亚波长金属梯形槽阵列光陷效应研究

采用严格耦合波分析方法系统研究了平面波照明的亚波长梯形金属槽阵列的光学异常吸收现象。模拟了结构参数的改变对亚波长金属梯形槽阵列吸收效率的影响,并引入Fabry-Perot半解析模型对计算结果进行分析。研究结果表明,亚波长金属梯形槽阵列的吸收增强现象主要来自槽内模式的Fabry-Perot共振效应及阵列结构间表面等离激元的能量传导耦合作用。当槽深满足Fabry-Perot共振条件,且阵列周期满足表面等离激元激发条件时,金属梯形槽吸收率峰值接近1。与矩形槽相比,选择适当的梯形槽斜边倾角可以在保证吸收率的同时,放宽槽深的加工容忍度,有助于降低器件加工难度,提升器件设计可行性。

伸缩型金属人字梯

广东省江门市研制成功的一种适用于商场、仓库、办公室和家庭等场所之伸缩型金属人字梯．最近取得中国实用新型专利权。

15米金属拉梯攀登操的几点思考

对攀爬15米金属拉梯操作规程进行介绍,并从物理和数学视角,对提高15米金属拉梯攀登操训练成效进行探讨。

水泥工厂防火设计

论述了现行《水泥工厂设计规范》和《建筑设计防火规范》两规范在水泥工厂防火设计上的差异性和适用性条款。介绍了水泥工厂建筑专业防火设计的主要内容和设计中应注意的问题。对工业建筑中金属梯能否作为疏散梯作了重点阐述。

梯密度金属泡沫池沸腾换热性能的实验研究

本文实验研究了去离子水中梯密度通孔金属泡沫的池沸腾换热性能。梯密度金属泡沫材质为铜和镍,孔隙率为0.98,泡沫厚度为4~14 mm。实验结果表明,相比于单层泡沫,梯密度金属泡沫显著的增强了沸腾换热能力,但增强程度受孔密度变化梯度、泡沫厚度和材料的影响;往去离子水中加入表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）能明显的改变梯密度金属泡沫的池沸腾换热性能。

A facile method for fabrication of nano-structured Ni-Al_2O_3 graded coatings: Structural characterization

Powder charges of micron-size Ni and Al2O3were utilized to deposit nano-structured Ni-Al2O3composite coatings on analuminum plate fixed at the top end of a milling vial using a planetary ball mill.Composite coatings were fabricated using powdermixtures with a wide range of Ni/Al2O3mass ratio varying from1:1to plain Ni.XRD,SEM and TEM techniques were employed tostudy the structural characteristics of the coatings.It was found that the composition of the starting mixture strongly affects the Al2O3content and the microstructure of the final coating.Mixtures containing higher contents of Al2O3yield higher volume fractions of theAl2O3particles in the coating.Though Ni-Al2O3composite coatings with about50%of Al2O3particles were successfully deposited,well-compacted and free of cracks and/or voids coatings included less than20%(volume fraction)of Al2O3particles which weredeposited from powder mixtures with Ni/Al2O3mass ratios of4:1or higher.Moreover,mechanical and metallurgical bondings arethe main mechanisms of the adhesion of the coating to the Al substrate.Finally,functionally graded composite coatings withnoticeable compaction and integrity were produced by deposition of two separate layers under identical coating conditions.

Control over Surrounding Rocks Deformation of Soft Floor and Whole-Coal Gateways with Trapezoidal Supports

In Gengcun Colliery, Yima Coal Group Co. Ltd.the characteristics of the gateways of thick coal seam and the coal seam is with fully mechanized sublevel caving mining are that the thickness of roof coal seam of gateways is larger, their surrounding rocks are the whole-coal mass and the coal seam is prone to Spontaneous Combustion. With the natural equilibrium arch theory, the reasonable adjacent distance of No.11 mine-type metal supports was calculated in trapezoidal gateways based on these characteristics. Then, in-situ supporting experiments were carried out. The results indicate that under the action of virgin rock stress, the width of broken rocks zone of surrounding rocks is 1.7–2.0 m in return heading and 1.1–1.3 m in going headway. And their surrounding rocks belong to the Ⅳ-type soften rock and the Ⅲ-type common surrounding rock respectively. Therefore, under the movable abutment pressure, the gateways deformation is serious. It is suggested that the designed gateways have to use pre-broadened cross section to suit their deformation. At the same time, the accumulated water on gateway floor must be drained in time. These measures were taken in the 1302 and 1304 coal faces in Gengcun Colliery, and the satisfactory results have been obtained.

Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of functionally graded Al2024/SiC composites prepared by powder metallurgy techniques

Al2024/SiC functionally graded materials (FGMs) with different numbers of graded layers and different amounts of SiC were fabricated successfully by powder metallurgy method and hot pressing process. The effects of increasing SiC content and number of layers of Al2024/SiC FGMs on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses indicated that Al and SiC were dominant components as well as others such as Al4C3, CuAl2, and CuMgAl2

Application of empirical mode decomposition in early diagnosis of magnetic memory signal

In order to eliminate noise interference of metal magnetic memory signal in early diagnosis of stress concentration zones and metal defects, the empirical mode decomposition method combined with the magnetic field gradient characteristic was proposed. A compressive force periodically acting upon a casing pipe led to appreciable deformation, and magnetic signals were measured by a magnetic indicator TSC-1M-4. The raw magnetic memory signal was first decomposed into different intrinsic mode functions and a residue, and the magnetic field gradient distribution of the subsequent reconstructed signal was obtained. The experimental results show that the gradient around 350 mm represents the maximum value ignoring the marginal effect, and there is a good correlation between the real maximum field gradient and the stress concentration zone. The wavelet transform associated with envelop analysis also exhibits this gradient characteristic, indicating that the proposed method is effective for early identifying critical zones.

十五米金属拉梯升降器在吉林诞生

一直以来，十五米金属拉梯在实际灭火战斗，尤其是楼房火灾的扑救和疏散被困人员中都发挥着极其重要的作用。但由于十五米金属拉梯体积大、重量大，在实际操作尤其是升降过程中十分不便，费人、费时、费力，而月．在升降过程中还存在着不安全因素。

Primary Results of Liquid Metal Free Surface Jet Research

The liquid metal free surface innovation concept have been considered as liquid metal devices of divertor/limiter and tile of first wall in fusion device because it can withstand over 50 MW·m^2 heating load, is easily renewed by circulation and many overcome neutron irradiation damage life time limit. There are three types of free surface in the innovation concept as film, curtain （jets or drops） and capillary. The free surface jet is played a more attention at present. But it is no so clear and only a few available data that their magneto-hydrodynamics （MHD） instabilities, interaction with plasma and exclusion of the particles （ions, Alpha particles and so on） from liquid metal, in despite of many liquid metal free surface facilities built and operated especially in US in last two years. Recently, some primary results are carried out at LMEL facility at Southwestern Institute of Physics.

Inter-zone constraint modifies the stress-strain response of the constituent layer in gradient structure

How an individual constituent zone behaves during the deformation of a heterostructured metallic material is a fundamental issue for understanding heterostructure deformation, but it remains a challenge to experimentally observe it. Here we report a study on the stress-strain behavior of the nanostructured gradient layer(NGL) in an integrated gradient specimen that consists of a coarse-grained(CG)central layer sandwiched between two NGLs. Constraint from the CG central layer led to the formation of dense and dispersed stable strain bands(SBs) in the NGL, which regained dislocation hardening after initial recovery and grain coarsening. Consequently, the NGL exhibited a transient plateau of flow stress after yielding, and then regained extra strain hardening to achieve excellent uniform elongation. These unique behaviors are dramatically different from those of a freestanding NGL, indicating a fundamentally different deformation principle that is intrinsic to heterostructures, i.e.,inter-zone constraint modifies the constitutive behavior of constituent zones.

Sound absorption coefficient optimization of gradient sintered metal fiber felts

An optimization method for sound absorption of gradient(multi-layered) sintered metal fiber felts is presented. The theoretical model based on dynamic flow resistivity is selected to calculate the sound absorption coefficient of the sintered metal fiber felts since it only requires three key morphological parameters: fiber diameter, porosity and layer thickness. The model predictions agree well with experimental measurements. Objective functions and constraint conditions are then set up to optimize separately the distribution of porosity, fiber diameter, and simultaneous porosity and fiber diameter in the metal fiber. The optimization problem for either a sole frequency or a pre-specified frequency range is solved using a genetic algorithm method. Acoustic performance comparison between optimized and non-optimized metal fibers is presented to confirm the effectiveness of the optimization method. Gradient sintered metal fiber felts hold great potential for noise control applications particularly when stringent restriction is placed on the total volume and/or weight of sound absorbing material allowed to use.

Diversity change of microbial communities responding to zinc and arsenic pollution in a river of northeastern China

Pollution discharge disturbs the natural functions of water systems. The environmental microbial com-munity composition and diversity are sensitive key indicators to the impact of water pol utant on the microbial ecology system over time. It is meaningful to develop a way to identify the microbial diversity related to heavy metal effects in evaluating river pol ution. Water and sediment samples were col ected from eight sections along the Tiaozi River where wastewater and sewage were discharged from Siping City in northeastern China. The main pollutants contents and microbial communities were analyzed. As the primary metal pol utants, zinc （Zn） and arsenic （As） were recorded at the maximum concentrations of 420 and 5.72 μg/L in the water, and 1704 and 1.92 mg/kg in the sediment, re-spectively. These pollutants posed a threat to the microbial community diversity as only a few species of bacteria and eukaryotes with strong resistance were detected through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE）. Acineto-bacter johnsoni , Clostridium cel ulovorans, and Trichococcus pasteuri were the dominant bacteria in the severely pol uted areas. The massive reproduction of Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri almost depleted the dissolved oxygen （DO） and resulted in the decline of the aerobic bacteria. It was noted that the pollution reduced the microbial diversity but the L. hoffmeisteri mass increased as the dominant community, which led to the overconsuming of DO and anaerobic stinking water bodies. Water quality, concentrations of heavy metals, and the spatial distribution of microbial popula-tions have obvious consistencies, which mean that the heavy metals in the river pose a serious stress on the microorganisms.

Generalized Aifantis strain gradient plasticity model with internal length scale dependence on grain size,sample size and strain

The internal length scale(ILS)is a dominant parameter in strain gradient plasticity(SGP)theories,which helps to successfully explain the size effect of metals at the microscale.However,the ILS is usually introduced into strain gradient frameworks for dimensional consistency and is model-dependent.Even now,its physical meaning,connection with the microstructure of the material,and dependence on the strain level have not been thoroughly elucidated.In the current work,Aifantis'SGP model is reformulated by incorporating a recently proposed power-law relation for strain-dependent ILS.A further extension of Aifantis'SGP model by including the grain size effect is conducted according to the Hall-Petch formulation,and then the predictions are compared with torsion experiments of thin wires.It is revealed that the ILS depends on the sample size and grain size simultaneously;these dependencies are dominated by the dislocation spacing and can be well described through the strain hardenmg exponent.Furthermore,both the original and generalized Aifantis models provide larger estimated values for the ILS than Fleck-Hutchinson's theory.