In this paper, the determinants of the voluntary disclosure level of firms have been investigated during a period of deep financial crisis. Two disclosure indexes used as dependent variables are proposed： a global in...In this paper, the determinants of the voluntary disclosure level of firms have been investigated during a period of deep financial crisis. Two disclosure indexes used as dependent variables are proposed： a global index based on both quantitative and qualitative disclosure and a solely quantitative voluntary index. Firstly, the explanatory variables have been selected taking into account the main contributions of international literature. In addition, some specific variables have been introduced in order to take into account the peculiarities of Italian market system and the ongoing financial crisis. A positive relationship has been found among the global voluntary disclosure （GVD） and the number of employees, the dividend policy, and the presence of independent directors on the board. On the contrary, a negative correlation with respect to the percentage of the firm＇s outstanding shares held by directors （not independent） exists. With reference to the quantitative voluntary disclosure （QVD） index, there is a positive correlation with the number of employees, the dividend policy, the market floating, and the incidence of intangible assets. Moreover, such （quantitative） a disclosure is different depending on the industrial membership sector.展开更多
In this paper,it is pointed out that the descriptions of alloy phase structures are dependent on structural unit sequence.In the systematic science of alloys(SSA),the alloy phase structures are described by means of t...In this paper,it is pointed out that the descriptions of alloy phase structures are dependent on structural unit sequence.In the systematic science of alloys(SSA),the alloy phase structures are described by means of the symmetry element sequence combining with characteristic atom sequence.It is named the characteristic atom arranging structure,which can display the characteristic atoms at the lattice sites and the micro-inhomogeneity,besides the symmetry.Each characteristic atom has its own characters:neighboring configuration,potential energy,volume and electronic structure.The micro-inhomogeneity of alloy phases can be described by concentrations and short-range ordered parameters of characteristic atoms.The differences between the electronic structures of alloy phases and electronic structures of characteristic atoms in the alloy phases are also discussed.展开更多
The interaction of nanoparticles with proteins is extremely complex, important for understanding the biological properties of nanomaterials, but is very poorly understood. We have employed a combinatorial library of s...The interaction of nanoparticles with proteins is extremely complex, important for understanding the biological properties of nanomaterials, but is very poorly understood. We have employed a combinatorial library of surface modified gold nanoparticles to interrogate the relationships between the nanoparticle surface chemistry and the specific and nonspecific binding to a common, important, and representative enzyme, acetylcholinesterase （ACHE）. We also used Bayesian neural networks to generate robust quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） models relating the nanoparticle surface to the AChE binding that also provided significant understanding into the molecular basis for these interactions. The results illustrate the insights that result from a synergistic blending of experimental combinatorial synthesis and biological testing of nanoparticles with quantitative computational methods and molecular modeling.展开更多
文摘In this paper, the determinants of the voluntary disclosure level of firms have been investigated during a period of deep financial crisis. Two disclosure indexes used as dependent variables are proposed： a global index based on both quantitative and qualitative disclosure and a solely quantitative voluntary index. Firstly, the explanatory variables have been selected taking into account the main contributions of international literature. In addition, some specific variables have been introduced in order to take into account the peculiarities of Italian market system and the ongoing financial crisis. A positive relationship has been found among the global voluntary disclosure （GVD） and the number of employees, the dividend policy, and the presence of independent directors on the board. On the contrary, a negative correlation with respect to the percentage of the firm＇s outstanding shares held by directors （not independent） exists. With reference to the quantitative voluntary disclosure （QVD） index, there is a positive correlation with the number of employees, the dividend policy, the market floating, and the incidence of intangible assets. Moreover, such （quantitative） a disclosure is different depending on the industrial membership sector.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 51071181)the National Nature Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant No 2010FJ4034)
文摘In this paper,it is pointed out that the descriptions of alloy phase structures are dependent on structural unit sequence.In the systematic science of alloys(SSA),the alloy phase structures are described by means of the symmetry element sequence combining with characteristic atom sequence.It is named the characteristic atom arranging structure,which can display the characteristic atoms at the lattice sites and the micro-inhomogeneity,besides the symmetry.Each characteristic atom has its own characters:neighboring configuration,potential energy,volume and electronic structure.The micro-inhomogeneity of alloy phases can be described by concentrations and short-range ordered parameters of characteristic atoms.The differences between the electronic structures of alloy phases and electronic structures of characteristic atoms in the alloy phases are also discussed.
文摘The interaction of nanoparticles with proteins is extremely complex, important for understanding the biological properties of nanomaterials, but is very poorly understood. We have employed a combinatorial library of surface modified gold nanoparticles to interrogate the relationships between the nanoparticle surface chemistry and the specific and nonspecific binding to a common, important, and representative enzyme, acetylcholinesterase （ACHE）. We also used Bayesian neural networks to generate robust quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） models relating the nanoparticle surface to the AChE binding that also provided significant understanding into the molecular basis for these interactions. The results illustrate the insights that result from a synergistic blending of experimental combinatorial synthesis and biological testing of nanoparticles with quantitative computational methods and molecular modeling.
