Congregated electron phase and Wagner model applied in titanium distribution behavior in low-titanium slag

For studying the carbon thermal reduction rules of titanium in hot metal and providing a theoretical basis for the blast furnace（BF） hearth protection, the distribution behavior of titanium between low-titanium slag system of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-TiO2 and hot metal was studied using analytical reagents in a temperature range from 1350 °C to 1600 °C. Through high temperature melting, rapid quenching, chemical analysis and thermodynamic model calculating, the results showed that the increase of reaction temperature, which improved the titanium distribution L（Ti） and lowered the system activity coefficient γsys, leads to the rise of equilibrium constant. Combined with Wagner and congregated electron phase models, the data obtained in distribution experiments were used to fit out the Gibbs free energy formula of titanium carbothermic reduction. Finally, the relations between the contents of Si and Ti in hot metal and the titanium load to reach the minimum w（Ti） for the formation of Ti C were given.

Catalytic synthesis of acetals and ketals with H3PW6Mo6O40/TiO2

A new environmental friendly catalyst, H3PW6Mo6O40/TiO2 was prepared. The optimum conditions have been found, that is, mass ratio of m （TiO2）： m （H3PW6Mo6O40） is 1：2.0, volume of water is 30 mL, the reflux reaction time is 2 h, and activated temperature is 150 ℃. H3PW6Mo6O40/TiO2 was used as catalyst in catalytic synthesis ofacetals and ketals. Effects ofn （aldehyde（ketone））： n （glycol）, catalyst dosage and reaction time on yield were investigated. Optimal conditions were： n（aldehyde （ketone））： n （glycol）=1.0 ： 1.4; mass fraction of catalyst to reactants, 0.8%; reaction time, 1.0 h and cyclohexane as water-stripped reagent, 10 mL. Under these conditions, yields of acetals and ketals can reach 53.0% -86.9 0%

Ti活度对Al_2O_3/Ag-Cu-Ti/Fe-Ni-Co钎焊接头力学性能和微观组织结构的影响（英文）

采用Ag Cu Ti钎料实现了Al_2O_3陶瓷与Fe-Co-Ni合金的钎焊连接,并调查了不同钛含量的钎料对Al_2O_3/Ag-Cu-Ti/Fe-Ni-Co钎焊接头机械性能和微观组织结构的影响。利用扫描电镜(SEM),X射线能量谱仪(EDS),X射线衍射仪(XRD)及电子万能试验机研究了钎焊接头的力学性能和微观组织结构。结果表明,钛含量的增加明显提高Ag-Cu-Ti钎料与Al_2O_3陶瓷的相互作用,在Al_2O_3/Ag-Cu-Ti界面生成一层由Ti-Al和Ti-O化合物组成的反应层。Al_2O_3/Ag-Cu-Ti/Fe-Ni-Co钎焊接头的抗拉强度随钛含量的增加而增加,当钛含量提高到8%(质量分数)时,抗拉强度达到最大值78 MPa。通过微观组织结构分析发现,采用AgCu4Ti在890℃保温5 min的条件下可以获得较好的钎焊接头,典型接头的微观组织结构为Al_2O_3/TiAl+Ti_3O_5/NiTi+Cu_3Ti+Ag(s,s)/Ag(s,s)+Cu(s,s)+(Cu,Ni)/Fe-Ni-Co。采用Ag-Cu-8Ti获得的钎焊接头的界面反应层与Ag-Cu-4Ti差异不大,但反应层稍微增厚,并伴有TiO和Ti_3Al在Al_2O_3/Ag-Cu-Ti界面生成。

Photoactivity of titanium dioxide/carbon felt composites prepared with the assistance of supercritical carbon dioxide: Effects of calcination temperature and supercritical conditions

TiO2-coated carbon felt(TCF)composite catalysts have been prepared via a supercritical treatment of titanium tetraisopropoxide(TTIP)as the precursor.The physical properties of the catalysts were characterized by means of thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis(TG–DTA),X-ray diffraction(XRD),fluorescence spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy (SEM),and BET surface areas techniques.The photocatalytic activities of the materials were evaluated using the degradation of Congo red(CR)as a probe reaction.All the composites showed much higher photocatalytic activity than commercial P25 due to significant synergistic effects.Reused TCF retained high photocatalytic activity for degradation of CR.The photocatalytic efficiency in CR degradation was found to be strongly dependent on the TiO2-coating ratio and calcination temperature.A possible mechanism for the enhanced reactivity involves shuttling of electrons from TiO2 particles to the carbon felt(CF)as a result of an optimal arrangement in TCF that stabilizes charge separation and reduces charge recombination.In addition to the significant synergistic effects,the abundant spaces between adjacent carbon fibers allow UV light to penetrate into the felt-like photocatalyst to a considerable depth,so that a three-dimensional environment is available for the photocatalytic reaction.