市政府办公厅关于加强建筑业施工企业民工工资保障金统一管理的通知

各区县人民政府,市府各委办局,市各直属单位:为切实加强建筑业施工企业民工工资保障金的统一管理,减轻施工企业的负担,根据市政府办公厅关于转发市清欠办《南京市建筑业施工企业民工工资保障金管理办法(暂行)》(宁政办发[2006]51号)。

Chrysosplenium fallax Koldaeva(Chrysosplenium),a newly recorded species from China

Chrysosplenium fallax Koldaeva,recently discovered and collected in Yanji,Jilin Province,repre-sents a newly recorded species of Saxifragaceae in China.This species,native to the Russian Far East,was first described as a new species in 2021.Based on precise field investigations and specimen examination,we provide a comprehensive description of C.fallax and its seed micromorphology.Phylogenetic analysis based on chloroplast genomes of 45 Chrysosplenium species confirmed the systematic position of C.fallax in Chrysosplenium.Voucher specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of South-Central Minzu University(HSN).

Influences of electric-hydraulic chattering on backward extrusion process of 6061 aluminum alloy

The possibility of the electric-hydraulic chattering technology and its application in the cold extrusion were presented.The conventional and electric-hydraulic chattering assisted backward extrusion processes were performed on 6061 aluminum alloy billets at room temperature.The experimental results showed that 5.65% reduction in the extrusion load was attained if the die and ejector were vibrated at a frequency of 100 Hz and amplitude of 0.013 mm in the longitudinal direction.The friction coefficient at the billet and tool system interface determined from the finite element analysis（FEA） decreased from 0.2 without chattering to 0.1 with application of electric-hydraulic chattering.The higher values of instantaneous velocity and direction change of material flow were achieved during the chattering assisted backward extrusion process.The strain distribution of the chattering assisted backward extrusion billet revealed lower maximum strain and smoother strain distribution in comparison with that produced by the conventional extrusion method.

Alloy gene Gibbs energy partition function and equilibrium holographic network phase diagrams of Au_3Cu-type sublattice system

Taking Au3Cu-type sublattice system as an example, three discoveries have been presented. First, the fourth barrier to hinder the progress of metal materials science is that today’s researchers do not understand that the Gibbs energy function of an alloy phase should be derived from Gibbs energy partition function constructed of alloy gene sequence and their Gibbs energy sequence. Second, the six rules for establishing alloy gene Gibbs energy partition function have been discovered, and it has been specially proved that the probabilities of structure units occupied at the Gibbs energy levels in the degeneracy factor for calculating configuration entropy should be degenerated as ones of component atoms occupied at the lattice points. Third, the main characteristics unexpected by today’s researchers are as follows. There exists a single-phase boundary curve without two-phase region coexisting by the ordered and disordered phases. The composition and temperature of the top point on the phase-boundary curve are far away from those of the critical point of the Au3Cu compound; At 0 K, the composition of the lowest point on the composition-dependent Gibbs energy curve is notably deviated from that of the Au3Cu compounds. The theoretical limit composition range of long range ordered Au3Cu-type alloys is determined by the first jumping order degree.

Alloy gene Gibbs energy partition function and equilibrium holographic network phase diagrams of AuCu_3-type sublattice system

Taking AuCu3-type sublattice system as an example, three discoveries have been presented: First, the third barrier hindering the progress in metal materials science is that researchers have got used to recognizing experimental phenomena of alloy phase transitions during extremely slow variation in temperature by equilibrium thinking mode and then taking erroneous knowledge of experimental phenomena as selected information for establishing Gibbs energy function and so-called equilibrium phase diagram. Second, the equilibrium holographic network phase diagrams of AuCu3-type sublattice system may be used to describe systematic correlativity of the composition?temperature-dependent alloy gene arranging structures and complete thermodynamic properties, and to be a standard for studying experimental subequilibrium order-disorder transition. Third, the equilibrium transition of each alloy is a homogeneous single-phase rather than a heterogeneous two-phase, and there exists a single-phase boundary curve without two-phase region of the ordered and disordered phases; the composition and temperature of the top point on the phase-boundary curve are far away from the ones of the critical point of the AuCu3 compound.

Source and hazard identification of heavy metals in soils of Changsha based on TIN model and direct exposure method

A total of 153 soil samples were collected from Changsha City, China, to analyze the contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. A combination of sampling data, multivariate statistical method, geostatistical analysis, direct exposure method and triangulated irregular network （TIN） model was successfully employed to discriminate sources, simulate spatial distributions and evaluate children＇s health risks of heavy metals in soils. The results show that not all sites in Changsha city may be suitable for living without remediation. About 9.0% of the study area provided a hazard index （HI）1.0, and 1.9% had an HI2.0. Most high HIs were located in the southern and western areas. The element of arsenic and the pathway of soil ingestion were the largest contribution to potential health risks for children. This study indicates that we should attach great importance to the direct soil heavy metals exposure for children＇s health.

Holographic alloy positioning design system and holographic network phase diagrams of Au-Cu system

Taking Au?Cu system as an example, three discoveries and two methods were presented. First, a new way for boosting sustainable progress of systematic metal materials science (SMMS) and alloy gene engineering (AGE) is to establish holographic alloy positioning design (HAPD) system, of which the base consists of measurement and calculation center, SMMS center, AGE center, HAPD information center and HAPD cybernation center; Second, the resonance activating-sychro alternating mechanism of atom movement may be divided into the located and oriented diffuse modes; Third, the equilibrium and subequilibrium holographic network phase diagrams are blueprints and operable platform for researchers to discover, design, manufacture and deploy advanced alloys, which are obtained respectively by the equilibrium lever numerical method and cross point numerical method of isothermal Gibbs energy curves. As clicking each network point, the holographic information of three structure levels for the designed alloy may be readily obtained: the phase constitution and fraction, phase arranging structure and properties of organization; the composition, alloy gene arranging structure and properties of each phase and the electronic structures and properties of alloy genes. It will create a new era for network designing advanced alloys.

Rapid Manufacturing of Metal Parts

As a key technology of rapid prototyping and manufacturing (RP&M), rapid manufacturing of metal parts is a target of RP&M. Introducing selective laser sintering (SLS), an important branch of RP&M, this paper gives a new method oriented on low power SLS system to fabricate metal parts. With this kind of technology, the mixture of metal and polymer powder is sintered first to get green part, then, after debinding and metal infiltration, dense parts are gotten. In the end, influencing factors of this technology are analyzed. At the same time, some applications are given.

Phylogeny in Chloranthus Swartz (Chloranthaceae) Inferred from Sequence Analysis of nrDNA ITS Region

The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA from ten species of Chloranthus Swartz and two outgroup species of Sarcandra Gardn. were sequenced. The regions ranged in length from 654 to 663 bp, with ITS1 (285-290 bp) slightly longer than ITS2 (205-211 bp). Of the 669 aligned positions, 109 sites (56 in ITS1, 52 in ITS2, and one in 5.8S region) were phylogenetically informative. Only one most parsimonious tree of 252 steps was obtained in PAUP analysis when gaps were treated as the fifth state. The traditional division of Chloranthus on the basis of habit seems to be quite unnatural. Evidence from the sequence of ITS region, just as that from cytology and anatomy, strongly suggested the separation of the genus into two groups according to the characteristics of androecial organs: one contains C. angustifolius, C. nervosus, C. japonicus and C. fortunei, and the other comprises the remaining species.

Relationship between partial and average atomic volumes of components in Au-Ni alloys

In the framework of systematic science of alloys,the average molar property（volume and potential energy） functions of disordered alloys were established.From these functions,the average molar property functions,partial molar property functions,derivative functions with respect to composition,general equation of relationship between partial and average molar properties of components,difference equation and constraining equation of different values between partial and average molar properties,as well as general Gibbs-Duhem formula were derived.It was proved that the partial molar properties calculated from various combinative functions of average molar properties of alloys are equal,but in general,the partial molar properties are not equal to the average molar properties of a given component.This means that the partial molar properties cannot represent the corresponding properties of the component.All the equations and functions established in this work were proved to be correct by calculating the results of partial and average atomic volumes of components as well as average atomic volumes of alloys in the Au-Ni system.

STEADY HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS AND PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION FOR MULTILAYER THERMAL INSULATIONS

The energy equilibrium equation and discrete ordinate methods are combined to establish the one-dimensional steady heat transfer mathematical model of multi-layer thermal insulations （MTIs） in metallic thermal protection systems. The inverse problem of heat transfer is solved by the genetic algorithm and data from the steady heat transfer experiment of fibrous thermal insulations. The density radiation attenuation coefficient, the albedo of fibrous thermal insulations and the surface emissivity of reflective screens are optimized. Finally, the one-dimensional steady heat transfer model of MTIs with optimized thermal physical parameters is verified by experimental data of the effective MTI conductivity.

An Analysis of the Structure of Carbide-tool Utilization Expert System

The necessity and feasibility of an expert system for carbide-tool utilization are analyzed and a practical system named CUES(carbide-tool utilization expert system ) is developed and realized. The system concept, module structure, data management, inference strategy and the interface design of the system are discussed in.detail. The system would be useful not only for the preparation of tool bank of FMS or CIMS, but the for the proper application of cemented carbide tools in conventional machining Processes.

Fund budget model for multipurpose transit smart card systems

The fund budget of multipurpose transit smart card systems is studied by stochastic programming to assign limited funds to different applications reasonably. Under the constraints of a gross fund, models of chance-constrained and dependentchance for the fund budget of multipurpose transit smart card systems are established with application scale and social demand as random variables, respectively aiming to maximize earnings and satisfy the service requirements the furthest; and the genetic algorithm based on stochastic simulation is adopted for model solution. The calculation results show that the fund budget differs greatly with different system objectives which can cause the systems to have distinct expansibilities, and the application scales of some applications may not satisfy user demands with limited funds. The analysis results indicate that the forecast of application scales and application future demands should be done first, and then the system objective is determined according to the system mission, which can help reduce the risks of fund budgets.

眼睛向下 奖罚并举——海门县用硬着子清理乡镇企业三项资金占用

今年,海门县乡镇企业生产资金缺口较大,但与此同时,到今年六月底,该县乡镇企业三项资金(应收款、发出商品、产成品)占用累计已达32230万元,比去年同期增加613万元,占全部流动资金的61.4％。对此,该县制定了五条硬措施,清理、压缩三项资金占用。 1、六个月以上,两年以内的三项资金,从第七月起,每月按5％报损,冲减当月利润,列企业营业外支出,累计报损达95％后,剩余5％留在帐上。

要防止扶贫“降温”

这篇文章提出了一个重要问题,要稳定地解决贫困地区人民的温饱,稳定地解决贫困户的收入来源,现在还没有大功告成。但是,在少数地方,扶贫出现了降温的情况,原因是什么,怎么来解决和认识这个问题,请大家读一读这篇文章。

金代固原地区的政治经济形势

金太宗完颜晟天会九年(公元1131年),到金哀宗完颜守绪正大四年(公元1227,年)蒙古成吉思汗驻兵六盘山,在这整整96年间,固原地区沦陷于金地,成为金国的版籍。也是金与西夏接壤地区,少不了的摩擦和战争,使这块土地倍受威胁和遭害。本文试图引用有关史志资料,粗略地描绘金统治下的固原地区的政治经济形势。

Improvement of Copper-inducible Gene Expression System for Plant

The copper-regulated gene expression system has been developed to control spacial and temporal expression of transgene in plant. It comprises two parts: (1) ace I gene encoding copper-responsive transcription factor under the control of a constitutive or organ-specific promoter, and (2) a gene of interest under the control of a chimeric promoter consisting of the CaMV 35S (-90 to +8) promoter linked to the metal responsive element (MRE) carrying activating copper-metallothionein expression (ACE1)-binding sites. Here, the effectiveness of two different ACE1-binding cis -elements which derive from 5'-regulatory region of yeast metallothionein gene was investigated in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. W38). The results revealed that the MRE (-210 to -126) could increase the system inducibility by 50% - 100% compared with the previously reported MRE (-148 to -105). It is potential to use the copper-inducible system to control valuable gene traits in plant biotechnology.

Undercooling and Solidification of Sn-Pb Alloy Droplets Prepared by Uniform Droplet Spray

The undercooling and solidification of 150 μm and 185 μm droplets of Sn 5%Pb alloy prepared by the uniform droplet spray (UDS) process have been investigated. The enthalpy of the droplet has been measured by non adiabatic calorimetric method as a function of the flight distance. A droplet solidification simulation model has been used to compare with the experimental data. The results show that the enthalpy released by the droplets in the calorimeter is 11.88 J/g and 22.29 J/g less than the simulated values up to a certain flight distance at 0.485 m and 0.460 m for 150 μm and 185 μm droplets respectively, but agrees with the expected values at larger distance. The nucleation of the droplets takes place at the distance where the experimental and simulated enthalpy values agree. The droplets quenched before nucleation solidify into metastable supersaturated solid solution and have large undercooling. The formation of the metastable structure in the droplets has been verified metallographically and by calculations based on a thermodynamic model.

Preliminary Study on Biological Characteristics of Degraded Soil Ecosystems in Dry Hot Valley of the Jinsha River

Distribution characteristics of soil animals, microorganisms and enzymatic activity were studied in the dry red soil and Vertisol ecosystems with different degradation degrees in the Yuanmou dry hot valley of the Jinsha River, China. Results showed that Hymenoptera, Araneae and Collembola were the dominant groups of soil animals in the plots studied. The numbers of groups and individuals and density of soil animals in the dry red soil series were higher than those in the Vertisol series, and the numbers of individuals and density of soil animals decreased with the degree of soil degradation. Bacteria dominated microbiocoenosis not only in the dry red soils but also in the Vertisols. Microbial numbers of the dry red soil series were higher than those of Vertisol series, and decreased with the degree of soil degradation. The activities of catalase, invertase, urease and alkaline phosphatase declined with the degradation degree and showed a significant decline with depth in the profiles of both the dry red soils and the Vertisols, but activities of polyphenol oxidase and acid and neutral phosphatase showed the same tendencies only in the Vertisols. It was concluded that the characteristics of soil animals, microorganisms and enzymatic activity could be used as the bio-indicators to show the degradation degree of the dry red soils and Vertisols. Correlation among these soil bio-indicators was highly significant.

AN EXPERT SYSTEM ON ASSESSING ROCKBURST RISKS FOR SOUTH AFRICAN DEEP GOLD MINES

Expert systems are methods that can cope with rock engineer’s expertise effectively.An expert system on assessing rockburst risks for South African deep gold mines is described.Expertise was represented by rules, frames and mathematical models integratively. About 950 rules was built in the knowledge base, which can be learned by the suggested learning algorithm. A new uncertain reasoning algorithm was proposed. According to the features such as depth below surface, energy release rate (ERR), excess shear stress (ESS), geological structure, face angle with structure, distance from structure, extent of mining, mining type, width of bracket pillar, stope width, local support, regional support and gully support, rockburst risk is assessed either "Low", "Moderate", "High" or "Severe". A computer program system was developed by Turbo Prolog. The results of testing cases show its applicability of the system.