基于电涡流传感器的钢轨形变实时监测系统设计

针对传统的接触式钢轨受力状态监测成本高、实时性差、影响列车行驶等问题,设计了一种非接触式钢轨状态实时监测系统。系统具有云端实时监测列车行驶过程中钢轨竖直方向和水平方向形变量和受力状态的功能。该系统由电涡流传感器采集列车经过时钢轨竖直方向和水平方向形变量,通过STM32系列主控芯片对数据进行处理,结合NB-IoT网络信号覆盖极广、可穿透地下等优点,采用MQTT轻量级物联网传输协议,构建了云端数据可视化界面,实现对列车运行时钢轨状态的实时监测,实验结果表明,该系统具有实时在线监测、低功耗、非接触、运行稳定等特点,满足设计的实际需求。

归心测量中轮轨式VLBI天线的水平钢轨形变建模

为在本地测量中更精确地测定VLBI(very long baseline interferometry)天线参考点(reference point, RP)点位,分析了水平钢轨残余形变对四轮座架式天线的影响,首次提出并推导了用以改正归心解算靶标点(target point,TP)坐标的水平钢轨残余形变模型,结合实测靶标坐标与钢轨水准数据,解释了TP坐标残差中的系统性效应,精化了TP理论坐标,显著提高了参考点测定精度。结果表明,采用水平钢轨残余形变改正模型与估算模型可分别使靶标坐标归心拟后残差中误差提高50%和65%,归心精度均可提高约30%。此外,本钢轨残余形变估算模型还可有效用于该类天线钢轨形变的监测。

Analytical solution to mapping rail deformation under bridge transverse deformation using energy variational principle

The track geometry is a critical factor that affects the running safety and riding comfort of trains moving on a high-speed railway bridge.This study addresses the mapping relationship between the track deformation and lateral deformations of bridges.Equilibrium equations and natural boundary conditions of the track-bridge system are established based on the energy variational principle,and an analytical solution is derived for the track deformation accounting for lateral bridge deformations.A five-span simply-supported bridge with continuous welded rail has been selected as the case study.The mapping rail deformations are compared to the finite element results,and both results agree well with each other,validating the analytical method proposed in this paper.The influence factors on the mapping rail deformation are further evaluated.Results show that the mapping rail deformation is consistent with the girder displacement at the area that is away from the girder ends when the flexural stiffness ratio between the track and the bridge girder is low.The interlayer stiffness has a significant effect on the mapping rail deformation when the track flexural stiffness is of a high value.