜禽养殖粪尿排泄量与利用量的基础上,针对果园"养猪-沼气-果树-养鱼"四位一体的物质循环和能量梯级利用运行模式,对"以种定养"进行了定量化分析。[结果]基于果树对养分N的需求,每公顷脐橙园可承载的生猪为40.8头,配套建设沼气池28.2 m3,每年可培养浮萍17 500.05 kg,鱼塘可套养草鱼383.55条;每公顷温柑园可承载的生猪为29.4头,配套建设沼气池20.25 m3,每年可培养浮萍12 622.95 kg,可套养草鱼276.6条。[结论]该研究结果为在东江源区推广种养结合模式时匹配"猪-沼-果-鱼"间的量化关系提供了重要的科学参考依据。

基于工作量的临床工程师量化配置研究

目的:构建基于工作量的临床工程师量化配置模型,对医院临床工程师进行合理的人力资源配置,保障医疗设备安全稳定工作。方法:针对医疗机构设备维修工作特点,建立临床医疗设备维修排队理论模型,并以维修能力和维修效率为约束条件,确立临床工程师人力资源优化方法,以医院维修工单数据为基础进行临床工程师量化配置模型的应用研究。结果:根据医院设备维修数据计算出维修事件到达符合λ=0.476泊松分布,维修服务时间符合μ=1.252负指数分布,并通过x 2拟合检验。结合排队理论和相关约束条件,确定临床工程师的人力资源最佳配置为方案1和方案2。结论:基于工作量的临床工程师量化配置模型能够为医疗机构提供一种客观、准确的临床工程师人力资源优化方案,科学制订临床工程人员在医疗机构中的岗位编制,做到岗位需求与人才配置相一致。

海关队伍与业务互适模型(BE-HR)研究--广州海关业务评价与人力资源动态量化配置模型研究

人力资源管理的核心是实现人力资源的合理配置和优化组合。本文以广州海关为例,以海关队伍与业务互适为目标,在对关区各基层海关近三年业务发展数据、人员配置数据进行分析的基础上,运用主成分分析法、加权算术平均法和层次分析法等统计分析方法,构建海关人力资源动态量化配置模型,测算出广州海关各基层海关各业务门类应配置的人员数量,用定量的方法解决人力资源配置问题,为单位的人力资源管理提供量化的依据。

安全防范工程风险及配置量化评估的一些探讨

本文针对《安全防范工程通用规范》中关于保护对象的安全防范工程配置,提出一种量化保护对象及安防需求的方法,并对该方法于实际工程运用中需要注意的一些问题作出分析。

女大学生800m跑量化配置组合教学试验研究

通过对 1 999级 1 2 3名女大学生 80 0m跑三因素二水平的正交试验 [L4 (2 3) ],揭示女大学生 80 0m跑教学练习的最佳科学量化配置组合 ;2 0 0 0级 1 0 2名女大学生在 1 999级正交试验的基础上 ,对所揭示的最佳配置组合又进行了验证试验 。

黄土丘陵沟壑区六盘山以西葫芦河流域水土保持精准治理措施量化配置

本文结合平凉市六盘山以西葫芦河流域社会经济实际、发展现状和自然特征,根据综合治理、因地制宜的原则,突出“治理黄河,重在保护,要在治理”的治黄新要求,坚持山水林田湖草综合治理、系统治理、源头治理,结合全流域乡村振兴战略实施,以民生水土保持为切入点,在遵循水土保持对位配置基本原理基础上,以精准治理为突破点,以提高更高质量水土资源条件为目标,通过典型小流域设计,量化配置全流域水土保持措施,构建全流域更深层次、更高质量水土流失综合治理体系,从而夯实全流域高质量发展基础,为同类型地区水土保持精准治理提供借鉴和参考。

浅析牵引车轻量化举措

随着国内法规的越加严格和完善,法规限值6×4牵引车列车总重49000 kg,三轴半挂车最大允许总质量限值为40000 kg,牵引车自重为列车总重减去半挂车总重及乘员体重后约为8800 kg。所有通过降低整车自重,才可满足半挂车最大40000 kg的限值。文章针对某6×4牵引车轻量化问题,从底盘结构优化,轻量化材料应用及轻量化配置应用三个方面进行可行性分析。通过计算机辅助工程(CAE)分析和试验验证保证设计方案合理有效。研究表明,通过合理的轻量化设计,可以达成牵引车自重小于8800 kg目标。

Quantitative Allocation Analysis of "Raising by Planting" System Combining Fruits and Poultry for Mountainous Region in Headwaters of Dongjiang River

[Objective] The aim was to promote nutrient cycling and utilization in the mountain＇s system combining fruits and poultry and to control non-point source pollution produced from swine raising and navel orange planting in headwaters of Dongjiang River. [Method] The quantitative analysis was mainly conducted for the so called ＂raising by planting＂ which is about material cycle in ＂pig-methane-fruit-fish＂ model and energy cascade utilization, based on relationship between excreted amount by livestock and the utilized quantity in Xinlin Farm in Longtang Town, Dingnan County, Jiangxi Province. [Result] Considering N requirement by fruit trees, a navel orange orchard （1 mu） could support about 2.72 pigs, the equipped biogas pool （1.88 m3） could support 1 166.67 kg of duckweeds and a fish pond could support 25.57 grass carps. In contrast, a satsuma orchard （1 mu） could support about 1.96 pigs, the equipped biogas pool （1.35 m3） could support 841.53 kg duckweeds and the fish pond could support 18.44 grass carps. [Conclusion] The results provided scientific references for quantitative allocation of members in ＂pig-methane-fruit-fish＂ model when popularized in headwaters of Dongjiang River.

Configuration optimization model of multi-energy distributed generation system

To integrate different renewable energy resources effectively in a microgrid, a configuration optimization model of a multi-energy distributed generation（DG） system and its auxiliary equipment is proposed. The model mainly consists of two parts, the determination of initial configuration schemes according to user preference and the selection of the optimal scheme. The comprehensive evaluation index（CEI）, which is acquired through the analytic hierarchy process（AHP） weight calculation method, is adopted as the evaluation criterion to rank the initial schemes. The optimal scheme is obtained according to the ranking results. The proposed model takes the diversity of different equipment parameters and investment cost into consideration and can give relatively suitable and economical suggestions for system configuration.Additionally, unlike Homer Pro, the proposed model considers the complementation of different renewable energy resources, and thus the rationality of the multi-energy DG system is improved compared with the single evaluation criterion method which only considers the total cost.

Multi-objective capacity allocation optimization method of photovoltaic EV charging station considering V2G

Large-scale electric vehicles(EVs) connected to the micro grid would cause many problems. In this paper, with the consideration of vehicle to grid(V2 G), two charging and discharging load modes of EVs were constructed. One was the disorderly charging and discharging mode based on travel habits, and the other was the orderly charging and discharging mode based on time-of-use(TOU) price;Monte Carlo method was used to verify the case. The scheme of the capacity optimization of photovoltaic charging station under two different charging and discharging modes with V2 G was proposed. The mathematical models of the objective function with the maximization of energy efficiency, the minimization of the investment and the operation cost of the charging system were established. The range of decision variables, constraints of the requirements of the power balance and the strategy of energy exchange were given. NSGA-Ⅱ and NSGA-SA algorithm were used to verify the cases, respectively. In both algorithms, by comparing with the simulation results of the two different modes, it shows that the orderly charging and discharging mode with V2 G is obviously better than the disorderly charging and discharging mode in the aspects of alleviating the pressure of power grid, reducing system investment and improving energy efficiency.

Relationship between alumina mixing characteristics and feeder configurations in aluminum reduction cells

Because of the increasingly prominent problem of alumina content inhomogeneity in large or super-scale aluminum reduction cells,a transient numerical model for the alumina mixing process was developed for a400kA cell,and the relationship between the alumina content distribution and electrolyte flow field was analyzed.In the ANSYS software platform,several numerical simulation cases were presented to display the influence of the feeder configuration on the alumina mixing characteristics.The results showed that a large vortex flow of the molten electrolyte is beneficial for alumina mixing and uniform distribution in the inner areas of the vortexes.The alumina particles reach the inter-electrode zone in10?15s from the beginning of the feeding action,and the risk of early precipitation occurs in10?25s after the feeding.It was also found that a suitable grouping of feeders could reduce the content fluctuation and gradient.Therefore,a feeding on demand strategy was proposed,and the simulation results showed that although the spatial characteristics are not changed,the uniformity of the alumina content was markedly improved.

Optimal arrangement for pressure measurement points in working chamber of earth pressure balance shield

In order to exactly provide scientific basis for pressure dynamic balance control of working chamber of earth pressure balance shield (EPBS),study on optimal arrangement of pressure measurement points in working chamber was conducted. Based on mathematical description of optimal arrangement for pressure measurement points,fuzzy clustering analysis and discriminant analysis were used to divide pressure regions of nodes on bulkhead. Finally,the selection method of optimal measurement points was proposed,and by selecting d6.28 m EPBS as study object,the case study was conducted. By contrast,based on optimal arrangement scheme of pressure measurement points,through adopting weighted algorithm,the absolute error mean of equivalent pressure of working chamber is the smallest. In addition,pressure curve of optimal arrangement points presents parabola,and it can show the state of pressure distribution on bulkhead truly. It is concluded that the optimal arrangement method of pressure measurement points in working chamber is effective and feasible,and the method can provide basis for realizing high precision pressure control of EPBS.

Solution of Chemical Dynamic Optimization Using the Simultaneous Strategies

An approach of simultaneous strategies with two novel techniques is proposed to improve the solution accuracy of chemical dynamic optimization problems. The first technique is to handle constraints on control vari- ables based on the finite-element collocation so as to control the approximation error for discrete optimal problems, where a set of control constraints at dement knots are integrated with the procedure for optimization leading to a significant gain in the accuracy of the simultaneous strategies. The second technique is to make the mesh refine- ment more feasible and reliable by introducing length constraints and guideline in designing appropriate element length boundaries, so that the proposed approach becomes more efficient in adjusting dements to track optimal control profile breakpoints and ensure accurate state and centrol profiles. Four classic benchmarks of dynamic op- timization problems are used as illustrations, and the proposed approach is compared with literature reports. The research results reveal that the proposed approach is preferz,ble in improving the solution accuracy of chemical dy- namic optimization problem.

{Q}{^(('))s}Molecular States in QCD Sum Rules

We systematically investigate the mass spectra of {Qs}{Q（＇）s} molecular states in the framework of QCD sum rules. The interpolating currents representing the molecular states are proposed. Technically, contributions of the operators up to dimension six are included in operator product expansion （OPE）. The masses for molecular states with various {Qs}{Q（＇）s} configurations are presented. The result 4.36 ± 0.08 Ge V for theDs＊ Ds0- ＊ molecular state is consistent with the mass 4350＋4.6 -5.1± 0.7 MeV of the newly observed X（4350）, which could support X（4350） interpreted as a D＊D＊so molecular state.

Prediction of the lowest energy configuration for Lennard-Jones clusters

Based on the work of previous researchers, a new unbiased optimization algorithm—the dynamic lattice searching method with two-phase local search and interior operation (DLS-TPIO)—is proposed in this paper. This algorithm is applied to the optimization of Lennard-Jones (LJ) clusters with N=2–650, 660, and 665–680. For each case, the putative global minimum reported in the Cambridge Cluster Database (CCD) is successfully found. Furthermore, for LJ533 and LJ536, the potential energies obtained in this study are superior to the previous best results. In DLS-TPIO, a combination of the interior operation, two-phase local search method and dynamic lattice searching method is adopted. At the initial stage of the optimization, the interior operation reduces the energy of the cluster, and gradually makes the configuration ordered by moving some surface atoms with high potential energy to the interior of the cluster. Meanwhile, the two-phase local search method guides the search to the more promising region of the configuration space. In this way the success rate of the algorithm is significantly increased. At the final stage of the optimization, in order to decrease energy of the cluster further, the positions of surface atoms are further optimized by using the dynamic lattice searching method. In addition, a simple new method to identify the central atom of icosahedral configurations is also presented. DLS-TPIO has higher computing speed and success rates than some well-known unbiased optimization methods in the literature.