岩溶区域桥梁施工过程监控量测标准研究

依托武汉轨道交通16号线三标段桥梁施工中的监控量测项目,对桥梁施工过程中监控量测的目的、内容、流程、监测点布置、数据采集及监测频率等进行了总结和介绍,并对其地下水位及施工范围内埋设基准点的水平位移、沉降的量测数据进行简单分析。

有效抑制地表建筑物沉降的软岩浅埋隧道设计与施工

作者参加了宜昌市火车站下云集公路隧道软岩浅埋段的配合施工 ,根据现场施工及设计情况 ,本文回顾分析了该段隧道开挖方法的选择、支护结构设计及有关施工工艺、施工量测标准的制订及实施情况 ,以及施工支护情况等 。

Selection of Example Varieties Used in the DUS Test Guideline of Tagetes L.

[Objective] Taking the characteristic of flower diameter of Tagetes L.as an example,this study aimed to select example varieties used in the DUS Test Guideline of Tagetes L.[Method] Two continuous years of measurements of flower diameter of 25 varieties were collected and then analyzed by using the box plot to illustrate the uniformity and stability of flower diameter of each variety.[Result] According to the information of variability,distribution symmetry of measurements and outliers of flower diameter of varieties provided by box plots,variety 16,2 and 4 were selected as the example varieties for the three expression states with respective flower diameter of 3.0-4.4,6.0-7.4 and 9.0-10.4 cm.[Conclusion] The box plot is an efficient method for the general analysis of varieties,which provides information covering the actual and possible expression range,median and outliers of measurements of flower diameter of each variety.It also provides references for selecting example varieties for other quantitative characteristics and evaluating the quality of varieties.

A Method for Detecting Adhesive Related-Factors of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 by Real-time PCR

[Objective] This study aimed to establish a method for quantitative detection of mRNA transcriptional level of SS2 adhesive related-factors of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 （SS2） by fluorescent quantitative PCR. []Vlethod] The gene fragments en- coding SS2 adhesive related-factors MRP, FBPS and CPS2J and a housekeeping gene aroA were amplified by reverse transcription PCR from the total RNA of SS2, cloned, and sequenced. The recombinant plasmids containing the target genes were constructed, and used as templates in Real-time PCR. [Result] Dynamic curves, stan- dard curves and melting curves of the adhesive related-factors and aroA were ob- tained by the optimized Real-time PCR system. The standard curves showed a good linear relationship between template copy number and circulation number, and the correlation coefficients （FF） of the standard curves were over 0.995. Also, these as- says were highly specific a^d there was single specific melting peak for every gene. Moreover, the assays were highly sensitive and had a detection limit of 1.0×102 copies in 1 μl of initial templates. Finally, it was highly repeatable and had a coeffi- cient of variation less than 2% for intra-assay. [Conclusion] This study will provide a way to reveal the adhesion mechanism of SS2 to different host cells at molecular level.

Research of Dynamic Monitoring on Arable Land Quality

In China with such a large population and few land, the problem of arable land is particularly prominent. While the amount of arable land per capita is small, the quality of arable land is declining. Compared with the decreasing arable land, the decline in the quality of arable land is invisible and hard to be detected. But the impact is no less than the amount of arable land reduced, and ~;hanges in the quality of arable land pose a serious threat to ecological environment and socio- economic development. Against the background of high-intensity development and the amount of arable land decreasing, the research of monitoring of arable land quality is of great realistic significance.

IMAGE PROFILE AREA CALCULATION BASED ON CIRCULAR SAMPLE MEASUREMENT CALIBRATION

A practical approach of measurement calibration is presented for obtaining the true area of the photographed objects projected in the 2-D image scene. The calibration is performed using three circular samples with given diameters. The process is first to obtain the ratio mm/pixel in two orthogonal directions, and then use the obtained ratios with the total number of pixels scanned within projected area of the object of interest to compute the desired area. Compared the optically measured areas with their corresponding true areas, the results show that the proposed method is quite encouraging and the relevant application also proves the approach adequately accurate.

Research on Radar Emitter Attribute Recognition Method

In order to solve emitter recognition problems in a practical reconnaissance environment, attribute mathematics is introduced. The basic concepts and theory of attribute set and attribute measure are described i n detail. A new attribute recognition method based on attribute measure is prese nted in this paper. Application example is given, which demonstrates this new me thod is accurate and effective. Moreover, computer simulation for recognizing th e emitter purpose is selected, and compared with classical statistical pattern r ecognition through simulation. The excellent experimental results demonstrate t hat this is a brand-new attribute recognition method as compared to existing st atistical pattern recognition techniques.

Selection of Measured Signals in the Navigation Measuring Complex

To increase accuracy of navigation parameters,a perspective measuring complex with intellectual components is developed.Conception of synthesis optimal structure of the measuring complex is realized basing on a selective method using principles of the functional systems.Selection of measured information is finished by original numeric criterion of observation level of state vector components.Prediction is realized by algorithm of self-organization that makes synthesis of the optimal complication.Therefore mechanism of self-regulation is realized and accuracy of the selective navigation complex is increased.

Prediction Method for Network Traffic Based on Maximum Correntropy Criterion

This paper proposes a method for improving the precision of Network Traffic Prediction based on the Maximum Correntropy Criterion(NTPMCC),where the nonlinear characteristics of network traffic are considered.This method utilizes the MCC as a new error evaluation criterion or named the cost function(CF)to train neural networks(NN).MCC is based on a new similarity function(Generalized correlation entropy function,Correntropy),which has as its foundation the Parzen window evaluation and Renyi entropy of error probability density function.At the same time,by combining the MCC with the Mean Square Error(MSE),a mixed evaluation criterion with MCC and MSE is proposed as a cost function of NN training.According to the traffic network characteristics including the nonlinear,non-Gaussian,and mutation,the Elman neural network is trained by MCC and MCC-MSE,and then the trained neural network is used as the model for predicting network traffic.The simulation results based on the evaluation by Mean Absolute Error(MAE),MSE,and Sum Squared Error(SSE)show that the accuracy of the prediction based on MCC is superior to the results of the Elman neural network with MSE.The overall performance is improved by about 0.0131.

Detecting white matter alterations in multiple sclerosis using advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging

Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative and inflammatory disease, a hallmark of which is demyelinating lesions in the white matter. We hypothesized that alterations in white matter microstructures can be non-invasively characterized by advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Seven diffusion metrics were extracted from hybrid diffusion imaging acquisitions via classic diffusion tensor imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and q-space imaging. We investigated the sensitivity of the diffusion metrics in 36 sets of regions of interest in the brain white matter of six female patients(age 52.8 ± 4.3 years) with multiple sclerosis. Each region of interest set included a conventional T2-defined lesion, a matched perilesion area, and normal-appearing white matter. Six patients with multiple sclerosis(n = 5) or clinically isolated syndrome(n = 1) at a mild to moderate disability level were recruited. The patients exhibited microstructural alterations from normal-appearing white matter transitioning to perilesion areas and lesions, consistent with decreased tissue restriction, decreased axonal density, and increased classic diffusion tensor imaging diffusivity. The findings suggest that diffusion compartment modeling and q-spa ce analysis appeared to be sensitive for detecting subtle microstructural alterations between perilesion areas and normal-appearing white matter.

A Quantitative Security Metric Model for Security Controls:Secure Virtual Machine Migration Protocol as Target of Assessment

Quantitative security metrics are desirable for measuring the performance of information security controls. Security metrics help to make functional and business decisions for improving the performance and cost of the security controls. However, defining enterprise-level security metrics has already been listed as one of the hard problems in the Info Sec Research Council's hard problems list. Almost all the efforts in defining absolute security metrics for the enterprise security have not been proved fruitful. At the same time, with the maturity of the security industry, there has been a continuous emphasis from the regulatory bodies on establishing measurable security metrics. This paper addresses this need and proposes a relative security metric model that derives three quantitative security metrics named Attack Resiliency Measure(ARM), Performance Improvement Factor(PIF), and Cost/Benefit Measure(CBM) for measuring the performance of the security controls. For the effectiveness evaluation of the proposed security metrics, we took the secure virtual machine(VM) migration protocol as the target of assessment. The virtual-ization technologies are rapidly changing the landscape of the computing world. Devising security metrics for virtualized environment is even more challenging. As secure virtual machine migration is an evolving area and no standard protocol is available specifically for secure VM migration. This paper took the secure virtual machine migration protocol as the target of assessment and applied the proposed relative security metric model for measuring the Attack Resiliency Measure, Performance Improvement Factor, and Cost/Benefit Measure of the secure VM migration protocol.

Infrared radiation measurement of the aerial target based on temperature calibration and target images

The gray level values of target pixels of infrared images processed by the SUSAN noise filtering algorithm and the background filtering algorithm are calculated,assuming that the target distance is given in image acquisition.The equivalent blackbody temperature is obtained by the temperature calibration model that represents the quantitative relation,at a certain integration time,between the gray level value and the equivalent blackbody temperature.The temperature calibration model has been acquired by the curve fitting with the experimental data of blackbody temperature calibration using Origin 6.0.Then the target radiance can be determined by the radiant flux equivalence model built on condition that the target radiant flux received by the infrared detector is equivalent to that of the blackbody placed in front of the infrared detector at a close distance.This measuring method is based on the temperature calibration parameters and real image information,so it can avoid subjectivity of the traditional theory modeling methods.

Performance Calibration of Articulated Arm Coordinate Measuring Machine

This paper presents the method for the performance calibration of AACMM （articulated arm coordinate measuring machines） according to ASME B89.4.22 Standard. The growing use of this class of measurement equipment has been accompanied by an absence of authorized laboratories to provide calibration certificates for its performance. Due to ASME B89.4.22 and VD12617-9 are nowadays the unique standards in the field of AACMM verification, IK4 Tekniker has compared both of them in order to develop internal test procedures to yield reliable performance calibration results. As a result, IK4 Tekniker has been recognized by the Spanish Accreditation Body （ENAC） in the field of AACMM calibration. Internal test procedures and uncertainty evaluation analysis have been developed as well as ENAC certificated reference test equipments have been acquired to ensure a suitable AACMM calibration process.

Quantitative risk assessment & leak detection criteria for a subsea oil export pipeline

A quantitative risk assessment （QRA） based on leak detection criteria （LDC） for the design of a proposed subsea oil export pipeline is presented in this paper. The objective of this QRA/LDC study was to determine if current leak detection methodologies were sufficient, based on QRA results, while excluding the use of statistical leak detection; if not, an appropriate LDC for the leak detection system would need to be established. The famous UK PARLOC database was used for the calculation of pipeline failure rates, and the software POSVCM from MMS was used for oil spill simulations. QRA results revealed that the installation of a statistically based leak detection system （LDS） can significantly reduce time to leak detection, thereby mitigating the consequences of leakage. A sound LDC has been defined based on QRA study results and comments from various LDS vendors to assist the emergency response team （ERT） to quickly identify and locate leakage and employ the most effective measures to contain damage.

Pre-treatment verification of intensity-modulated radiation therapy in paediatric patients: adequate estimation for tolerance limits

Objective: The objective of this work was to establish adequate tolerance limits based on a certain defined institutional indices and generate published data presenting our results to the radiotherapy community. Methods: One hundred paediatric patients were treated using 6-MV X-ray beams produced by Siemens ONCOR Expression linear accelerator. The clinical step-and-shoot intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment plans were designed using KonRad release 2.2.23. For two treatment sites (abdomen, head and neck), the fluence maps generated by the treatment planning system were all delivered for the quality assurance (QA) which included absolute dose verification for all treatment fields, relative dose verification for each treatment field. Results: The 724 fluence maps were analyzed at three different criteria using the gamma index tool. The 3% dose difference of local prescribed dose /3 mm was considered adequate. The passing rate for all fields of all plans always exceeded 70%. The dose differences between the measured and calculated doses ranged from -2.2% to +4% [mean and standard deviation (s): 1.4 ± 1.5] for the abdominal case, and from -3.3% to +5.6% (1.3 ± 1.6) for head and neck case with total confidence limit 0.046 (4.6%). The 14/100 (14%) of the absolute point dose measurements were out of ±3% from the dose predicted by the treatment planning system. Only two cases were below -3%, while 12 cases over +3%. Conclusion: At 3% dose difference of local prescribed dose /3 mm criteria, a 75% passing a gamma criterion and 3% for absolute point dose can be achieved for abdomen and head and neck treatments site. We considered the tolerance limits based on these indices for IMRT QA adequate.

Block-based test data adequacy measurement criteria and test complexity metrics

On the basis of software testing tools we developed for programming languages, we firstly present a new control flowgraph model based on block. In view of the notion of block, we extend the traditional program\|based software test data adequacy measurement criteria, and empirically analyze the subsume relation between these measurement criteria. Then, we define four test complexity metrics based on block. They are J\|complexity 0; J\|complexity 1; J\|complexity \{1+\}; J\|complexity 2. Finally, we show the Kiviat diagram that makes software quality visible.

Pseudopotential generation

Different classes of first-principle pseudopotentials are compared and various schemes for pseudopotential generation based on norm conservation are discussed in this paper. BHS (Bachelet, Hamann, and Schlüter)-scheme and V (Vanderbilt)-modifications are used to derive the KB (Kleinman and Bylander)-pseudopotentials and pseudo wave functions of bismuth. Quality test of pseudopotentials shows that no ghost states occur in the logarithmic der ivatives of pseudo wave functions of Bismuth. The obtained bond length of bismuth dimer with this type of pseudopotentials is in good agreement with previous accurately calculate d ab initio quantum chemical result.

Effects of Grain Angle on Reproducibility and Accurate Measurement of Moisture Content of Wood Samples Using a Pin-Style Moisture Meter

Studies were conducted on the effects of grain angle on reproducibility and accurate measurement of moisture content of four wood samples using a pin-style moisture meter. The wood samples were partitioned into four quadrants and moisture contents were measured along the grain direction in the first and second quadrants from 0 degree to 150 degrees insteps of 30 degrees. Experimental results indicated that the average moisture content remained constant as the grain angle increased. Repeated measurements of moisture content at different grain angles or points on the wood surface showed similar patterns of variation. Within-point standard deviations of the moisture contents were greater than between-point standard deviations. A non-destructive method of measuring moisture content at the same location or point on the wood surfaces could not be proposed because of the high variation of moisture content when repeated measurements were taken at the same point. Instead, accurate measurements of moisture content could be obtained at random positions within a radius of 30 mm from the point of intersection of the moisture content axis and the grain angle.

Measurement of Trace Manganese(Ⅱ) by the Catalytic Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method

A new kinetic spectrophotometric method is developed for the measurement of manganese(Ⅱ) in water. The method is based on the catalytic effect of manganese(Ⅱ) with the oxidation of weak acid brilliant blue dye(RAWL) by KIO4 using the Nitrilo triacetic acid(NTA) as an activation reagent. The optimum conditions obtained are 40 mgL-1 RAWL,1×10-4molL-1 KIO4,2×10-4 molL-1 Nitrilo triacetic acid(NTA),pH = 5.8,the reaction time of 3.00 min and the temperature of 20.0 ℃. Under the optimum conditions,the proposed method allows the measurement of manganese(Ⅱ) in a range of 0-50.0 ng mL-1 and with a detection limit of down to 0.158 ng mL-1. The recovery efficiency in measuring the standard manganese(Ⅱ) solution is in a range of 98.5%-102%,and the RSD is in a range of 0.76%-1.25%. The new method has been successfully applied to the measurement of manganese(Ⅱ) in both fresh water and seawater samples with satisfying results. Moreover,few cations and anions interfere with the measurement of manganese(Ⅱ). Compared with other kinetic catalytic methods and instrumental methods,the proposed method shows fairly good selectivity and sensitivity,low cost,cheapness,low detection limit and rapidity. It can be applied on boats easily.

Stationarity Intervals of Time-Variant Channel in High Speed Railway Scenario

The non-stationary behavior, caused by the train rmverrent, is the rmin factor for the variation of high speed railway channel. To measure the tirce-variant effect, the parameter of stationarity interval, in which the channel keeps constant or has no great change, is adopted based on Zhengzfiou- Xi＇an （Zhengxi） passenger dedicated line measurement with different train speeds. The stationarity interval is calculated through the definition of Local Region of Stationarity （LRS） under three train ve- locities. Furthermore, the time non-stationary characteristic of high speed pared with five standard railway channel is corn- Multiple-Input MultipleOutput （MIMO） channel models, i.e. Spatial Channel Model （SCM）, extended version of SCM （SCME）, Wireless World Initiative New Radio Phase II （WINNERII）, International Mobile Teleconmnications-Advanced （IMT-Advanced） and WiMAX models which contain the high speed moving scenario. The stationarity interval of real channel is 9 ms in 80% of the cases, which is shorter than those of the standard models. Hence the real channel of high speed railway changes more rapidly. The stationarity intervals of standard models are different due to different modeling methods and scenario def- initions. And the compared results are instructive for wireless system design in high speed railway.