金矿生产全流程控制系统设计与实现

针对金矿生产全流程(由含金原矿破碎筛分、磨矿、预浸、炭浸、除氰压滤和解析电解组成),以实现将含金原矿经金矿全流程自动转化为金泥,并将产品质量和产量、能耗和物耗控制在目标范围内为目的,提出了由回路控制、逻辑控制和监控组成的全流程控制方法,设计了由PLC控制系统软硬件平台和基于所提控制方法的控制软件,研发了由破碎筛分控制系统、磨矿控制系统、预浸控制系统、炭浸控制系统、除氰压滤控制系统和解析电解控制系统组成的全流程控制系统,成功应用于某金矿生产厂。长期运行结果表明,该系统实现了金矿生产全流程的安全稳定运行,可将生产全流程的各过程输出控制在工艺规定的目标值范围内,提高了金属回收率和金泥的品位与产量。

电气自动化技术在金矿生产中的应用研究

随着科学技术的进一步发展,众多的先进生产技术应运而生。同时经济的高速发展使得矿山企业间的竞争白热化,企业想要在激烈的竞争中占有优势,就必须在提高生产效率,节省生产成本上下功夫。因此,在矿山生产领域应用电气自动化技术是大势所趋。将电气自动化技术应用于矿山生产既能提高生产效率又能有效降低工人工作强度,减少安全事故的发生。本文基于电气自动化技术在金矿生产中的应用研究展开论述。

矿山机械电气自动化技术在金矿生产中的应用研究

机械设备是矿山生产的重要因素。当这些机器取代传统的生产模式时,必须充分应用电气自动化技术,充分发挥自动控制的优势,通过自动控制保持设备的最佳运行,以确保矿产作业的安全性和效率。本文研究了矿物电气自动化在金矿生产中的应用。

胶东金矿成矿规律和成矿模式研究

胶东采金历史悠久,从唐朝已经开始,已经连续了一千多年。目前,胶东是中国最大金矿生产地,是中国最大的金矿集中发育区,它以仅占全国陆地0.27%的面积,却在相当长时期内其黄金产量和储量均占全国的1/4以上。胶东大型金矿深部存在金矿第二富集带已经被钻探工程所证实(吕古贤,1997)。

浅析互联网+感知矿山安全监控系统

当前的矿产作业环节,虽说已经引入了信息技术以及科学技术,但是,各种不安全事故因素仍旧存在,使得安全事故频频发生。本文主要针对当下金矿安全监控系统运行中的不足之处进行分析,而后浅谈了互联网+感知矿山安全监控系统,此系统主要有三大架构,分别为数据库层、感知层和信息集成等,其中的关键点为感知层,具体内容可见下。

加快黄金发展步伐的几点思考

本文详细分析了黄金矿产地质勘查、矿山建设及金矿生产等阶段工作的特点及其相互关系，探索性地提出提前建矿，缩短探矿和建设周期的办矿方式，并就如何加快黄金发展步伐问题提出了几点思考。

An intelligent system for calculating the scale of rational,enlarged production of an underground non-ferrous metal mine

The enlarged production scale of underground non-ferrous metal mines is affected by many uncertain factors difficult to describe mathematically with any level of accuracy.The problem can be solved by a synthesis of artificial intelligence.Based on the analysis of the major factors affecting the scale of enlarged production,we first interpreted in detail the design principles and structure of the intelligent system.Secondly,we introduced an ANN subsystem.In order to ensure technological and scale efficien- cies of the training samples for ANN,we filtrated the samples with a DEA method.Finally,we trained the intelligent system,which was proved to be very efficient.

Multidisciplinary design optimization on production scale of underground metal mine

In order to ensure overall optimization of the underground metal mine production scale, multidisciplinary design optimization model of production scale which covers the subsystem objective function of income of production, safety and environmental impact in the underground metal mine was established by using multidisciplinary design optimization method. The coupling effects from various disciplines were fully considered, and adaptive mutative scale chaos immunization optimization algorithm was adopted to solve multidisciplinary design optimization model of underground metal mine production scale. Practical results show that multidisciplinary design optimization on production scale of an underground lead and zinc mine reflect the actual operating conditions more realistically, the production scale is about 1.25 Mt/a (Lead and zinc metal content of 160 000 t/a), the economic life is approximately 14 a, corresponding coefficient of production profits can be increased to 15.13%, safety factor can be increased to 5.4% and environmental impact coefficient can be reduced by 9.52%.

Biotech key to unlock mineral resources value

This work aims to describe the history of biometallurgy in China,introduce the development and application of biometallurgy technologies in exploitation of mineral resources,and identify the main challenges and future directions.Although the earliest biometallurgy activities in China were documented in 6th−7th century BC,fundamental research and biometallurgy applications started relatively late in this country.Rapid development,from phenotypic to genotypic characterization of biometallurgy microorganisms,as well as from theoretical to practical applications,has been made in China since the 1950s.The integrated applications of biometallurgy technology in copper,gold,and uranium extraction ensured China’s economic reserves of strategic mineral resources.Developing more efficient microorganisms and strengthening the micro-interface reactions will be an effective way to improve the biometallurgy efficiency.Biometallurgy technologies can also be adapted to recovery of valuable metal from marine minerals and e-wastes and environmental protection including carbon sequestration and heavy metal polluted soil/sediment bioremediation.

Effect of chloride ion on bacterial pre-oxidation of arsenic-containing gold concentrate

The bacterial pre-oxidation process of arsenic-containing gold concentrates and the bacterial activity under different chloride ion concentrations were studied by using a mixture of thermophilic strains TCJ domesticated in production.The experimental result shows that with different samples and leaching systems,the adaptability and Cl- tolerance of bacteria are different,and that appropriate chloride ion concentration is conductive to bacterial oxidation,while higher chloride ion concentration will inhibit the bacterial activity and affect the pre-oxidation performance.Under the present production conditions,TCJ can adapt to the changes of water quality in the source of water and its critical chloride ion tolerance value is 2.7 g/L.

Delineation of Haigou gold metallogenic province and its metallogenic prospection

Based on the accumulated data for the gold deposits in the central Jilin Province in recent years and our understanding of the gold metallogenic province,the Haigou gold metallogenic province is delineated and the denudation degree of gold deposits in this province is discussed. The potential and the ore-searching direction of the province are also considered. The Haigou gold metallogenic province occurs as an independent province with low denudation degree and high ore-producing potential. Regional fault belts and small basic intrusions are two ore-constrains and could serve as the ore-searching indictors in the province.

Stochastic optimization of mine production scheduling with uncertain ore/metal/waste supply

Optimization of long-term mine production scheduling in open pit mines deals with the management of cash flows, typically in the order of hundreds of millions of dollars. Conventional mine scheduling utilizes optimization methods that are not capable of accounting for inherent technical uncertainties such as uncertainty in the expected ore/metal supply from the underground, acknowledged to be the most critical factor. To integrate ore/metal uncertainty into the optimization of mine production scheduling a stochastic integer programming(SIP) formulation is tested at a copper deposit. The stochastic solution maximizes the economic value of a project and minimizes deviations from production targets in the presence of ore/metal uncertainty. Unlike the conventional approach, the SIP model accounts and manages risk in ore supply, leading to a mine production schedule with a 29% higher net present value than the schedule obtained from the conventional, industry-standard optimization approach, thus contributing to improving the management and sustainable utilization of mineral resources.

An ecological risk assessment for heavy metals of the lead-zinc ore tailings

The structure of Pb,Zn,Cu and Cd in lead zinc ore tailing soils in Yongzhou,Hunan is analyzed by the optimized BCR sequential extraction procedure.The content and proportion of heavy metals of the mine are measured.Meanwhile,the ecological risks are evaluated with the Lars Hakanson＇s potential ecological risk exponential method.The analysis shows that the content of heavy metals is very high,reaching the level of serious pollution.The order of metal pollution degrees are Cd〉Pb〉Cu〉Zn.On the other hand,it is very possible that the heavy metals may combine together as compounds or cling to the crystal form of clay.Since the form of soluble acid and free metals are very little,it is not an easy job for metal elating or restoration of plants.Yet it is possible to take out those heavy metals adopting the chemical extraction technology.DTPA and EDTA,indicated by a research,both have iterative value and strong conformity effect.So they are effective elutriants to restore the polluted soil.A chemical extraction method is put forward in this paper.

Optimization of shearer sliding boots by plasma cladding with Cr_4MnTi

Severe production conditions in coal mines cause damage and failure problems with the oriented sliding boots of the mechanical shearer. Wear has been an especially vexing problem. Plasma cladding methods were used to study optimized sliding boot design. By cladding the substrate steel the surface may be made of a material more resistant to wear. The iron based alloy Cr4MnTi was coated onto a modified 45 steel matrix material in these tests. The results show that the alloy cladding layer is high strength, has high hardness, and is highly resistant to wear. After hardening and tempering, 45 steel substrate has great tenacity so the combined structure meets the performance requirements for the construction of shearer sliding boots.

Peak Metals, Minerals, Energy, Wealth, Food and Population： Urgent Policy Considerations for a Sustainable Society

Several strategic metals, elements and energy resources are about to run into scarcity in the near future under the present paradigm of use. A global systems model has been developed （WORLD） to assess the issue of scarcity and its implications for society. We show that scarcity may lead to ＂peak wealth＂, ＂peak population＂, ＂peak waste＂ and ＂peak civilization＂, unless urgent counter-measures are systematically undertaken. Materials that underpin modern society may become unavailable for global mass production of goods. The material volumes that can be supplied from fossil reserves will be reduced with respect to today and resources will go up in price. The future resource supply is unsustainable without comprehensive recycling. The creation of wealth from conversion of resources and work, as well as the current extensive borrowing from the future, cause concerns that peaking energy and materials production may lead to ＂peak wealth＂ and the end of the golden age we live in. Our policy recommendations are that governments must take this issue seriously and must immediately start preparing legislations to close material cycles, optimize energy use and minimize irreversible material losses. Research efforts need to be based on systems thinking and a concerted effort is needed.