后入路钻压法椎管前方减压治疗胸腰椎骨折并脊髓损伤

目的 :探讨胸腰椎骨折并脊髓损伤手术治疗的效果。方法 :采用后方入路钻压法行椎管前方减压 ,治疗胸腰椎骨折并脊髓损伤 2 1例 ;其中T1 2 骨折 7例 ,L1 骨折 1 2例 ,T1 2 并L1 骨折 2例。术后经 1～ 3年随访 ,平均随访时间 2 4个月。结果 :2 1例中神经功能有2 0例分别较术前改善Ⅰ～Ⅱ级 (按Frankel分级标准 )。结论 :此改良手术创伤小 ,脊柱稳定性破坏小 ,减压充分 ,效果明显。

深水井控司钻法压井模拟

陆地上的井控方法和压井模型目前已经比较完善,但在深水井控过程中,特殊的地层条件和长节流管线的存在,压井过程中时常因套管鞋处的地层破裂造成压井过程的失败。由于特殊的管路条件和温度环境,深水压井过程中的立压和套压的变化也不同于陆地,气体进入节流管线后套压迅速增大,这给井控的操作带来了较大的困难。在考虑了节流管线摩阻、气体的压缩系数及温度等参数变化对套压、立压的影响的基础上,以常规陆地司钻法为基础,介绍了深水压井排量的优化选择方法,通过计算机模拟给出了整个压井过程中的立压和套压变化曲线。这种改进的“深水司钻法”符合深水井控条件,对现场压井施工具有指导意义。

钻压法在资江桥钢板桩围堰施工中的应用

桥梁深水基础钢围堰施工,常规设备插打钢板桩存在刃脚入岩困难,易受阻变形,进而影响隔水效果的技术难点。资江桥河床覆盖层为砂卵石,下卧岩面不平,一定程度上增加了施工难度,鉴此项目引进了日产Uper CrushU600M型静压植桩机,采用钻压法施工。该设备1975年日本研制成功并投入应用,中国2010年开始引入,核心技术是钢板桩入岩时,卧于凹槽处的螺旋钻随即下行,破碎影响压入的大粒径卵石或打开基岩。静压植桩机的应用,保证了钢板桩顺利进入基岩。资江桥钻压法施工钢围堰,是国内为数不多的应用实例。本文系统介绍钻压法施工基本原理、工艺流程及施工控制要点。

深水司钻法压井应用实例分析

由于特殊的地层压力造成较窄的钻井液密度窗口、长节流管线产生较大摩阻、低温环境对井控过程压力变化和压井液流变性的影响等因素,使深水井控更加复杂。文章简要介绍司钻法压井,并以司钻法压井在深水"下喷上漏"地层压井的成功实例为基础,简要剖析井下复杂情况发生原因、司钻法压井处理过程及由此得出对井控方面的认识,对司钻法在深水井控的应用具有一定指导意义。

两种常规压井研究

司钻法压井和工程师法压井作为常规压井的两种重要方法,对于井控作业有着至关重要的作用。

Technology and application of pressure relief and permeability increase by jointly drilling and slotting coal

Difficulties with soft coal seams having a high gas content and high stress levels can be addressed by a technology of pressure relief and permeability increase.Slotting the seam by auxiliary drilling with a water jet that breaks the coal and slots the coal seam during the process of retreat drilling achieves pressure relief and permeability increase.Improved efficiency of gas extraction from a field test,high gas coal seam was observed.Investigating the theory of pressure relief and permeability increase required analyzing the characteristics of the double power slotting process and the effects of coal pressure relief and permeability increase.The influence of confining pressure on coal physical properties was examined by using FLAC3D software code to simulate changes of coal stress within the tool destruction area.The double power joint drilling method was modeled.Field experiments were performed and the effects are analyzed.This research shows that there is an ''islanding effect'' in front of the joint double power drill and slotting equipment.The failure strength of the coal seam is substantially reduced within the tool destruction area.Drilling depths are increased by 72% and the diameter of the borehole is increased by 30%.The amount of powdered coal extracted from the drill head increases by 17 times when using the new method.A 30 day total flow measurement from the double power drilled and slotted bores showed that gas extraction increased by 1.3 times compared to the standard drilled bores.Gas concentrations increased from 30% to 60% and were more stable so the overall extraction efficiency increased by a factor of two times.

CG1306工作面过断层回采时冲击危险分析及防治

以山东义能煤矿CG1306工作面开采为背景,采用FLAC3D数值模拟了回采过断层时工作面支承应力分布规律和冲击危险性。结果表明,断层下盘应力集中小于断层上盘,靠近断层处下盘支承应力降低,上盘支承应力增大;CG1306工作面回采过断层期间,靠近断层的皮带顺槽应力集中程度大,是发生冲击地压的高危区域;采用钻屑法监测与钻孔卸压技术进行冲击危险预警与防治,效果良好。