应用多尺度微扰理论研究了弱耦合非简谐参数的经典和量子四次非谐振子,得到了四次非简谐运动方程的经典和量子二阶解.此解与以前同类问题的多尺度微扰解不同,在H e isenberg表象中坐标和动量算符的对易关系的简化十分自然,并且量子解能...应用多尺度微扰理论研究了弱耦合非简谐参数的经典和量子四次非谐振子,得到了四次非简谐运动方程的经典和量子二阶解.此解与以前同类问题的多尺度微扰解不同,在H e isenberg表象中坐标和动量算符的对易关系的简化十分自然,并且量子解能十分方便地过渡到经典解.展开更多
Theoretical correspondence between classical instability and local solutions of the Schroedinger equation is discussed for Wannier's ionization threshold law.
A powerful approach to solve the Coulombic quantum three-body problem is proposed. The approach is exponentially convergent and more efficient than the hypcrsphcrical coordinate method and the correlation-function hyp...A powerful approach to solve the Coulombic quantum three-body problem is proposed. The approach is exponentially convergent and more efficient than the hypcrsphcrical coordinate method and the correlation-function hyperspherical harmonic method. This approach is numerically competitive with the variational methods, such as that using the Hylleraas-type basis functions. Numerical comparisons are made to demonstrate the efficiency of this approach, by calculating the nonrelativistic and infinite-nuclear-mass limit of the ground state energy of the helium atom. The exponential convergency of this approach is due to the full matching between the analytical structure of the basis functions that are used in this paper and the true wavefunction. This full matching was not reached by most other methods. For example, the variational method using the Hylleraas-type basis does not reflects the logarithmic singularity of the true wavefunction at the origin as predicted by Bartlett and Fock. Two important approaches are proposed in this work to reach this full matching: the coordinate transformation method and the asymptotic series method. Besides these, this work makes use of the lcast square method to substitute complicated numerical integrations in solving the Schrodinger equation without much loss of accuracy, which is routinely used by people to fit a theoretical curve with discrete experimental data, but here is used to simplify thc computation.展开更多
We present a fully quantum solution to the Gibbs paradox (GP) with an illustration based on a gedanken experiment with two particles trapped in an infinite potential well. The well is divided into two cells by a solid...We present a fully quantum solution to the Gibbs paradox (GP) with an illustration based on a gedanken experiment with two particles trapped in an infinite potential well. The well is divided into two cells by a solid wall, which could be removed for mixing the particles. For the initial thermal state with correct two-particle wavefunction according to their quantum statistics, the exact calculations show the entropy changes are the same for boson, fermion and non-identical particles. With the observation that the initial unmixed state of identical particles in the conventional presentations actually is not of a thermal equilibrium, our analysis reveals the quantum origin of the paradox, and confirms Jaynes' observation that entropy increase in Gibbs mixing is only due to the including more observables. To further show up the subtle role of the quantum mechanism in the GP, we study the different finite size effect on the entropy change and show the work performed in the mixing process is different for various types of particles.展开更多
文摘Theoretical correspondence between classical instability and local solutions of the Schroedinger equation is discussed for Wannier's ionization threshold law.
文摘A powerful approach to solve the Coulombic quantum three-body problem is proposed. The approach is exponentially convergent and more efficient than the hypcrsphcrical coordinate method and the correlation-function hyperspherical harmonic method. This approach is numerically competitive with the variational methods, such as that using the Hylleraas-type basis functions. Numerical comparisons are made to demonstrate the efficiency of this approach, by calculating the nonrelativistic and infinite-nuclear-mass limit of the ground state energy of the helium atom. The exponential convergency of this approach is due to the full matching between the analytical structure of the basis functions that are used in this paper and the true wavefunction. This full matching was not reached by most other methods. For example, the variational method using the Hylleraas-type basis does not reflects the logarithmic singularity of the true wavefunction at the origin as predicted by Bartlett and Fock. Two important approaches are proposed in this work to reach this full matching: the coordinate transformation method and the asymptotic series method. Besides these, this work makes use of the lcast square method to substitute complicated numerical integrations in solving the Schrodinger equation without much loss of accuracy, which is routinely used by people to fit a theoretical curve with discrete experimental data, but here is used to simplify thc computation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11121403,10935010 and 11074261)
文摘We present a fully quantum solution to the Gibbs paradox (GP) with an illustration based on a gedanken experiment with two particles trapped in an infinite potential well. The well is divided into two cells by a solid wall, which could be removed for mixing the particles. For the initial thermal state with correct two-particle wavefunction according to their quantum statistics, the exact calculations show the entropy changes are the same for boson, fermion and non-identical particles. With the observation that the initial unmixed state of identical particles in the conventional presentations actually is not of a thermal equilibrium, our analysis reveals the quantum origin of the paradox, and confirms Jaynes' observation that entropy increase in Gibbs mixing is only due to the including more observables. To further show up the subtle role of the quantum mechanism in the GP, we study the different finite size effect on the entropy change and show the work performed in the mixing process is different for various types of particles.
