Functional dyspepsia is a common clinical condition characterised by chronic or recurrent upper abdominal pain or discomfort commonly associated with a variety of associated gastrointestinal symptoms and a normal endo...Functional dyspepsia is a common clinical condition characterised by chronic or recurrent upper abdominal pain or discomfort commonly associated with a variety of associated gastrointestinal symptoms and a normal endoscopy. To standardise research-based approaches, an initial categorisation of into sub groups was agreed to, based on clusters of symptoms. However the early expectation that these subgroups would be associated with distinct pathophysiologies amenable to specific therapy has not been realised. A classification based on the most troublesome symptom has been suggested but the utility of this is also unclear. More recent data suggest that some of the pathophysiologic dysfunctions may be associated with specific symptoms and so provide a better tool for grouping patients. But this approach remains incomplete as current insights into the pathogenesis are still too limited for this to be satisfactory. In conclusion, no classification provides for an adequate treatment-based approach to the syndrome of functional dyspepsia. As a consequence treatment remains largely empiric.展开更多
Introduction Rhabdoid meningioma （RM） is a special type of meningioma, The pathologic features of RM include sheets of rhabdoid tumor cells with or without the findings typical of conventional meningiomas. Since the...Introduction Rhabdoid meningioma （RM） is a special type of meningioma, The pathologic features of RM include sheets of rhabdoid tumor cells with or without the findings typical of conventional meningiomas. Since the disease is rare, and the histologic structure similar to that of other tumors, misdiagnosis and failure to include the entity in the differentiation can occur from time to time. In this article, the pathologic features and immunophenotype of RM are analyzed, in combination with analysis of a case treated at our institution and a review of the literature.展开更多
Objective: To improve the qualitative diagnosis of peripheral nerve sheath tumors by computed tomography (CT). Methods: CT findings of 64 cases of pathologically confirmed nerve sheath tumors were compared with the pa...Objective: To improve the qualitative diagnosis of peripheral nerve sheath tumors by computed tomography (CT). Methods: CT findings of 64 cases of pathologically confirmed nerve sheath tumors were compared with the pathological findings of the tumors. Results: Low density of the tumors shown in plain CT images was related to dominating reticular structure in the tumor as found pathologically. Tumors with intact capsule found by pathological findings were shown with smooth margin in CT images. Inhomogeneous density and enhancement of the tumors in CT images was related to tumor necrosis, liquefaction and cystic degeneration, and inhomogeneous enhancement also involved the reticular structure. Conclusion: Nerve sheath tumors are characterized by distribution along the nerves, lower density than that of muscles in plain CT images, and inhomogeneous enhancement in enhanced CT, which can help differentiate nerve sheath tumors from other soft tissue tumors. When nerve sheath tumors lack distinctive CT features, the diagnoses have to depend on their pathological findings.展开更多
文摘Functional dyspepsia is a common clinical condition characterised by chronic or recurrent upper abdominal pain or discomfort commonly associated with a variety of associated gastrointestinal symptoms and a normal endoscopy. To standardise research-based approaches, an initial categorisation of into sub groups was agreed to, based on clusters of symptoms. However the early expectation that these subgroups would be associated with distinct pathophysiologies amenable to specific therapy has not been realised. A classification based on the most troublesome symptom has been suggested but the utility of this is also unclear. More recent data suggest that some of the pathophysiologic dysfunctions may be associated with specific symptoms and so provide a better tool for grouping patients. But this approach remains incomplete as current insights into the pathogenesis are still too limited for this to be satisfactory. In conclusion, no classification provides for an adequate treatment-based approach to the syndrome of functional dyspepsia. As a consequence treatment remains largely empiric.
文摘Introduction Rhabdoid meningioma （RM） is a special type of meningioma, The pathologic features of RM include sheets of rhabdoid tumor cells with or without the findings typical of conventional meningiomas. Since the disease is rare, and the histologic structure similar to that of other tumors, misdiagnosis and failure to include the entity in the differentiation can occur from time to time. In this article, the pathologic features and immunophenotype of RM are analyzed, in combination with analysis of a case treated at our institution and a review of the literature.
文摘Objective: To improve the qualitative diagnosis of peripheral nerve sheath tumors by computed tomography (CT). Methods: CT findings of 64 cases of pathologically confirmed nerve sheath tumors were compared with the pathological findings of the tumors. Results: Low density of the tumors shown in plain CT images was related to dominating reticular structure in the tumor as found pathologically. Tumors with intact capsule found by pathological findings were shown with smooth margin in CT images. Inhomogeneous density and enhancement of the tumors in CT images was related to tumor necrosis, liquefaction and cystic degeneration, and inhomogeneous enhancement also involved the reticular structure. Conclusion: Nerve sheath tumors are characterized by distribution along the nerves, lower density than that of muscles in plain CT images, and inhomogeneous enhancement in enhanced CT, which can help differentiate nerve sheath tumors from other soft tissue tumors. When nerve sheath tumors lack distinctive CT features, the diagnoses have to depend on their pathological findings.
