An important task for quantum cloud computing is to make sure that there is a real quantum computer running,instead of classical simulation.Here we explore the applicability of a cryptographic verification scheme for ...An important task for quantum cloud computing is to make sure that there is a real quantum computer running,instead of classical simulation.Here we explore the applicability of a cryptographic verification scheme for verifying quantum cloud computing.We provided a theoretical extension and implemented the scheme on a 5-qubit NMR quantum processor in the laboratory and a 5-qubit and 16-qubit processors of the IBM quantum cloud.We found that the experimental results of the NMR processor can be verified by the scheme with about 1.4%error,after noise compensation by standard techniques.However,the fidelity of the IBM quantum cloud is currently too low to pass the test(about 42%error).This verification scheme shall become practical when servers claim to offer quantum-computing resources that can achieve quantum supremacy.展开更多
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFA0306600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11661161018, and 11927811)+7 种基金Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies (AHY050000)supported in part by the Australian Research Council (DE180100156)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2017B030308003)the Key R&D Program of Guangdong province (2018B030326001)the Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality (JCYJ20170412152620376, JCYJ20170817105046702 and KYTDPT20181011104202253)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11875160 and U1801661)the Economy, Trade and Information Commission of Shenzhen Municipality (201901161512)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory (2019B121203002)
文摘An important task for quantum cloud computing is to make sure that there is a real quantum computer running,instead of classical simulation.Here we explore the applicability of a cryptographic verification scheme for verifying quantum cloud computing.We provided a theoretical extension and implemented the scheme on a 5-qubit NMR quantum processor in the laboratory and a 5-qubit and 16-qubit processors of the IBM quantum cloud.We found that the experimental results of the NMR processor can be verified by the scheme with about 1.4%error,after noise compensation by standard techniques.However,the fidelity of the IBM quantum cloud is currently too low to pass the test(about 42%error).This verification scheme shall become practical when servers claim to offer quantum-computing resources that can achieve quantum supremacy.
