氮化铝陶瓷表面钛金属化的研究

利用熔盐热歧化反应在氮化铝陶瓷表面上成功地进行了钛金属化,成功地在氮化铝陶瓷表面上制备了钛金属化膜。还研究了温度、反应物浓度、反应时间对钛金属化膜厚度的影响。研究了金属膜的组成及界面反应机理和界面层的显微结构。研究发现,在热歧化反应沉积钛金属膜的过程中,沉积到AlN陶瓷表面的钛金属与AlN发生反应生成TiN_(0.3)、TiN和Ti_9Al_(23)。

熔盐法C_f/SiC复合材料表面钛金属化研究(英文)

为了实现Cf/SiC复合材料与难熔金属的连接,通过熔盐法在Cf/SiC复合材料表面沉积钛金属层。用SEM和EDS研究金属化层的形貌及成分;用X射线衍射分析金属化层的相组织;用定量金相法测量钎焊料的铺展特性。研究表明:钛金属化层均匀致密,与基体结合紧密,钛金属可渗入纤维间孔隙,比较完整地包覆在Cf/SiC复合材料外表面。金属化层主要成分为TiC、Ti5Si3。金属化层与SiC界面分为3层,由内到外主要成分为Ti5Si3、TiC和Ti5Si3。表面金属化后的Cf/SiC复合材料与钛合金钎焊料润湿性明显改善,润湿角从153.9o降低为13.2o。

AlN陶瓷表面钛金属化沉积的动力学研究

利用融盐热歧化反应进行了氮化铝陶瓷表面钛金属化沉积的动力学研究。结果表明 ,氮化铝陶瓷表面钛膜的厚度随着反应温度和反应时间的增加而增加 ,膜的厚度与反应时间成很好的线性关系 ,沉积速率与融盐中K2 TiF6的起始浓度成线性关系 ,沉积过程是受融盐与氮化铝陶瓷基体之间的界面反应控制。其沉积过程的活化能为 130kJ/mol。

AlN陶瓷表面钛金属化反应机理及微观结构

通过X射线衍射分析和扫描电镜观察研究了利用融盐热歧化反应法在氮化铝陶瓷表面生成的钛金属化复合膜的组成、金属化膜与氮化铝陶瓷基体之间的界面反应及界面层的显微结构。研究发现,钛金属化膜非常均匀致密,膜层与氮化铝陶瓷基体结合紧密,形成了一扩散层,钛与铝组元浓度在该扩散层中呈梯度分布,沉积到AlN陶瓷表面的钛金属与AlN发生反应主要生成TiN0.3、TiAl3和Ti9Al23。

利用热歧化反应进行氮化铝陶瓷表面钛金属化工艺及正交实验研究

利用熔盐热歧化反应法成功地进行了氮化铝陶瓷表面钛金属化。利用正交实验法就反应温度、反应时间、K2TiF6浓度3个因素对制备工艺进行探讨,研究各工艺参数对金属化膜厚度的影响。利用XRD、SEM对金属化膜的组成和陶瓷与金属化膜之间的界面进行了分析和观察,并对利用该法进行氮化铝陶瓷表面金属化的反应机理进行了初步探讨。

攀枝花钒钛金属化球团熔化分离工艺的探讨

探讨攀枝花钒钛金属化球团熔化分离工艺，采用渣电阻矿热炉，可获得较好技术经济指标。

Catalytic removal of volatile organic compounds using ordered porous transition metal oxide and supported noble metal catalysts

Most of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are harmful to the atmosphere and human health. Cata‐lytic combustion is an effective way to eliminate VOCs. The key issue is the availability of high per‐formance catalysts. Many catalysts including transition metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, and sup‐ported noble metals have been developed. Among these catalysts, the porous ones attract much attention. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the synthesis of ordered mesoporous and macroporous transition metal oxides, perovskites, and supported noble metal catalysts and their catalytic oxidation of VOCs. The porous catalysts outperformed their bulk counterparts. This excel‐lent catalytic performance was due to their high surface areas, high concentration of adsorbed oxy‐gen species, low temperature reducibility, strong interaction between noble metal and support and highly dispersed noble metal nanoparticles and unique porous structures. Catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide over typical catalysts was also discussed. We made conclusive remarks and pro‐posed future work for the removal of VOCs.

Effect of intermetallic compounds on heat resistance of hot roll bonded titanium alloy-stainless steel transition joint

The effect of intermetallic compounds on the heat resistance of transition joint was investigated. The experiment of post-weld heat treatment for the hot roll bonded titanium alloy-stainless steel joint using nickels interlayer was carried out, and the interface microstructure evolution due to heat treatment was presented. There was not found significant interdiffusion at stainless steel/nickel interface, when the specimens were heat treated in the temperature range of 600-800 °C for 10 and 30 min, while micro-cracks occurred at the stainless steel/nickel interface heat treated at 700 °C for 30 min. The thickness of intermetallic layers at nickel/titanium alloy interface increased at 600 °C, and micro-cracks occurred at 700 and 800 °C. The micro-cracks occurred between intermetallic layers or between intermetallic layer and nickel interlayer as well. The tensile strength of the transition joint decreased with the increase of heat treatment temperature or holding time.

Investigation on Quick Surface Metallization of Nano Titania Powder

Quick surface metallization of titania powder was carried out by electrolesschemical deposition of nickel. The fabricated product was characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR andcross-section metallography. The analysis results show that titania particles are completely coatedby a thin nickel shell about 600 nm thick composed of nano-sized crystalline nickel particles.Mechanism of nickel chemical deposition on nano powder is proposed.

“医用和多功能防护纺织品的研究”项目通过天津市科委验收

由我校纺织学院郭兴峰教授主持的＂医用和多功能防护纺织品的研究＂项目于2010年7月21日通过天津市科委组织的专家验收。该项目为天津市应用基础研究计划项目,下设两个子课题：＂钛金属化医用纺织品＂和＂多功能防护纺织品＂.

Supercritical synthesis of platinum-modified titanium dioxide for solar fuel production from carbon dioxide

This paper investigates the properties of TiO2‐based photocatalysts synthesised under supercriticalconditions.Specifically,the characteristics of Pt dispersed on TiO2catalysts obtained in supercriticalCO2are discussed and compared with those of commercial TiO2.The photocatalytic activity of thesynthesised catalysts in the CO2photoreduction reaction to produce solar fuel is tested.The mainconclusion of the study is that photocatalysts with better or similar features,including high surfacearea,crystallisation degree,hydroxyl surface concentration,pore volume,absorbance in the visiblerange and methane production rate,to those of commercial TiO2may be produced for the reductionof CO2to fuel by synthesis in supercritical media.

Formation of interfacial brittle phases sigma phase and IMC in hybrid titanium-to-stainless steel joint

The microstructures of the brazed joints for commercially pure Ti and stainless steel were investigated by the applications of various filler alloys including Ag-, Ti-, Zr- and Ni-based alloys. Generally, the dissimilar joints between Ti and stainless steel were dominated by the Ti-based intermetallic compounds （IMCs）, e.g. （Ti, Zr）2（Fe, Ni）, TiFe, TiCu, and Ti2（Fe, Ni）, due to a significant dissolution of Ti from the base metal. The （Fe-Cr） cr phase was also observed near the stainless steel due to a segregation of Cr into the interface region. This research demonstrates empirically that the brittleness of the Ti and stainless steel joint can not be avoided only by applying single braze alloy or single insert metal, and thus an introduction of additional suitable interlayer between the filler alloy and the base metal is necessary to prevent the brittleness of the joint.

Effects of tantalum addition on microstructure and properties of titanium alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

The expanding of material library of laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF)is of great significance to the development of material science.In this study,the biomedical Ti-13Nb-13Zr powder was mixed with the tantalum particles(2 wt%−8 wt%)and fabricated by L-PBF.The microstructure consists of aβmatrix with partially unmelted pure tantalum distributed along the boundaries of molten pool owing to the Marangoni convention.Because the melting process of Ta absorbs lots of energy,the size of molten pool becomes smaller with the increase of Ta content.The fine microstructure exists in the center of melt pool while coarse microstructure is on the boundaries of melt pool because of the existence of heat-affected zone.The columnar-to-equiaxed transitions(CETs)happen in the zones near the unmelted Ta,and the low lattice mismatch induced by solid Ta phase is responsible for this phenomenon.The recrystallization texture is strengthened while the fiber texture is weakened when the tantalum content is increased.Due to the formation of refined martensiteα′grains during L-PBF,the compressive strengths of L-PBF-processed samples are higher than those fabricated by traditional processing technologies.The present research will provide an important reference for biomedical alloy design via L-PBF process in the future.

Preparation and photocatalytic properties of Fe-doped TiO_2 nanoparticles

Nanocrystalline Fe-doped TiO2 with size of 6070 nm was prepared by a sol-gel technique, followed by freeze-drying treatment for 2 h. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses, X-ray diffraction, scanning （electron） microscope, laser diffraction particle size analyzer and UV-Vis spectrophotometer technologies were used to characterize the product. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated by the degradation of wastewater of paper-making. The effects of Fe ion implantation on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 were also discussed. The results show that the iron content plays an essential role in affecting the photocatalytic activity of the Fe-doped TiO2 and the optimum content of Fe-doped is 0.05% （mass fraction）. The photocatalytic activity of samples with lower content of Fe-doped is higher than that of pure TiO2 in the treatment of paper-making wastewater. The photo-degradation effect of paper-making effluent is the best by means of Fe-doped TiO2 with 0.05% Fe.

Effect of sintering atmosphere on microstructure and properties of TiC based cermets

The effect of the sintering atmospheres (vacuum, N_2, Ar) on the microstructures and properties of the TiC based cermets was studied using XRD, SEM/BSE and energy dispersive spectrometer. Compared with the alloy sintered in vacuum, the carbon content of the specimen sintered in N_2 and Ar is lower by 0.5%; and the nitrogen content is higher by 0.3% when sintered in nitrogen. The central part of the ring structure may be carbide with either a high W or Ti content. The ring structures are (Ti, W, Ta, Mo, Co, Ni)C solid solutions with different metallic elements and distributions. The composition of the binder phase is (Co, Ni) solid solution with different Ti, W, Ta, Mo, C contents. The structures are uniform for the cermets sintered in vacuum and the properties are the best. When sintered in Ar or N2, the O_2 and N2 in the atmosphere take part in the sintering reaction to break the carbon balance in the cermets to form a shell structure and defects, which results in poor density, microhardness (HV) and transverse rupture strength (TRS).

Catalytic effects of [Ag(H_2O)(H_3PW_(11)O_(39))]^(3-)on a TiO_2 anode for water oxidation

A[H3AgI(H2O)PW11O39]3?‐TiO2/ITO electrode was fabricated by immobilizing a molecular polyoxometalate‐based water oxidation catalyst,[H3AgI(H2O)PW11O39]3?(AgPW11),on a TiO2electrode.The resulting electrode was characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy.Linear sweep voltammetry,chronoamperometry,and electrochemical impedance measurements were performed in aqueous Na2SO4solution(0.1molL?1).We found that a higher applied voltage led to better catalytic performance by AgPW11.The AgPW11‐TiO2/ITO electrode gave currents respectively10and2.5times as high as those of the TiO2/ITO and AgNO3‐TiO2/ITO electrodes at an applied voltage of1.5V vs Ag/AgCl.This result was attributed to the lower charge transfer resistance at the electrode‐electrolyte interface for the AgPW11‐TiO2/ITO electrode.Under illumination,the photocurrent was not obviously enhanced although the total anode current increased.The AgPW11‐TiO2/ITO electrode was relatively stable.Cyclic voltammetry of AgPW11was performed in phosphate buffer solution(0.1mol L?1).We found that oxidation of AgPW11was a quasi‐reversible process related to one‐electron and one‐proton transfer.We deduced that disproportionation of the oxidized[H2AgII(H2O)PW11O39]3?might have occurred and the resulting[H3AgIIIOPW11O39]3?oxidized water to O2.

Perovskite LaFeO_3 supported bi-metal catalyst for syngas methanation

LaFeO3 perovskite supported Ni and Ni-Fe catalysts were prepared and applied to methanation reaction of syngas. Two preparation methods were employed. One was one-step citrate complexing method, and the other was a two step method using citrate complexing method to produce LaFeO3 and followed by loading nickel oxide on it with impregnation. The structure evolution of the sample as prepared was investigated by XRD, TPR and TEM techniques. For the former, the chemical composites of the calcined sample are NiO-Fe2O3/LaFe1-xNixO3. After reduction and reaction of CO methanation, its composites convert to Fe-Ni@Ni/LaFeO3-La2O2CO3, in which Fe-Ni@Ni is metal particles in nano-size composed of nickel core and Fe-Ni alloy shell. For the latter, the chemical composites of the calcined sample are NiO/LaFeO3; and after reduction and reaction of CO methanation, its chemical composites change to Ni/LaFeO3. Ni/LaFeO3 catalyst is a little more active, while Fe-Ni@Ni/LaFeO3-La2O2CO3 is much more stable and shows very good resistance to carbon deposition. In this work it is aimed to show that the structure and composites of the catalysts can be tailored using perovskite-type oxide as precursor with different preparing method or preparing condition. Therefore, it is a promising route to prepare supported bi-metal catalysts in nano-size for a lot of metals with desired catalytic performances.

Electron beam welding of Ti-15-3 titanium alloy to 304 stainless steel with copper interlayer sheet

Electron beam welding of Ti-15-3 titanium alloy to 304 stainless steel with a copper sheet as interlayer was carried out.Microstructures of the joint were studied by optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffractometry(XRD).In addition,the mechanical properties of the joint were evaluated by tensile test and the microhardness was measured.These two alloys were successfully welded by adding copper transition layer into the weld.Solid solution with a certain thickness was located at the interfaces between weld and base metal in both sides.Regions inside the weld and near the stainless steel were characterized by solid solution of copper with TiFe2 intermetallics dispersedly distributed in it.While weld near titanium alloy contained Ti-Cu and Ti-Fe-Cu intermetallics layer,in which the hardness of weld came to the highest value.Brittle fracture occurred in the intermetallics layer when the joint was stretched.

Vacuum Brazing of TiAl Based Alloy with 40Cr Steel

The vacuum brazing of TiAl based alloy with 40Cr steel was investigated using Ag-Cu-Ti filler metal. The experimental results show that the Ag, Cu, Ti atoms in the filler metal and the base metal inter-diffuse toward each other during brazing and react at the interface to form an inter-metallic AlCu 2Ti compound which joins two parts to produce a brazing joint with higher strength.

Building surface defects by doping with transition metal on ultrafine TiO_2 to enhance the photocatalytic H_2 production activity

Inefficient charge separation and limited light absorption are two critical issues associated with high‐efficiency photocatalytic H2production using TiO2.Surface defects within a certain concentration range in photocatalyst materials are beneficial for photocatalytic activity.In this study,surface defects(oxygen vacancies and metal cation replacement defects)were induced with a facile and effective approach by surface doping with low‐cost transition metals(Co,Ni,Cu,and Mn)on ultrafine TiO2.The obtained surface‐defective TiO2exhibited a3–4‐fold improved activity compared to that of the original ultrafine TiO2.In addition,a H2production rate of3.4μmol/h was obtained using visible light(λ>420nm)irradiation.The apparent quantum yield(AQY)at365nm reached36.9%over TiO2‐Cu,significantly more than the commercial P25TiO2.The enhancement of photocatalytic H2production activity can be attributed to improved rapid charge separation efficiency andexpanded light absorption window.This hydrothermal treatment with transition metal was proven to be a very facile and effective method for obtaining surface defects.