In the Pearl River Delta with more than 1000 years of intensive land reclamation history, the developmentof acid sulphate soils has been generally limited in terms of their acid potential (pyrite content) and spatiale...In the Pearl River Delta with more than 1000 years of intensive land reclamation history, the developmentof acid sulphate soils has been generally limited in terms of their acid potential (pyrite content) and spatialextent. This is attributed to the rapid delta progradation, partially resulted from increasing sediment yieldcaused by deforestation within the catchment and the empolderment in the estuarine embayment. Theempolderment practice accompanied by the clearance of mangroves stopped the upward growth of the pyriticlayer on the one hand and limited the vertical accretion of non-pyritic freshwater sediments over the pyriticestuarine sedimellts on the other. In such a case, the Pyritic layer in the area is frequently thin and ofshallow occurrence. Under forced leaching-recharge conditions for the paddy rice cultivation, the leaching ofacid sulphate materials prevails over its production and this leads to a net loss in pyrite oxidation products.Land excaVation for fishpond farming accelerates Pyrite oxidation due to the direct exposure of the pyriticsediments to air on the pond bunds. Severe acidification can intensify the environmental degradation ofestuarine ecosystems.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to describe the roles of microstructure types and grain boundary characteristics in fatigue crack propagation behavior in ferrite-pearlite steel and ferrite-bainite steel.The ferrite-bain...The purpose of this study was to describe the roles of microstructure types and grain boundary characteristics in fatigue crack propagation behavior in ferrite-pearlite steel and ferrite-bainite steel.The ferrite-bainite dual-phase steel was obtained by intermediate heat treatment conducted on ferrite-pearlite low carbon steel.This paper presents the results from investigation using constant stress-controlled fatigue tests with in-situ scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron backscattering diffraction(EBSD) and fatigue fractography analysis.Microscopic images arrested by in-situ SEM showed that the second hard bainite phase distributed in the soft ferrite matrix had a significant effect on preventing the cracks opening compared with pearlite,and that the cracks in ferrite-bainite steel were "locked" in the second hard bainite phase while the crack propagation path in ferrite-pearlite steel was more tortuous.Moreover,the fatigue fracture surface analysis and the coincidence site lattice(CSL) obtained by EBSD indicated that low-CSL grain boundaries in ferrite-bainite steel distributed more uniformly,which has a more significant effect on the resistance of crack propagation.It was revealed that ferrite-bainite dual-phase microstructures could inhibit the fatigue crack propagation more effectively than ferrite-pearlite microstructures.展开更多
文摘In the Pearl River Delta with more than 1000 years of intensive land reclamation history, the developmentof acid sulphate soils has been generally limited in terms of their acid potential (pyrite content) and spatialextent. This is attributed to the rapid delta progradation, partially resulted from increasing sediment yieldcaused by deforestation within the catchment and the empolderment in the estuarine embayment. Theempolderment practice accompanied by the clearance of mangroves stopped the upward growth of the pyriticlayer on the one hand and limited the vertical accretion of non-pyritic freshwater sediments over the pyriticestuarine sedimellts on the other. In such a case, the Pyritic layer in the area is frequently thin and ofshallow occurrence. Under forced leaching-recharge conditions for the paddy rice cultivation, the leaching ofacid sulphate materials prevails over its production and this leads to a net loss in pyrite oxidation products.Land excaVation for fishpond farming accelerates Pyrite oxidation due to the direct exposure of the pyriticsediments to air on the pond bunds. Severe acidification can intensify the environmental degradation ofestuarine ecosystems.
文摘The purpose of this study was to describe the roles of microstructure types and grain boundary characteristics in fatigue crack propagation behavior in ferrite-pearlite steel and ferrite-bainite steel.The ferrite-bainite dual-phase steel was obtained by intermediate heat treatment conducted on ferrite-pearlite low carbon steel.This paper presents the results from investigation using constant stress-controlled fatigue tests with in-situ scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron backscattering diffraction(EBSD) and fatigue fractography analysis.Microscopic images arrested by in-situ SEM showed that the second hard bainite phase distributed in the soft ferrite matrix had a significant effect on preventing the cracks opening compared with pearlite,and that the cracks in ferrite-bainite steel were "locked" in the second hard bainite phase while the crack propagation path in ferrite-pearlite steel was more tortuous.Moreover,the fatigue fracture surface analysis and the coincidence site lattice(CSL) obtained by EBSD indicated that low-CSL grain boundaries in ferrite-bainite steel distributed more uniformly,which has a more significant effect on the resistance of crack propagation.It was revealed that ferrite-bainite dual-phase microstructures could inhibit the fatigue crack propagation more effectively than ferrite-pearlite microstructures.
