钢筋砼偏心受压构件承载力鉴定系数研究

《民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准》(GB50292-1999)构件的安全性按承载能力评定时,采用抗力与作用效应之比作为承载力鉴定系数,并由此进行评级。但对于偏心受压构件,由于抗力项中弯矩与轴力是相关的,不是单一的指标,从而导致鉴定系数的确定存在困难。本文根据偏压构件Nu-Mu承载力包络曲线理论,推导了对称配筋情况下的非抗震和抗震时的相关公式,并提出了鉴定系数的一种表达方式。最后,本文将该方法应用于工程实例,并得出了一些有益结论供参考。

既有结构不同后续使用年限鉴定分级系数的求解

基于结构构件承载能力分级原则,求解出既有结构与新建结构不同后续使用年限鉴定分级系数。首先,根据既有结构与新建结构抗力数理模型的不同,归纳整理出对应的抗力统计参数;其次,根据荷载标准值调整前后的不同,求解出设计基准期下对应的鉴定分级系数;再次,依据后续使用年限调整系数与统计参数的不同,计算出现行规范条件下不同后续使用年限对应的鉴定分级系数。最后,加入考虑抗力衰减因素,对比得出鉴定分级系数的安全富余程度,为将来实际鉴定工作提供参考和借鉴。

车速鉴定中轮胎-路面附着系数估算方法研究

在交通事故鉴定中,车辆行驶速度是事故处理和诉讼的重要依据。其中,路面附着系数是事故车速鉴定的重要参数。本文在大量实验数据基础上,拟合出车辆制动过程的特性曲线,并简化出相应的车速估算模型。利用此模型对不同车型、路面类型、湿滑状况和不同车速情况下的路面附着系数e进行了估算研究。经估算实例验证,文中的估算方法对不同状况下的路面附着系数具有较好的估算能力。

某单层厂房排架柱承载力鉴定

本文以具体工程为例,介绍单层厂房排架柱承载力鉴定方法。针对A类建筑,通过修改地震分组实现对特征周期的调整;同时结合抗震鉴定承载力调整系数,采用等强代换法对混凝土排架柱配筋进行验算和分析。为同类结构的承载力鉴定提供一定的参考和指导。

混凝土简支梁桥承载能力自动评估系统的开发

针对现有及新建桥梁需要快速准确地评估其承载能力与技术状况这一急待解决的问题 ,开发了桥梁承载能力自动评估系统 。

现有公路桥梁承载力的分析与评定

现有公路桥梁承载力的分析与评定是当前工程界非常重视的问题。文章通过桥梁的静、 动载试验研究，结合桥梁的实际工作状态，全面地分析桥梁的挠度、刚度、抗裂性，准确评定桥梁 的现有承载力，这对于公路桥梁的综合评定具有一定的实用价值。

Structural damage identification using test static data based on grey system theory

A new structural damage identification method using limited test static displacement based on grey system theory is proposed in this paper. The grey relation coefficient of displacement curvature is defined and used to locate damage in the structure, and an iterative estimation scheme for solving nonlinear optimization programming problems based on the quadratic programming technique is used to identify the damage magnitude. A numerical example of a cantilever beam with single or multiple damages is used to examine the capability of the proposed grey-theory-based method to localize and identify damages. The factors of meas-urement noise and incomplete test data are also discussed. The numerical results showed that the damage in the structure can be localized correctly through using the grey-related coefficient of displacement curvature, and the damage magnitude can be iden-tified with a high degree of accuracy, regardless of the number of measured displacement nodes. This proposed method only requires limited static test data, which is easily available in practice, and has wide applications in structural damage detection.

An Integrated Approach to Oscillation Propagation Identification and Source Locating in Process Multi-loop Systems

An integrated method for identifying the propagation of multi-loop process oscillations and their source location is proposed in this paper. Oscillatory process loop variables are automatically selected based on the component-related ratio index and a mixing matrix, both of which are obtained in data preprocessing by spectral independent component analysis. The complex causality among oscillatory process variables is then revealed by Granger causality test and is visualized in the form of causality diagram. The simplification of causal connectivity in the diagram is performed according to the understanding of process knowledge and the final simplest causality diagram, which represents the main oscillation propagation paths, is achieved by the automated cutting-off thresh-old search, with which less significant causality pathways are filtered out. The source of the oscillation disturbance can be identified intuitively through the final causality diagram. Both simulated and real plant data tests are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

Identification of Major Sources of PM2.5 in St. Louis Missouri USA

The objective of this study is to examine the use of the conditional probability function(CPF) and nonparametric regression(NPR) to identify the relationship between wind direction and concentration of PM2.5(particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm). Twenty four-hour integrated PM2.5 mass and species concentrations were measured at the St. Louis-Midwest Supersite in East St. Louis,Illinois,USA in the periods of 22-28 June 2001,7-13 November 2001,and 19-25 March 2002. Wind directions were measured on site. The concentrations of 15 elements and ions,i.e. Al,As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Fe,Mn,Ni,Pb,Se,Zn,OC,EC,SO4,and NO3 were calculated using the CPF and NPR. The comparison between the results obtained from the CPF and NPR demonstrated that they both agreed well with the locations of the known local point sources. The CPF was simpler and easier to calculate than NPR. In contrast,NPR provided PM2.5 concentrations but with some uncertainties. This study indicates that both methods can be utilized to promote the source apportionment study of ambient PM2.5.

Data-based model free hysteresis identification for a nonlinear structure

In the last two decades, the damage detection for civil engineering structures has been widely treated as a modal analysis problem and most of the currently available vibration-based system identification approaches are based on modal parameters, namely the natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios, and/or their derivations, which are suitable for linear systems. Nonlinearity is generic in engineering structures. For example, the initiation and development of cracks in civil engineering structures as typical structural damages are nonlinear process. One of the major challenges in damage detection, early warning and damage prognosis is to obtain reasonably accurate identification of nonlinear performance such as hysteresis which is the direct indicator of damage initiation and development under dynamic excitations. In this study, a general data-based identification approach for hysteretic performance in form of nonlinear restoring force using structural dynamic responses and complete and incomplete excitation measurement time series was proposed and validated with a 4-story frame structure equipped with smart devices of magneto-theological （MR） damper to simulate nonlinear performance. Firstly, as an optimization method, the least-squares technique was employed to identify the system matrices of an equivalent linear system of the nonlinear structure model basing on the exci- tation force and the corresponding vibration measurements with impact test when complete and incomplete excitations; and secondly, the nonlinear restoring force of the structure was identified and compared with the test measurements fi- nally. Results show that the proposed data-based approach is capable of identifying the nonlinear behavior of engineering structures and can be employed to evaluate the damage initiation and development of different structure under dynamic loads.

Parameter identification through mode isolation for reaction-diffusion systems on arbitrary geometries

We present a computational framework for isolating spatial patterns arising in the steady states of reaction-diffusion systems. Such systems have been used to model many nat- ural phenomena in areas such as developmental and cancer biology, cell motility and material science. In many of these applications, often one is interested in identifying parameters which will lead to a particular pattern for a given reaction-diffusion model. To attempt to answer this, we compute eigenpairs of the Laplacian on a variety of domains and use linear stability analysis to determine parameter values for the system that will lead to spatially inhomogeneous steady states whose patterns correspond to particular eigenfunctions. This method has previously been used on domains and surfaces where the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are found analytically in closed form. Our contribution to this methodology is that we numerically compute eigenpairs on arbitrary domains and surfaces. Here we present examples and demonstrate that mode isolation is straightforward especially for low eigenvalues. Additionally, we show that in some cases the inhomogeneous steady state can be a linear combination of eigenfunctions. Finally,we show an example suggesting that pattern formation is robust on similar surfaces in cases that the surface either has or does not have a boundary.