殷商和西周甲骨钻凿异同探析

殷商和西周甲骨钻凿方面存在很多异同之处,主要表现在甲骨攻治、钻凿工具和钻凿形态三个方面。在甲骨攻治方面,龟腹甲较多地用于殷商和西周的占卜,而殷商占卜常用的龟背甲和牛肩胛骨,在西周却不多用;殷商和西周卜骨使用的不同之处,在于骨臼和骨扇上下位置的颠倒。在钻凿工具方面,圆头钻子和长形尖头凿子都曾被殷商和西周使用,而殷商钻凿使用的椭圆形凿子、长方形凿子和挖刻刀,在西周时期却不多用。在钻凿形态方面,殷商时期最常见的钻凿形态是椭圆形长凿与圆孔互包型;单独椭圆型、单独圆孔型盛行于殷商和西周,而卜甲方凿是西周甲骨钻凿形态的最大特色。

Research present situation and analysis on classification of rock drillability

Rock drillability reflects the drill bit fragments rock hardly or easily. At present, rock drillability classification indexes have rock single axle compressive strength, point load intensity, fracture stress during chiseling, drill speed, chiseling specific work, acoustic parameter, cutting magnitude and so on. Every index reflects rock drillability but isnt overall. It is feasible that using many indexes of fuzzy mathematics method etc. to evaluate rock drillability.