316L不锈钢激光-钨极惰性气体复合焊接工艺研究

为了进一步提高316L不锈钢的可焊性,采用Rofin Sinar 5kW快轴流CO2激光器和Miller钨极惰性气体(TIG)焊机,对3mm厚316L不锈钢进行了一系列CO2激光-TIG电弧复合焊接工艺试验,研究了激光功率、电弧电流、热源间距等工艺参数对焊缝成形的影响规律。在激光功率大于2.5kW时,会产生小孔效应,其对复合焊接熔深影响显著;而当电弧电流小于150A时,焊接熔宽与两热源的热输入关系密切,当电流大于150A时,仅电弧电流是焊接熔宽的决定性因素;热源间距存在一个最佳值2mm^3mm,此时,焊接熔深可提高1.46倍~2.54倍。研究结果表明,复合焊接提高了316L不锈钢的可焊性。

几种稀土钨电极焊接5A62铝合金的工艺性能

为了寻求替代钍钨电极的节能环保、焊接性能优异的电极,针对多元稀土钨、钍钨、铈钨3种电极进行了烧损性能测试,并进行了钨极惰性气体（tungsten inert gas,TIG）保护焊实验,结果表明：钍钨电极的抗烧损性能最差,多元电极略优于铈钨电极;焊缝接头的熔深和熔宽与焊接电流和焊接速度等焊接参数有关;采用多元稀土钨电极焊接后,在100 ～ 180 A的焊接电流下熔宽均小于铈钨电极和钍钨电极的熔宽;通过比较分析铈钨电极和多元电极焊接接头的显微组织、硬度曲线分布、扫描断口和力学拉伸实验结果,发现多元稀土钨电极的焊接接头力学性能和焊缝成型优于钍钨和铈钨电极,从而可替代钍钨和铈钨电极进行铝合金焊接.

罐式集装箱罐体焊接方法选用研究

罐式集装箱是存储运输液体食品、化学药品等货物的重要工具,是一种特殊压力容器,要求较高的抗拉、抗裂和耐腐蚀性能。本文针对316L不锈钢罐式集装箱罐体,分别使用等离子钨极惰性气体复合焊接、激光焊接进行施焊,比较了两种焊缝的焊接质量。结果表明,激光焊的焊接质量无论在力学性能方面,还是在耐腐蚀性能方面,都优于等离子钨极惰性气体复合焊接,值得推广应用。

镁合金交流TIG和脉冲TIG组织性能分析

采用交流TIG和交流脉冲TIG两种焊接方法焊接变形镁合金AZ31B板材,利用高速摄像机和红外热像仪研究稳定焊接过程中的电弧形态和焊接温度场,观察焊接接头的微观组织并进行力学性能拉伸试验。发现脉冲焊接在峰值电流加热时的电弧形态明显大于交流TIG焊接时的电弧。对比焊接温度分布曲线可以看到,脉冲焊接时熔池两侧区域的冷却速度更快。脉冲焊接接头的热影响区更窄,而且晶粒更细小均匀。拉伸结果显示交流脉冲TIG焊接接头强度高于交流TIG焊接接头强度。

Influence of welding processes on microstructure, tensile and impact properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy joints

Titanium alloys have been successfully applied for aerospace, ship and chemical industries because they possess many good characteristics such as high specific strength, superior corrosion resistance and excellent high temperature resistance. Though these alloys show reasonable weldability characteristics, the joint properties are greatly influenced by the welding processes. Weld thermal cycle of the processes will control the weld metal solidification and subsequent phase transformation and resultant microstructure. The welded joints of Ti-6Al-4V alloy were fabricated by gas tungsten arc welding （GTAW）, laser beam welding （LBW） and electron beam welding （EBW） processes. The joints fabricated by EBW process exhibit higher strength compared with the GTAW and LBW joints; but the joints by GTAW process exhibit higher impact toughness compared with the LBW and EBW joints. The resultant tensile and impact properties of the welded joints were correlated with the weld metal microstructures.

Effect of welding processes on AA2219 aluminium alloy joint properties

AA2219 aluminium alloy square butt joints without filler metal addition were fabricated using gas tungsten arc welding （GTAW）, electron beam welding （EBW） and friction stir welding （FSW） processes. The effects of three welding processes on the tensile, fatigue and corrosion behaviour were studied. Microstructure analysis was carried out using optical and electron microscopes. The results show that the FSW joints exhibit superior tensile and fatigue properties compared to EBW and GTAW joints. It is also found that the friction stir welds show lower corrosion resistance than EB and GTA welds. This is mainly due to the presence of finer grains and uniform distribution of strengthening precipitates in the weld metal of FSW joints.

Effect of welding speed on microstructural characteristics and tensile properties of GTA welded AZ31B magnesium alloy

The effect of welding speed on tensile and microstructural characteristics of pulsed current gas tungsten arc welded（PCGTAW） AZ31 B magnesium alloy joints was studied. Five joints were fabricated using different levels of welding speeds（105-145 mm/min）. It was found that the joints fabricated using a welding speed of 135 mm/min yielded superior tensile properties compared to other joints. The formation of fine grains and uniformly distributed precipitates in the fusion zone are the main reasons for the superior tensile properties of these joints.

Assessment of gas tungsten arc welding thermal cycles on Inconel 718 alloy

Heat moving source models along with transient heat analysis by finite element method were used to determine weld thermal cycles and isothermal sections obtained from the application of a gas tungsten arc welding beads on Inconel 718 plates. Analytical (Rosenthal’s thick plate model) and finite element results show an acceptable approximation with the experimental weld thermal cycles. The isothermal sections determined by numerical simulation show a better approximation with the experimental welding profile for double-ellipse model heat distribution than Gauss model. To analyze the microstructural transformation produced by different cooling rates in the fusion and heat affected zones, Vickers microhardness measurements (profile and mapping representation) were conducted. A hardness decrement for the heat affected zone (~200 HV0.2) and fusion zone (~240 HV0.2) in comparison with base material (~350 HV0.2) was observed. This behavior has been attributed to the heterogeneous solubilization process of the γ″ phase (nickel matrix), which, according to the continuous-cooling-transformation curve, produced the Laves phase,δ and MC transition phases, generating a loss in hardness close to the fusion zone.