提出了一种被动式红外动态图像生成技术及相关装置.理论上分析了该装置的时间常数、空间分辨率和辐射对比度等参数,并进行了实验研究.实验测得转换器的空间分辨率为6lp/m m ,对比度大于100:1,时间常数～6m s.所得到的红外图像可用于对...提出了一种被动式红外动态图像生成技术及相关装置.理论上分析了该装置的时间常数、空间分辨率和辐射对比度等参数,并进行了实验研究.实验测得转换器的空间分辨率为6lp/m m ,对比度大于100:1,时间常数～6m s.所得到的红外图像可用于对各种红外成像仪器和设备进行性能检测和标定。展开更多
The oxidative dissolution of metalliferous black shale in sulfuric acid solution using sodium persulfate as an oxidant was investigated. The effects of leaching factors including leaching temperature, leaching time, s...The oxidative dissolution of metalliferous black shale in sulfuric acid solution using sodium persulfate as an oxidant was investigated. The effects of leaching factors including leaching temperature, leaching time, stirring speed, initial concentration of sodium persulfate and sulfuric acid and particle size on the leaching rate were studied as well. The leaching kinetics of molybdenum, nickel and iron from metalliferous black shale shows that the leaching rate is controlled by a chemical reaction through a layer on the unreacted shrinking core. The leaching process follows the kinetics model 1-（1-a）^1/3=kt with apparent activation energies of 34.50, 43.14 and 71.79 kJ/mol for Mo, Ni and Fe, respectively. The reaction orders in sodium persulfate are 0.80, 1.01 and 0.75 for molybdenum, nickel and iron, respectively, while in sulfuric acid, these orders are 0.45, 0.75 and 0.50 for molybdenum, nickel and iron, respectively. In addition, the reaction mechanism for the dissolution of the metalliferous black shale was discussed.展开更多
Two-dimensional materials(2D)with unique physicochemical properties have been widely studied for their use in many applications,including as hydrogen evolution catalysts to improve the efficiency of water splitting.Re...Two-dimensional materials(2D)with unique physicochemical properties have been widely studied for their use in many applications,including as hydrogen evolution catalysts to improve the efficiency of water splitting.Recently,typical 2D materials MoS2,graphene,MXenes,and black phosphorus have been widely investigated for their application in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In this review,we summarize three efficient strategies—defect engineering,heterostructure formation,and heteroatom doping—for improving the HER performance of 2D catalysts.The d-band theory,density of states,and Fermi energy level are discussed to provide guidance for the design and construction of novel 2D materials.The challenges and prospects of 2D materials in the HER are also considered.展开更多
The recovery of nickel from molybdenum leach residue by the process of segregation roasting-sulfuric acid leaching-solvent extraction was investigated. The residue was characterized by microscopic investigations, usin...The recovery of nickel from molybdenum leach residue by the process of segregation roasting-sulfuric acid leaching-solvent extraction was investigated. The residue was characterized by microscopic investigations, using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry （XRF） and X-ray diffractometry （XRD） techniques and the residue after segregation roasting was characterized by chemical phase analysis method. A series of experiments were conducted to examine the mass ratio of activated carbon （AC） to the residue, segregation roasting time and temperature, sulfuric acid concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, leaching time, leaching temperature, addition amount of 30% H2O2, stirring speed （a constant） on the leaching efficiency of nickel. A maximum nickel leaching efficiency of 90.5% is achieved with the mass ratio of AC to the residue of 1：2.5, segregation roasting time of 2 h, segregation roasting temperature of 850 ℃, sulfuric acid concentration of 4.5 mol/L, liquid-to-solid ratio of 6：1, leaching time of 5 h, leaching temperature of 80 ℃, addition of 30% H202 of 0.6 mL for 1 g dry residue. Under these optimized conditions, the average leaching efficiency of nickel is 89.3%. The nickel extraction efficiency in the examined conditions is about 99.6%, and the nickel stripping efficiency in the examined conditions is about 99.2%.展开更多
The effects of degraded porphyran (P1) and natural porphyran (P) on the lifespan and vitality of Drosophila melanogaster are studied. The porphyrans, added daily to the food medium at 0.2% and 1% concentrations, can s...The effects of degraded porphyran (P1) and natural porphyran (P) on the lifespan and vitality of Drosophila melanogaster are studied. The porphyrans, added daily to the food medium at 0.2% and 1% concentrations, can significantly increase the lifespan in average of 55.79 and 58.23 d in 0.2% P1 diet females and 1% P1 diet males, extending by 12.29% and 8.60% over the corresponding controls, respectively. The effects of porphyrans on D. melanogaster in heat-stress condition were also examined, and found a remarkable increase in survival time. The results which are consistently associated with the use of porphyrans are related to their free radical scavenger action. Considerable increase in vitality demonstrated that vitalities of middle-aged fly (assessed by measuring their mating capacity) was observed after porphyrans addition. Therefore, porphyrans are effective in reducing the rate of aging, and P1 in low molecular weight is better than natural P.展开更多
The paper presents the results of a comprehensive monitoring of the polygon： ＂Odessa Region, north-western part of the Black Sea＂ for the period 2009-2011. It is shown that most of the copper and nickel is brought ...The paper presents the results of a comprehensive monitoring of the polygon： ＂Odessa Region, north-western part of the Black Sea＂ for the period 2009-2011. It is shown that most of the copper and nickel is brought into the sea from the catchment area, and zinc and cadmium are mainly of the autochthonous origin. It is found that in 2010, after heavy rains, the area of bottom sediments contaminated by copper and nickel was increased. The main source of copper in the sea is vast vineyards.展开更多
基金Project(15A151)supported by the Key Research Projects of Education Department of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(2015JJ2115)supported by the Natural Science Fund Council of Hunan Province,China+1 种基金Project(JSU071308)supported by the Construct Program of the Key Discipline in Hunan Province,ChinaProject(APSTIRT02)supported by the Aid Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Province,China
文摘The oxidative dissolution of metalliferous black shale in sulfuric acid solution using sodium persulfate as an oxidant was investigated. The effects of leaching factors including leaching temperature, leaching time, stirring speed, initial concentration of sodium persulfate and sulfuric acid and particle size on the leaching rate were studied as well. The leaching kinetics of molybdenum, nickel and iron from metalliferous black shale shows that the leaching rate is controlled by a chemical reaction through a layer on the unreacted shrinking core. The leaching process follows the kinetics model 1-（1-a）^1/3=kt with apparent activation energies of 34.50, 43.14 and 71.79 kJ/mol for Mo, Ni and Fe, respectively. The reaction orders in sodium persulfate are 0.80, 1.01 and 0.75 for molybdenum, nickel and iron, respectively, while in sulfuric acid, these orders are 0.45, 0.75 and 0.50 for molybdenum, nickel and iron, respectively. In addition, the reaction mechanism for the dissolution of the metalliferous black shale was discussed.
文摘Two-dimensional materials(2D)with unique physicochemical properties have been widely studied for their use in many applications,including as hydrogen evolution catalysts to improve the efficiency of water splitting.Recently,typical 2D materials MoS2,graphene,MXenes,and black phosphorus have been widely investigated for their application in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In this review,we summarize three efficient strategies—defect engineering,heterostructure formation,and heteroatom doping—for improving the HER performance of 2D catalysts.The d-band theory,density of states,and Fermi energy level are discussed to provide guidance for the design and construction of novel 2D materials.The challenges and prospects of 2D materials in the HER are also considered.
基金Project(2007CB613604)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘The recovery of nickel from molybdenum leach residue by the process of segregation roasting-sulfuric acid leaching-solvent extraction was investigated. The residue was characterized by microscopic investigations, using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry （XRF） and X-ray diffractometry （XRD） techniques and the residue after segregation roasting was characterized by chemical phase analysis method. A series of experiments were conducted to examine the mass ratio of activated carbon （AC） to the residue, segregation roasting time and temperature, sulfuric acid concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, leaching time, leaching temperature, addition amount of 30% H2O2, stirring speed （a constant） on the leaching efficiency of nickel. A maximum nickel leaching efficiency of 90.5% is achieved with the mass ratio of AC to the residue of 1：2.5, segregation roasting time of 2 h, segregation roasting temperature of 850 ℃, sulfuric acid concentration of 4.5 mol/L, liquid-to-solid ratio of 6：1, leaching time of 5 h, leaching temperature of 80 ℃, addition of 30% H202 of 0.6 mL for 1 g dry residue. Under these optimized conditions, the average leaching efficiency of nickel is 89.3%. The nickel extraction efficiency in the examined conditions is about 99.6%, and the nickel stripping efficiency in the examined conditions is about 99.2%.
基金the Innovative Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX-YW-209).
文摘The effects of degraded porphyran (P1) and natural porphyran (P) on the lifespan and vitality of Drosophila melanogaster are studied. The porphyrans, added daily to the food medium at 0.2% and 1% concentrations, can significantly increase the lifespan in average of 55.79 and 58.23 d in 0.2% P1 diet females and 1% P1 diet males, extending by 12.29% and 8.60% over the corresponding controls, respectively. The effects of porphyrans on D. melanogaster in heat-stress condition were also examined, and found a remarkable increase in survival time. The results which are consistently associated with the use of porphyrans are related to their free radical scavenger action. Considerable increase in vitality demonstrated that vitalities of middle-aged fly (assessed by measuring their mating capacity) was observed after porphyrans addition. Therefore, porphyrans are effective in reducing the rate of aging, and P1 in low molecular weight is better than natural P.
文摘The paper presents the results of a comprehensive monitoring of the polygon： ＂Odessa Region, north-western part of the Black Sea＂ for the period 2009-2011. It is shown that most of the copper and nickel is brought into the sea from the catchment area, and zinc and cadmium are mainly of the autochthonous origin. It is found that in 2010, after heavy rains, the area of bottom sediments contaminated by copper and nickel was increased. The main source of copper in the sea is vast vineyards.
