混合金属离子溶液中形成复合氢氧化物的研究

采用电位滴定法对Ⅲ价～Ⅱ价混合金属离子(Al3+、Fe3+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Cu2+)水溶液加碱形成复合氢氧化物进行了研究.结果发现,所研究的M3+～M2+混合体系均能形成复合氢氧化物,并且复合氢氧化物沉淀时的pH值低于单一金属离子析出M(OH)2沉淀时的pH值,这种pH值差别越大,越易形成复合氢氧化物,即形成复合的顺序是:Ni2+>Zn2+>Cu2+.

运用神经网络识别注射过金属离子溶液树冠的实验研究

本文运用神经网络ＢＰ算法对高分辨率航空多光谱图像进行了模式识别研究，成功地识别出注射过金属离子溶液树冠，并与最大似然法的分类结果进行了比较。得出在分类精度上，神经网络模式识别比传统的最大似然分类方法具有优势的结论。

pH对荷电有机超滤膜处理金属离子溶液的影响

分别以NaCl、KCl、MgCl2、CaCl2和AlCl3溶液为背景电解质液，测定了聚砜中空纤维超率膜（截留分子量为6k）的流动电位、膜渗透性、离子截留率及pH值差（pH渗透液-pH截留液），并考察pH值对这些参数的影响；在此基础上，研究不同pH环境中离子混合溶液的超滤行为，并与单一溶液进行比较。

用水生植物富集重金属的方法

该方法是用新发现的重金属铜和铅的超富集水生物来富集铜和铅，其优点是，超富集水生植物对水中的重金属铜和铅有很好的富集效果，其对铜和铅的耐受性很好，富集时间短。其具体富集方法是：将一定重量的黑藻暴露于PH=3—7、浓度时间为1mg／L～200mg／L的重金属离子溶液中，每24小时重新配置溶液并继续暴露，暴露时间为1-50天；

原子吸收法研究藻类对Cd吸附与洗脱

本研究采用原子吸收光度法来检测溶液中的镉，以此来研究藻类（海带，海白菜和紫菜）对重金属离子溶液中镉的吸附与解吸附睛况，以探索生物质吸附法去除有毒重金属镉的可行性。

基于EDTA的配位滴定通式

根据物料平衡及滴定过程中的体积比,建立了基于EDTA的配位滴定通式,可以计算出EDTA滴定混合金属离子溶液时各种组分的浓度曲线,也可以计算出金属离子指示剂的浓度对滴定曲线的影响,有利于从整体上把握配位滴定过程。此通式还可以导出两种金属离子分别滴定的判据。实际滴定例子的浓度曲线的计算结果表明,本通式与实际情况基本一致。

非有机溶剂萃取法分离测定多组分混合样品中铝

多组分混合样品中铝的测定。利用PEG PAN (NH4)2SO4体系,对Al3+、Co2+、Cu2+、Fe3+、Mg2+、Ni2+、Zn2+混合液进行萃取分离,并用络天青S对Al3+进行定量测定。在pH 5.3 的HOAc NaOAc缓冲溶液中Co2+、Cu2+、Fe3+、Mg2+、Ni2+、Zn2+ 几乎被PEG相完全萃取,Al3+ 几乎不被萃取。实现了对上述混合离子溶液中Al3+ 的定量测定。Al3+ 含量在0~0.40 mg·L-1范围内具有良好的线性关系,回收率在96.8%~103.1%。

国外分析用分离方法的研、发动态

1针筒连接微柱萃取法 取Ф3mm×50mm塑料柱一个，用干装法装入300mg吸附剂Chromosorb-103，并用小玻璃绒塞将两端塞紧。另取1mg·L^-1金属离子溶液10mL与0．01mol·L^-1环丁胺基二硫代甲酸钠溶液1mL混合后，抽人50mL针筒中，再将针筒与微柱连接，分两次缓缓注入微柱中，用去离子水洗针筒和微柱，抽取1mol·L^-1硝酸的丙醇溶液10mL于针筒中，再注入微柱解吸金属离子，一般取试液50mL。如增至500mL，则须分10次进行，但仅需一次洗脱一解吸，最后将洗脱液浓缩至4mL，浓集倍数为125。

利用胶质气体泡沫气浮Cu(Ⅱ)

Colloidal gas aphrons(CGAs) were first defined by Sebba( J.Colloid Interface Sci .,1971,35(4):643) as micro bubbles(25—300?μm).These microbubbles do not coalesce easily and are markedly different from conventional soap bubbles in their stability and flow properties.CGAs are composed of a gaseous inner core surrounded by a thin surfactant film, which are created by intense stirring of a surfactant solution. CGA dispersion typically contains about 65% gas. CGA suspensions have viscosity similar to water, which make them suitable for pumping without deterioration in quality. Two important considerations in the application of CGA suspensions are: ① their colloidal size, resulting in a large surface area to volume ratio, and ② the existence of a double film of surfactant encapsulating the gas that retards the coalescence of the bubble. CGA suspensions are found very effective for separating hydrophobic organic compounds and heavy metal ions. In this paper, flotation of Cu(Ⅱ) by colloidal gas aphrons has been conducted in order to explore a new method for separating heavy metal ions from dilute solution. The effects of CGA flow rate, amounts of CGA introduced to the system, surfactant concentration on the flotation efficiency have been systematically investigated. The optimum flotation condition is determined. The results show that flotation efficiency at pH=5—6 has an optimum value to CGA flow rate and amount. When pH is greater than 7, the flotation efficiency can be as high as 99% at the optimum condition.

可靠的集成电路芯片化学镀方法

发明了一种高生产率的可靠的集成电路化学镀方法。使用聚酰亚胺粘合剂将芯片粘合在支架上，以消除焊接处的电位差异，以免影响化学镀层。芯片使用多道清洗液清洗，每道清洗液加热到指定的温度。每道清洗后用去离子水漂洗。芯片在多道指定温度的金属离子溶液中浸渍，每次浸渍后用热的去离子水漂洗。

一种氨基聚倍半硅氧烷对位芳纶复合吸附材料的制备方法

本发明针对现有聚倍半硅氧烷吸附重金属后难以回收利用的问题和废弃芳纶的再利用问题，提供一种氨基聚倍半硅氧烷对位芳纶复合吸附材料的制备方法。本发明的有益效果是：制备得到的氨基聚倍半硅氧烷对位芳纶复合吸附材料能提高吸附剂吸附功能基的利用率，增加吸附剂与含重金属离子溶液接触的比表面积，从而提高吸附量；另能使聚倍半硅氧烷吸附剂吸附重金属后变得易提取易回收，

一种纳米巯基聚倍半硅氧烷对位芳纶复合吸附剂的制备方法

本发明针对现有聚倍半硅氧烷吸附重金属后难以回收利用的问题和废弃芳纶的再利用问题，提供一种纳米巯基聚倍半硅氧烷对位芳纶复合吸附剂的制备方法。本发明的有益效果是：与块状的聚倍半硅氧烷相比，极大地避免了聚倍半硅氧烷硅氧键的内部交联，制备得到的巯基聚倍半硅氧烷对位芳纶复合吸附剂能提高吸附剂吸附功能基的利用率，增加吸附剂与含重金属离子溶液接触的比表面积，从而提高吸附量。

Mechanism of different particle sizes of quartz activated by metallic ion in butyl xanthate solution

To investigate effect of metallic ion activation on different particle sizes of quartz in butyl xanthate solution,six common ions(Pb^(2+),Cu^(2+),Fe^(3+),Fe^(2+),Mg^(2+) and Ca^(2+)) were introduced as activators.The approaches of micro-flotation,adsorption test and zeta potential measurement were adopted to reveal the mechanism of ion activation.The results show that Pb^(2+),Cu^(2+) and Fe^(3+) are effective activators for the flotation of quartz in butyl xanthate solution because of their absorption on activated quartz surface.Average recoveries of fine particles(<37 μm) are greater than those of coarser particles(37-74 μm),suggesting that the former is easier to be activated and more likely to be floated and thus entrained in sulphide concentrate.From another perspective,addition of metallic ions(Pb^(2+),Cu^(2+) and Fe^(3+)) renders zeta potentials move positively,and addition of the same metallic ions and butyl xanthate makes zeta potential drop apparently,which support a mechanism where they adsorb onto quartz surface,resulting in an expected increase in butyl xanthate collector adsorption with a concomitant increase in the flotation recoveries.

Selective removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions with surface functionalized silica nanoparticles by different functional groups

The industrial silica fume pretreated by nitric acid at 80 °C was re-used in this work. Then, the obtained silica nanoparticles were surface functionalized by silane coupling agents, such as(3-Mercaptopropyl) triethoxysilane(MPTES) and(3-Amincpropyl) trithoxysilane(APTES). Some further modifications were studied by chloroaceetyl choride and 1,8-Diaminoaphalene for amino modified silica. The surface functionalized silica nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared(FI-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The prepared adsorbent of surface functionalized silica nanoparticles with differential function groups were investigated in the selective adsorption about Pb2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ions in aqueous solutions. The results show that the(3-Mercaptopropyl) triethoxysilane functionalized silica nanoparticles(SiO2-MPTES) play an important role in the selective adsorption of Cu2+ and Hg2+, the(3-Amincpropyl) trithoxysilane(APTES) functionalized silica nanoparticles(SiO2-APTES) exhibited maximum removal efficiency towards Pb2+ and Hg2+, the 1,8-Diaminoaphalene functionalized silica nanoparticles was excellent for removal of Hg2+ at room temperature, respectively.

Comprehensive Alcohol-/Ion-Responsive Properties of Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide-co-Benzo-18-Crown-6-Acrylamide) Copolymers

In this paper, we report on the comprehensive alcohol-/ion-responsive properties of a smart copolymer poly（N- isopropylacry]amide-co-benzo-18-crown-6-acrylamide） （P（NIPAM-co-BCAm））. The orthogonal design method is adopted for experimental design. The experimental results show that alcohol can trigger the shrinking and Ba2t can induce the swelling of the P（NIPAM-co-BCAm） copolymer. According to the phase transition tempera- ture （LCST） change results of the copolymer, the influence of variables on the LCST changes weakens in the following order： alcohol concentration 〉 alcohol species 〉 metal ion species 〉 BCAm concentration 〉 ion concentration. The larger the alcohol concentration and the larger the molecular size of alcohols, the lower the LCST value; on the contrary, the more the BCAm content in the copolymer or the larger the BCAm/ion complex stability constant （IgK） or the larger the ion concentration is, the higher the LCST value. For a P（NIPAM-co-BCAm ） copolymer with a fixed BCAm content, a binary function of ion concentration and IgK of BCAm/ion is developed to precisely predict the LCST values of the copolymer in different metal ion solutions. The results provide valuable information for fabricating artificial biomimetic G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium （GIRK） channels that are activated by alcohol and inhibited by Ba2＋.

Adsorption of Cu（ll）, Ni（ll） and Pb（ll） Ions in Aqueous Solutions by a Biopolymer Chitosan at Different Molecular Weights

In this study, the feasibility of using chitosan, a multifunctional environmentally friendly biopolymer, at different molecular weights to simultaneously adsorb various metal ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated. The experiments were carried out to estimate adsorptivity and selectivity of three molecular weights chitosan, 3.60 × 105 （Chl）, 5.97 × 105 （Ch2） and 9.47 × 105 （Ch3） g/mol, towards Cu（II）, Ni（II）, and Pb（II） ions in aqueous solutions. Experimental results indicated that chitosan of high molecular weight （Ch3） was the best at adsorption capacity than the others. On chitosan solutions followed by Ni（II） and then Cu（II）. the other hand, Pb（lI） had the highest adsorption ability in the three

Reaction between Alkaline Metal Ions and ASR Reactive Aggregate and Behavior of Na＊ and K＊ in Cement Paste Replaced by Li＊

This paper studies the reaction between alkaline metal ions Li＋, Na＋ and K＋ and ASR （alkali-silica reaction） reactive aggregates to determine whether Li＋ can substitute Na＋ and K＋ that are unified in cement paste. Reactive aggregates use meta-sandstone from eastern Taiwan and Pyrex glass. Non-reactive aggregates use siliceous sand. The results show that the dissolved amount of SiO2 is lower when the reactive aggregates are immersed in an 80 ℃1 N LiOH＇H20 solution than in NaOH and KOH solutions. The reduced amounts of OH and Li＋ in the solution are also higher than those in the NaOH and KOH solutions. These results reveal that reactive SiO2 can react with LiOH to form a reactant with low water solubility. When the powder of the cement paste is immersed in an 80 ℃ 1 N LiOH-H2O solution, the amounts of free Na＋ and K＋ in the solution are higher than those in water. The increased amount increases with the duration of immersion. The amount of Li＋ in the solution also decreases with the duration of immersion. These results reveal that Li＋ can substitute Na＋ and K＋ that are unified in cement paste, which indicates that ASR can be prevented with the existence of Li＋.

Biosorption of Toxic Zn（ll） Ion from Water Using Ion Imprinted Interpenetrating Polymer Networks

Toxic Zn（II） ion imprinted interpenetrating polymer networks were synthesized for the selective sorption of Zn（ll） from aqueous solutions using a biopolymer alginic acid. The polymeric biosorbant was prepared using Zn（II） ion as template, acrylamide as functional monomer, cross linker NNMBA （N,N＇ Methylene-bis-acrylamide） and potassium persulphate as an initiator. The non-imprinted polymer networks were also prepared without use of the Zn（II） ion. The synthesized interpenetrating networks were characterized by various spectral techniques. Metal ion binding studies were carried out and the factors affecting binding were also optimized. Competitive sorption studies were investigated to determine the selectivity of Zn（II） ion imprinted interpenetrating polymer network. Zinc ion imprinted polymer networks showed good selectivity for the target ion.

Determination of heavy metal ion in landfill leachate with solvent extracting ＆ fluorescence quenching method

Add the masking agent and biscyclohexanoneoxalyldihydraone into the diluted clarificd liquid of the landfill leachate which was treatmented by digestion and centrifugal filtration to complexate all heavy metal ion in the trcatmented liquid, and extracted using CHCl3 many time, then it were demasking and decomposing respectively, and adjusted different pH and formed Me^n＋-PAN coordination compound when these metal ion reaction with PAN. The Fluoresence quenching of Rh6G （λex/λem=543mn/558nm） when the metal ion coordination compound was add into the Rh6G solution step by step, the quenching intensity was directly proportional to the concentration of the metal ion in the certain range. So a new method of fast and simple for determination of trace metal ion in landfill lcachate was established to determine metal ion in sample of different landfill leachate in Three Gorge Water Reservoir, and comparison the classic assay method with satisfactory results.

风化煤对电镀废水中Pb^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Ni^(2+)、Zn^(2+)的吸附与解吸

用分光光度法分析研究了风化煤对水中Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋、Ni^2＋、Zn^2＋4种金属离子的吸附与解吸。温度为20℃，滤速为4mL／min，pH值为4时，浓度为20mg／L的Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋、Ni^2＋、Zn^2＋ 4种金属离子溶液，经风化煤吸附后，其去除率均达97％以上。电镀废水经风化煤二级吸附后，达到国家排放标准。